Electro-Optical Characteristics of an ICP Light Source Depending on Driving Temperature and Length of Discharge Tube

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Discharge Tube ◽  
Optical Characteristics

scholarly journals The mechanical moment of the nucleus of cæsium

1934 ◽  
Vol 143 (849) ◽  
pp. 455-464 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Discharge Tube ◽  
Alkali Metals ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Principal Series ◽  
Intensity Measurements ◽  
Small Correction ◽  
Intensity Ratios ◽  
Electrode Discharge ◽  
Mechanical Moment

In an earlier work, from measurements on the separations of the hyperfine structure doublets of the lines of the principal series, the author was able to find an approximate value for the magnetic moment of the nucleus of cæsium; but from these measurements it was not possible to determine experimentally the mechanical moment. In order to determine this, it is necessary to know accurately the intensity ratios of the components of the doublets. Accordingly accurate intensity measurements were made on the two most suitable doublets, 4555 and 4593. By working with extremely low vapour pressures of cæsium in the light source, the effect of self-absorption on the intensity ratios was almost entirely eliminated, being reduced to less than 2% in the stronger doublet and 1%, in the weaker doublet. When this small correction was applied, the intensity ratio was found to be 1.27±0.02 for both doublets. This establishes with certainty the value 7/2 for the mechanical moment of the cæsium nucleus. Excitation of the Spectrum.—The light source used was an external electrode discharge tube, the ends of which were 6 cm. long and 5 cm. in diameter; the capillary was 4 cm. long and 5 mm. bore. The tubs was made of pyrex glass, carefully "baked out" in a very high vacuum; after this a small quantity of pure cæsium was distilled into it. The metal was distilled three times before it entered the discharge tube in order to eliminate as far as possible traces of occluded hydrogen, which are always present in alkali metals, After the introduction of the metal, the tube was filled with neon, purified by charcoal cooled with liquid air, at a pressure of 2 mm. of mercury. External electrodes made of thin annealed sheet copper, and large enough to cover the whole of the ends of the tube, were fitted. In order to excite the tubs, one of the external electrodes was connected to one end of the plate coil of a high frequency oscillator of the type described by Gutton; the other electrode was earthed. The oscillator was capable of an output of about 1/2 kw., and was excited by a generator giving currents up to 5 amps, at a potential of 1750 volts.

scholarly journals Influence of Indirect Solar Irradiance on Satellite Observation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Wang ◽  
Zhi LI ◽  
Can Xu ◽  
Yurong Huo ◽  
Yifan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Solar Irradiance ◽  
Satellite Observation ◽  
Optical Characteristics ◽  
Space Domain ◽  
Observation Strategy ◽  
Actual Observation ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Observation Geometry ◽  
Observation Results

Abstract With the development of Space Domain Awareness(SDA), satellites’ optical characteristics are becoming attention-grabbing. Sunlight was usually considered the only light source for the satellites. However, in the actual observation, researchers have found that earthshine and moonlight would increase errors of the observation results, which have greatly influence the estimation of the satellite’s state. In order to avoid this influence, we propose an observation strategy. Firstly, we propose an accurate earthshine model, which considers the earth’s volume and favors long-time continuous satellite observation. Then, we explore the earthshine and moonlight’s impact on satellite observation results and find that this impact varies with the satellite attributes. Furthermore, we Figure out the law of this impact and establish a connection between this law and observation geometry. Finally, a Period Contribution model is proposed to provide a corresponding observation strategy to avoid the influence of earthshine and moonlight.

scholarly journals Electro-optical characteristics of an innovative LED luminaire with an LED matrix cooling system based on heat pipes

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (04) ◽  
pp. 415-423
Author(s):  
D.V. Pekur ◽  
◽  
V.M. Sorokin ◽  
Yu.E. Nikolaenko ◽  
V.P. Kostylyov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Heat Pipes ◽  
Luminous Flux ◽  
Optical Characteristics ◽  
Led Light ◽  
Lighting Systems ◽  
Led Matrix ◽  
Led Luminaire

Widespread use of energy-saving LED lighting systems powered by renewable energy sources, solar energy in particular, will contribute to the improvement of global ecology. One of the structural elements of such lighting systems is LED luminaire. The authors of this article perform a first ever experimental study of electro-optical characteristics of the basic version of a compact high-power LED luminaire for indoor use. The particular feature of this lighting device is that its cooling system for the LED light source is based on heat pipes and concentric cooling rings. Such design allows ensuring the required cooling efficiency of the LED matrix. The revealed trends in optical and electrical parameters during temperature stabilization indicate that the proposed cooling system is highly efficient in maintaining normal thermal conditions of LED light sources with a power of up to 140.7 W and a luminous flux of up to 15083 lm. The results on determining spatial distribution of luminous flux of these luminaires indicate that they may be used for lighting large rooms with high ceilings. Scaling the basic modular design version of the cooling system allows increasing the power of the LED light source up to 600 W.

A DISCHARGE TUBE LIGHT SOURCE WITH CONTROL CHARACTERISTICS SIMILAR TO THOSE OF A THYRATRON

1934 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 780-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Discharge Tube ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Electrical Characteristics ◽  
Measuring Apparatus ◽  
Control Electrode ◽  
Discharge Tubes ◽  
Flashing Light ◽  
Velocity Measuring ◽  
Cylindrical Shield

Discharge tubes having electrical characteristics similar to those of thyratrons have been used as flashing light sources for recording purposes. The tubes differ from ordinary thyratrons in that the space between the control electrode and anode has been increased, so that the light given out by the intense discharge in this space is available. Two different tubes have been constructed. In the first the anode was placed in a side tube connected to the main tube by a capillary. The discharge through the capillary was used as the light source. An additional electrode was used in the main tube to start the discharge. In the second tube the space between the control electrode and the anode was enclosed by a cylindrical shield having a slit cut in its side through which the light from the discharge passed. These tubes were used successfully for recording the instant that beams of light were interrupted by rifle bullets in a new velocity-measuring apparatus. The tubes have the advantage over usual discharge tube light sources that they are as easily controlled as a thyratron. Other applications of such tubes as light sources are discussed.

scholarly journals Optical Characteristics of a Multichannel Hybrid Integrated Light Source for Ultra-High-Bandwidth Optical Interconnections

Photonics ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1131-1138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takanori Shimizu ◽  
Nobuaki Hatori ◽  
Mitsuru Kurihara ◽  
Yutaka Urino ◽  
Tsuyoshi Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Optical Characteristics ◽  
Optical Interconnections ◽  
High Bandwidth ◽  
Integrated Light Source

A Method for Setting the Clearance Angle

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 388-389
Author(s):  
Michael T. Bucek ◽  
Howard J. Arnott
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Light Source ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Clearance Angle ◽  
Crude Approximation ◽  
Ultrathin Sections

It is believed by the authors, with supporting experimental evidence, that as little as 0.5°, or less, knife clearance angle may be a critical factor in obtaining optimum quality ultrathin sections. The degree increments located on the knife holder provides the investigator with only a crude approximation of the angle at which the holder is set. With the increments displayed on the holder one cannot set the clearance angle precisely and reproducibly. The ability to routinely set this angle precisely and without difficulty would obviously be of great assistance to the operator. A device has been contrived to aid the investigator in precisely setting the clearance angle. This device is relatively simple and is easily constructed. It consists of a light source and an optically flat, front surfaced mirror with a minute black spot in the center. The mirror is affixed to the knife by placing it permanently on top of the knife holder.

A confocal laser scanning microscope for fluorescence and reflection at video rates

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 134-135
Author(s):  
P.M. Houpt ◽  
A. Draaijer
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Point Light Source ◽  
Volume Of Interest ◽  
Ion Laser ◽  
Point Light ◽  
Point Detector

In confocal microscopy, the object is scanned by the coinciding focal points (confocal) of a point light source and a point detector both focused on a certain plane in the object. Only light coming from the focal point is detected and, even more important, out-of-focus light is rejected.This makes it possible to slice up optically the ‘volume of interest’ in the object by moving it axially while scanning the focused point light source (X-Y) laterally. The successive confocal sections can be stored in a computer and used to reconstruct the object in a 3D image display.The instrument described is able to scan the object laterally with an Ar ion laser (488 nm) at video rates. The image of one confocal section of an object can be displayed within 40 milliseconds (1000 х 1000 pixels). The time to record the total information within the ‘volume of interest’ normally depends on the number of slices needed to cover it, but rarely exceeds a few seconds.

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