scholarly journals Trauma-Responsive Engagement and Treatment (TREAT)

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 92-105
Author(s):  
Joseph Tomassone
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Service Delivery System ◽  
Systemic Transformation ◽  
Trauma Informed

This article will outline a conceptual framework for Trauma-Responsive Engagement and Treatment (TREAT), which can be implemented as a model for organizational and programmatic transformation in a juvenile justice system. The proposed TREAT framework is designed to create juvenile justice programming that is not only trauma-informed, but is actually trauma-responsive with respect to all of the members of its community. That is, TREAT staff identify and respond to the outcomes of traumatic experiences in order to help people recover. They work to increase emotional and behavioral self-regulation of participants and help them to achieve self-identified goals. The article will discuss the evolution of this model in the context of recent and historical forces that have fueled juvenile justice reform efforts nationwide. The article will also describe how systemic changes in reaction to those forces should include a clear understanding of, and response to, the impacts of trauma on youth, staff, and systems, and will emphasize that true systemic transformation requires a model which engages, motivates, and benefits all members of a juvenile justice service delivery system—staff and youth alike.

A Pilot Study to Adapt a Trauma-Informed, Mindfulness-Based Yoga Intervention for Justice-Involved Youth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashli Owen-Smith ◽  
Holle Black ◽  
David Emerson ◽  
Michaela Cotner ◽  
Herschel Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Feasibility Trial ◽  
Black African ◽  
Intervention Impact ◽  
Trauma Informed ◽  
Hispanic White

Abstract The purpose of the present study was to adapt and pilot a trauma-informed, mindfulness-based yoga (TIMBY) intervention focused on enhancing self-regulation among youth in the Georgia Department of Juvenile Justice system. In this article we (1) describe the process by which we systematically adapted an evidence-based protocol specifically for this population, (2) describe the nature of and rationale for those adaptations, (3) present some preliminary qualitative findings based on interviews with youth participants, and (4) briefly summarize how the adapted protocol will be evaluated in the subsequent feasibility trial. The iterative drafting and revision process involved modifications to a well-established, protocolized Trauma-Informed Yoga program and was identified by the project advisory board and t h rough formal interviews with intervention staff. Qualitative interviews were conducted with youth participants concerning intervention impact, credibility, and satisfaction. Several needed modifications were identified so that the intervention would be contextually appropriate for justice-involved youth. Thirty youth were enrolled in the pilot study: 77% we re Non - Hispanic Black/African-American, 18% were Non-Hispanic White, and 5% were Hispanic White. The average age was 16.45 years (range 14–20). The youth consistently reported satisfaction with the sessions and positive beliefs about how the sessions were helping them with a range of physical and psychological/ emotional challenges. Adaptations to the protocol in the present study highlight how mindfulness-based interventions for justice-involved youth need to consider what is both developmentally suitable for youth and appropriate in a justice setting. A feasibility study using this revised TIMBY protocol is underway at four Georgia Department of Juvenile Justice facilities to formally identify the barriers and facilitators to implementation for the present study and a future, larger-scale trial.

Masculinity and Violence

2018 ◽  
pp. 67-82
Author(s):  
Michaela Soyer
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Multiple Functions ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
At Home

Chapter 5 shows how the juvenile justice system perpetuates the traumatic experiences the respondents suffered in their homes. “Outsider masculinity” fulfilled multiple functions by allowing the young men to rationalize the violence they committed as well as the abuse and neglect they experienced at the hands of others. This chapter focuses on the unacknowledged abuse of these young men that took place at home and then in the juvenile justice system. Even as the juvenile justice system provides urgently needed social services, it furthers victimizes children.

scholarly journals Discretionary Decision-Makin in Juvenile Justice

1976 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 470-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Barton
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Decision Makin ◽  
Important Conclusion ◽  
Decision Points ◽  
Decision Making Processes

The social distribution of youths who engage in delinquent behavior is not ,exactly the same as that of youths who come into contact with the juvenile justice system. Thus a certain amount of discretion characterizes the decisions made at various points within the system. In seeking an understanding of the discretionary processes, researchers have tried to isolate elements related to dispositions at distinct decision points. In addition to offense and offense history, the elements of sex, race, and social class have often been the foci of these studies, several of which are reviewed here. This review suggests that as a youth penetrates further into the juvenile justice system, factors other than his present offense become increasingly salient to decision-makers. It also appears that, once apprehended, girls tend to fare worse than boys do at the hands of the system. However, extreme caution is urged in generalizing from these, studies, which differed in time, place, methodology, and scope. Perhaps the most important conclusion of this review is that a clear understanding of the decision-making processes in the juvenile system is unlikely until a systematic research strategy or set of strategies emerges to replace the piecemeal approaches used to date. Some suggestions for such strategies are offered.

Assessing Traumatic Experiences of Justice-Involved Latinx Youth A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hoskins
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Trauma Exposure ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender ◽  
Latinx Youth

Abstract Background: Traumatic experiences have been linked to the unmet behavioral health needs of justice-involved youth. Unmet behavioral health needs are some of the most salient predictors of initial justice involvement and recidivism. Latinx youth are one of the most overrepresented ethnic and racial minority groups in the Juvenile Justice System in the United States. The primary aim of this systematic review was focused on justice-involved, Latinx youth in order to compare traumatic experiences and PTSD rates by race/ethnicity and gender. Methods: To ensure methodological rigor and reduce bias, a protocol was developed to outline criteria for study inclusion and to identify relevant data for extraction. For inclusion in this systematic review, studies had to be (a) observational or randomized controlled trials, (b) assess either trauma exposure or symptoms of justice-involved Latinx youth 13 to 18 years of age, (c) sample detained youth in the juvenile justice system, and (d) compare Latinx trauma experience or symptoms by gender and/or by ethnicity/race. A librarian at the University of California, San Francisco assisted to identify seminal articles in the field of juvenile justice and to identify subject headings and keyword terms from titles and abstracts. Results: Seven peer-reviewed articles were collected from PsycINFO, PubMed, and EMBASE, analyzed, and summarized. Themes from the literature were organized into the following sections: (a) participant characteristics, (b) measurement of trauma experience and PTSD, (c) types of studies, (d) trauma rates, (e) trauma exposure by race/ethnicity and Latinx gender, and (f) PTSD by race/ethnicity and gender. There were differences in the number and types of traumatic experiences that the youth were asked about, which precluded allowing direct data comparisons across studies. Most of the studies varied in their measurement of PTSD. Trauma exposure rates by race/ethnicity and Latinx gender was mixed. Latinx youth disclosed PTSD symptoms at a statistically significant higher rate than did White and Black youth. Conclusion: Trauma rate differences varied by study, presumably related to a lack of construct equivalence and variability in the number and types of traumatic experiences assessed by the measures. Further research is needed to inform appropriate assessment and treatment of justice-involved Latinx youth.

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