scholarly journals The Bolsheviks' "German Gold" Revisited: An Inquiry into the 1917 Accusations

Author(s):  
Semion Lyandres

On the evening of 4 July 1917, at the height of the anti-government uprising, the Provisional Government's Minister of Justice, Pave! N. Pereverzev, authorized a press release accusing the Bolshevik leaders of treasonable activities. The report published the next day alleged that Lenin had been sent to Russia by the German government to rally support for a separate peace with Germany and "to undermine the confidence of the Russian people in the Provisional Government. " The money for his activity was allegedly channeled from Berlin to Petrograd, by way of Stockholm. In Stockholm the transfer was carried out by the Bolshevik Jakub Ftirstenberg (Hanecki) and the Russo-German Social Democrat Alexander Israel Helphand (Parvus). The main recipients in Petrograd were the Bolshevik lawyer Mieczyslaw Kozlowski and Evgeniia M. Sumenson, a relative of FtirstenbergHanecki. She and Kozlowski ran a trading business as a cover for financial dealings with Ftirstenberg, thus making the transfer of German funds look like a legitimate business transaction.


Significance The prospect of the euro-area extending Greece another bailout, to keep it in the single currency, has opened differences between Merkel and Finance Minister Wolfgang Schaeuble; a split in the Christian Democratic Union/Christian Social Union (CDU/CSU); tensions between the CDU/CSU and its Social Democrat (SPD) coalition partner; and SPD unhappiness about party leader and Economy Minister Sigmar Gabriel. Impacts Schaeuble is unlikely to exit government. His continued presence binds in a significant share of CDU/CSU MPs unhappy over Greece policy. A split in AfD is likely to divide the popular eurosceptic vote and keep Merkel's greatest anti-bailout problem an intra-party one. Intra-CDU/CSU opposition to further concessions to Greece restricts Merkel's leeway in euro-area negotiations Nominal debt relief for Greece will thus remain a 'red line' for the German government, straining relations with France. With Gabriel remaining a weak and controversial SPD leader, the question of who could challenge Merkel in 2017 looms large.



2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. A11-A11 ◽  
Keyword(s):  




2007 ◽  
pp. 4-26
Author(s):  
G. Yavlinsky

Results of privatization campaign in 1990’s continue to meet strong opposition from a very considerable part of Russian people and authorities actually refuse to consider the rights of private owners legitimate and not subject to violation. One of the reasons for this, besides historical tradition, is a specific nature of Russian privatization of 1990’s. The article brings to discussion a set of measures aimed at overcoming its negative consequences. While insisting on the need to honor all previous government obligations and commitments, the paper proposes a one-time special tax (windfall tax) to be levied on those who benefited most from privatization deals that were not just and fair, and special rules to be set for the use and sale of economic assets of national importance. The author also considers possible ways to legitimize private property, as well as chances to achieve а broad public consensus on this issue in Russia.





Author(s):  
Flemming G. Christiansen ◽  
Jørgen A. Bojesen-Koefoed ◽  
James A. Chalmers ◽  
Finn Dalhoff ◽  
Anders Mathiesen ◽  
...  

NOTE: This article was published in a former series of GEUS Bulletin. Please use the original series name when citing this article, for example: Christiansen, F. G., Bojesen-Koefoed, J. A., Chalmers, J. A., Dalhoff, F., Mathiesen, A., Sønderholm, M., Dam, G., Gregersen, U., Marcussen, C., Nøhr-Hansen, H., Piasecki, S., Preuss, T., Pulvertaft, T. C. R., Audun Rasmussen, J., & Sheldon, E. (2001). Petroleum geological activities in West Greenland in 2000. Geology of Greenland Survey Bulletin, 189, 24-33. https://doi.org/10.34194/ggub.v189.5150 _______________ The summer of 2000 was exciting for everyone interested in the petroleum geology and exploration of West Greenland. The first offshore well in more than 20 years was drilled by the Statoil group in the Fylla licence area, and seismic acquisition activity offshore West Greenland was more intense than previous years with four new surveys being carried out (Fig. 1). Expectations were high when drilling of the Qulleq-1 well was initiated in July 2000, not only with the licensees and the authorities, but also with the public. The well was classified as highly confidential, but nevertheless all information available was closely followed by the press, especially in Greenland and Denmark, but also internationally (see Ghexis 2000). Disappointment was equally high when the press release in September 2000 reported that the well was dry. Since that time much technical work has been carried out by Statoil and its consultants (Pegrum et al. 2001) and by the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), and a more balanced view of the positive and negative surprises from the well can now be presented.



Author(s):  
Oleg Pustovalov

The territory of Trekhrechiye is the Region of Three Rivers (Sanhe, the District of Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia, the People's Republic of China). This territory is subject to scientific study by historians and philologists. The research objects of this article are language aspects of modern Trekhrechiye. The aim of the study is to describe language competence of the Russian settlers’ descendants, who live now in the Region of Three Rivers, that place became mass residential centre of the Russian people in the XX century. Moreover, it is important to show dynamics of the people’s competences of the Russian language throughout the entire period of the Russian presence there. The description of the language competence of the Russian settlers’ descendants of different generations is based on the results of scientific expedition to the Region of Three Rivers. The expedition took place in 2017–2018 and was undertaken by the author. It allowed the author to monitor the extent of the Russian language preservation in different generations.





2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (043-044) ◽  
pp. 11-11
Author(s):  
Natalya Gorodetskaya
Keyword(s):  


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document