scholarly journals Grid-forming control strategies for black start by offshore wind power plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1297-1313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anubhav Jain ◽  
Jayachandra N. Sakamuri ◽  
Nicolaos A. Cutululis
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Stability Limit ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Wind Power Plants

Abstract. Large-scale integration of renewable energy sources with power-electronic converters is pushing the power system closer to its dynamic stability limit. This has increased the risk of wide-area blackouts. Thus, the changing generation profile in the power system necessitates the use of alternate sources of energy such as wind power plants, to provide black-start services in the future. However, this requires grid-forming and not the traditionally prevalent grid-following wind turbines. This paper introduces the general working principle of grid-forming control and examines four of such control schemes. To compare their performance, a simulation study has been carried out for the different stages of energization of onshore load by a high-voltage direct-current (HVDC)-connected wind power plant. Their transient behaviour during transformer inrush, converter pre-charging and de-blocking, and onshore block-load pickup has been compared and analysed qualitatively to highlight the advantages and disadvantages of each control strategy.

scholarly journals Grid-forming control strategies for blackstart by offshore wind farms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anubhav Jain ◽  
Jayachandra N. Sakamuri ◽  
Nicolaos A. Cutululis
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Stability Limit ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Wind Power Plants

Abstract. Large-scale integration of renewable energy sources with power-electronic converters is pushing the power system closer to its dynamic stability limit. This has increased the risk of wide-area blackouts. Thus, the changing generation profile in the power system necessitates the use of alternate sources of energy such as wind power plants, to provide blackstart services in the future. This however, requires grid-forming and not the traditionally prevalent grid-following wind turbines. In this paper, four different grid-forming control strategies have been implemented in an HVDC-connected wind farm. A simulation study has been carried out to test the different control schemes for the different stages of energization of onshore load by the wind farm. Their transient behaviour during transformer inrush, converter pre-charge and de-blocking, and onshore block-load pickup, has been compared to demonstrate the blackstart capabilities of grid-forming wind power plants for early participation in power system restoration.

Generic Dynamic Models for Modeling Wind Power Plants and Other Renewable Technologies in Large-Scale Power System Studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 1108-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pouyan Pourbeik ◽  
Juan J. Sanchez-Gasca ◽  
Jayapalan Senthil ◽  
James D. Weber ◽  
Pouya Sajjad Zadehkhost ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Wind Power Plants

scholarly journals Flexible Modern Power System: Real-Time Power Balancing through Load and Wind Power

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Basit ◽  
Tanvir Ahmad ◽  
Asfand Yar Ali ◽  
Kaleem Ullah ◽  
Gussan Mufti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Power Requirement ◽  
Wind Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale Integration ◽  
Flexible Load ◽  
Scale Integration

Increasing large-scale integration of renewables in conventional power system has led to an increase in reserve power requirement owing to the forecasting error. Innovative operating strategies are required for maintaining balance between load and generation in real time, while keeping the reserve power requirement at its minimum. This research work proposes a control strategy for active power balance control without compromising power system security, emphasizing the integration of wind power and flexible load in automatic generation control. Simulations were performed in DIgSILENT for forecasting the modern Danish power system with bulk wind power integration. A high wind day of year 2020 was selected for analysis when wind power plants were contributing 76.7% of the total electricity production. Conventional power plants and power exchange with interconnected power systems utilize an hour-ahead power regulation schedule, while real-time series are used for wind power plants and load demand. Analysis showed that flexible load units along with wind power plants can actively help in reducing real-time power imbalances introduced due to large-scale integration of wind power, thus increasing power system reliability without enhancing the reserve power requirement from conventional power plants.

scholarly journals Analysis of Economic-Technical Potential of Renewable Power Sources for the Establishment of National Renewable Energy Center in Ninh Thuan Province, Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 209 ◽  
pp. 06022
Author(s):  
Vu Minh Phap ◽  
Doan Van Binh ◽  
Nguyen Hoai Nam ◽  
A. V. Edelev ◽  
M. A. Marchenko
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power System ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Energy Center

Currently, Vietnam‘s energy source structure is being changed by which renewable energy sources play more important role to meet the electricity demand and reduce greenhouse gas emissions from fossil energy sources. Vietnam’s energy development strategy determines to build some renewable energy centers, of which Ninh Thuan is the first province designated to become a national renewable energy center. This is based on Ninh Thuan’s endowment as a province having the largest renewable energy potential in Vietnam. Development of a large renewable energy center allows power system planners to overcome the mismatch in timescales associated with developing transmission power grid and renewable energy generation. Besides, renewable energy center can facilitate a significant pipeline of large-scale renewable energy and storage projects. However, Ninh Thuan province is far away from the major load centers of Vietnam so the calculation and analysis of economic indicators need to be studied. This paper will present the results of the analysis of economic indicators of major renewable electricity sources in Ninh Thuan (onshore wind power, offshore wind power, solar power) to provide scientific arguments for developing a renewable energy center in Vietnam. Also the paper addresses the problem of the large-scale penetration of renewable energy into the power system of Vietnam. The proposed approach presents the optimization of operational decisions in different power generation technologies as a Markov decision process. It uses a stochastic base model that optimizes a deterministic lookahead model. The first model applies the stochastic search to optimize the operation of power sources. The second model captures hourly variations of renewable energy over a year. The approach helps to find the optimal generation configuration under different market conditions.

scholarly journals Development of Wind Energy and the Installed Wind Power Plants in Turkey

2020 ◽  
Vol 207 ◽  
pp. 02013
Author(s):  
Cansev Genç ◽  
Abdulla Sakalli ◽  
Ivaylo Stoyanov ◽  
Teodor Iliev ◽  
Grigor Mihaylov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Farms ◽  
Wind Generators ◽  
Wind Power Plants

This article analyses the development of wind energy in Turkey - the number and capacity of installed wind generators, as well as the generated electricity. It was established that the number of wind power plants is 99 with a total installed capacity of 3933 MW, and the amount of electricity produced by wind power plants is 17909.3 GWh / year. Turkey has been shown to have great potential for developing electricity generation from offshore wind farms. The increase in the number of offshore wind turbines in the coming years is expected to increase the relative share of renewable sources in the country’s energy mix, to contribute to the technological and industrial development of the regions, to produce electricity from renewable and environmentally friendly sources and to reduce the country’s energy dependence. It has been established that there are appropriate conditions in Turkey for the development of wind energy and preconditions have been created for achieving the target for promoting the use of renewable energy sources by 2023.

GLOBAL WIND ENERGY WITHIN THE MEGAWATT RANGE

2019 ◽  
pp. 94-105
Author(s):  
V.N. Antipov ◽  
A.D. Grozov ◽  
A.V. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Direct Drive ◽  
New Production ◽  
Wind Power Plants

Despite of the political and economic problems wind power continues its steady development, the main directions of which are presented in the paper. New production facilities and materials are being created, which contributes to increased efficiency by enlarging the unit capacity of wind power plants (wind turbines) and reducing the unit cost of energy production. A promising large-scale direction of modern wind power is offshore wind power plants operating on the offshore shelf, for which the production of 6–8 MW wind generators is developed. Many offshore wind turbines manufacturers prefer a direct-drive permanent magnets synchronous generator, while they managed to achieve 25 kg/kN·m for the torque to the mass ratio and are searching how to reduce wind plants cost by various ways. The most significant achievements in the industrial wind turbines production and wind plants construction, as well as promising projects providing non-standard solutions, including those based on superconductivity, are presented.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF WIND FARM OPERATING REGIMES IN THE POWER SYSTEM OF MACEDONIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Čauševski ◽  
Tome Boševski
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power System ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
Wind Power Plants ◽  
Hydro Power Plants

A b s t r a c t: The trend for achieving sustainable energy development, keeping the environment clean and utilization of renewable energy sources are imperative to the energy development in several countries. Through legislation and economical benefits, countries tend to encourage potential investors for building the technologies for energy production from renewable. In order to achieve the EU energy target to have 20% renewable in 2020, the technologies for producing electricity from renewable energy sources (RES) are used to cover the needs with more intensities. The most dominant renewable is the wind power plants(WPP) or wind parks, which are used to supply electricity to more power systems (EPS) and whose installed capacity in some European countries reaches thousands MW. This paper treats the issue of operational work of wind power in the power system of Macedonia. It is made of simulation work with wind power plants with total installed capacity of 150 MW with an annual production of 300 GWh. The considered power system of Macedonia is projected for the period of 2015 with an annual consumption of 10,000 GWh. The power plants considering operating in the simulated period are the existing thermal power units and hydro power plants together with the planned gas power plants and hydro power plants. The aim of this paper is to analyze the effects of the power system operation in case to have installed wind power plants, or what operation mode of thermal power plants (TPP) and hydro power plants (HPP) is most convenient when the system has a source of technology from the renewable with stochastically nature. This is especially important, because conventional power plants (TPP and HPP) operate and regulate the needs of consumption in the power system, but the wind power plants operate when the wind occurs within certain limits of  technical operating mode for wind turbines. Although wind is free renewable energy source, frequency of occurrence of wind with unpredictable nature and stochastically, has additional adverse impact in terms of power system operating mode. Certainly the impact of wind power on the overall the power system operation depends on power plants and configuration of the power system. In other words, the base load is covered from TPP fossil fuel or nuclear plants, and the dynamic nature of wind power can be incorporated in the power system depends on how much power plants for peak load are available in the system (storage reversible hydro or gas turbines), or how variable power can be accepted in the power system.

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