Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma in Metastatic Lateral Cervical Neck Lymph Node. Case Report and Review literatures

Introduction: Papillary thyroid carcinoma is one of the commonest human malignancies. It usually follows an indolent clinical course with localized disease and rare metastasis [1]. Anaplastic transformation of thyroid carcinoma although rare but is well-accepted phenomena. It goes through multiple steps of genetic alterations leading to an ultimate de-differentiation. Most of the anaplastic carcinoma occurs in the thyroid glands with very aggressive behavior and locally advanced disease [2]. Recently some case reports described the anaplastic transformation of thyroid carcinoma in a distant site. It occurred either synchronously or years after diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma.

Download Full-text

Anaplastic Transformation of Papillary Thyroid Cancer in the Retroperitoneum

Case Reports in Pathology ◽

10.1155/2015/241308 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

James P. Solomon ◽

Fang Wen ◽

Lily J. Jih

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Rare Case ◽

Case Reports ◽

Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Papillary Thyroid ◽

Cervical Lymph Nodes ◽

Anaplastic Transformation ◽

Metastatic Sites ◽

Aggressive Variant

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is an aggressive variant of thyroid cancer that in most cases arises from anaplastic transformation of terminally differentiated thyroid carcinomas. This process usually occurs in the thyroid or cervical lymph nodes. Anaplastic transformation in distant metastatic sites is exceedingly rare, only previously documented in a few case reports. We report a rare case of anaplastic transformation of papillary thyroid carcinoma within a large retroperitoneal metastasis in a 64-year-old male 30 years after the initial diagnosis.

Download Full-text

Significant Amelioration of Tracheal Stenosis following Lenvatinib in a Patient Who Has Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma with Bronchomediastinal Infiltration: A Case Report

Case Reports in Oncology ◽

10.1159/000457831 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 175-181 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Takahiro Fukuhara ◽

Ryohei Donishi ◽

Satoshi Koyama ◽

Naritomo Miyake ◽

Eriko Matsuda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Tracheal Stenosis ◽

Kinase Inhibitors ◽

Locally Advanced ◽

Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Anaplastic Carcinoma ◽

Metastatic Lesions ◽

Significant Amelioration ◽

Mixed Efficacy

Background: Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma has an extremely poor prognosis, and no known drugs have exhibited acceptable efficacy. In recent years, novel anticancer tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been developed. We encountered a case of tracheal stenosis due to mediastinal and tracheal infiltration of anaplastic carcinoma for which lenvatinib exhibited remarkable effects; owing to this, airway management could be performed, even though the patient’s condition was considered critical. Case Report: A 55-year-old man presented with locally advanced anaplastic thyroid carcinoma that was observed to have mediastinal infiltration. Tracheal stenosis due to infiltration of the trachea occurred, and the condition of the patient rapidly deteriorated. Radiation and chemotherapy consisting of cetuximab, cisplatin, and fluorouracil were ineffective, but his tracheal stenosis was relieved 2 weeks after initiation of lenvatinib, after which the patient could be discharged. However, the lenvatinib was ineffective for his liver, bone, and brain metastatic lesions, and the patient remained in a critical condition. Conclusion: We encountered a case in which lenvatinib was effective for locally advanced anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, leading to an improvement in quality of life and a prolonged life. The drug was effective for the primary lesion, but mixed efficacy was noted for distant metastatic lesions.

Download Full-text

Remarkable Presentation: Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma Arising from Chronic Hyperthyroidism

Case Reports in Endocrinology ◽

10.1155/2018/7261264 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Habib G. Zalzal ◽

Jeffson Chung ◽

Jessica A. Perini

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Multinodular Goiter ◽

Thyroid Nodules ◽

Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Anaplastic Carcinoma ◽

Protective Measure ◽

Thyroid Malignancy ◽

Tracheal Compression ◽

Anaplastic Transformation ◽

Toxic Multinodular Goiter

Background. Undifferentiated anaplastic carcinoma rarely develops from chronic hyperthyroidism. Although acute hyperthyroidism can develop prior to anaplastic transformation, chronic hyperthyroidism was thought to be a protective measure against thyroid malignancy. Methods. A 79-year-old female presented acutely to the hospital with dyspnea. She had been taking methimazole for chronic hyperthyroidism due to toxic thyroid nodules, previously biopsied as benign. Upon admission, imaging showed tracheal compression, requiring a total thyroidectomy with tracheostomy for airway management. Results. Pathology demonstrated undifferentiated anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. The patient passed away shortly after hospital discharge. Despite treatment with methimazole for many years, abrupt enlargement of her toxic multinodular goiter was consistent with malignant transformation. Chronic hyperthyroidism and toxic nodules are rarely associated with thyroid malignancy, with only one previous report documenting association with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Conclusion. Progressive thyroid enlargement and acute worsening of previously controlled hyperthyroidism should promote concern for disease regardless of baseline thyroid function.

Download Full-text

The coexistence of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma: two case reports

Endocrine Abstracts ◽

10.1530/endoabs.35.p285 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Husniye Baser ◽

Mina Gulfem Kaya ◽

Sefika Burcak Polat ◽

Ersin Gurkan Dumlu ◽

Canan Altunkaya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Case Reports ◽

Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Papillary Thyroid

Download Full-text

Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid - clinicomorphological spectrum and review of literature

Journal of Pathology of Nepal ◽

10.3126/jpn.v1i1.4451 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 45-48 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A Ghosh ◽

N Nepal ◽

MD Gharti ◽

S Basnet ◽

M Baxi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Spindle Cell ◽

Neck Mass ◽

Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Anaplastic Carcinoma ◽

High Power Field ◽

The Mean ◽

Cell Variant ◽

Thyroid Malignancies ◽

Atypical Mitosis

Background: Thyroid cancer is fairly common. The worldwide annual incidence ranges from 0.5 to 10 cases per 100,000 people. Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma, comprising less than 10% of all thyroid carcinomas, remains one of the most virulent of all cancers in humans with a 10 year survival rate of only 0.1 %. In the present study we looked into the clinical, cytological and histological spectrum of anaplastic carcinoma and compared our experience with recent literature. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital based retrospective study from January 2000 to November 2010. Clinical, cytological and histopathological data of all the diagnosed anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cases were reviewed and analyzed. Results: Of the 59 thyroid malignancies diagnosed in the same period, 7 cases were anaplastic carcinoma. The mean age was 63 years and was predominantly found in females. All of the cases presented with a neck mass that lasted for a mean of 5.7 months. The mean tumor size was 14.9 cm and the most common sub-type was the spindle cell type. Atypical mitosis of more than 5 per high power field and necrosis was noted in all cases. Conclusion: Due to the markedly aggressive nature of this tumor and its association with areas of endemic thyroid disease, early diagnosis and aggressive therapy is essential, especially in the Himalayan and Sub-Himalayan belt. Keywords: Anaplastic carcinoma; Thyroid carcinoma; Spindle cell variant DOI: 10.3126/jpn.v1i1.4451 Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2011) Vol.1, 45-48

Download Full-text

Thyroid Carcinoma with Pituitary Metastases: 2 Case Reports and Literature Review

Case Reports in Endocrinology ◽

10.1155/2015/252157 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Weiying Lim ◽

Dawn Shaoting Lim ◽

Chiaw Ling Chng ◽

Adoree Yiying Lim

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Radioiodine Therapy ◽

Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Case Reports ◽

Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer ◽

Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Pituitary Metastases ◽

History Of ◽

Loss Of Appetite

We present 2 patients with pituitary metastases from thyroid carcinoma—the first from anaplastic thyroid carcinoma and the second from follicular thyroid carcinoma. The first patient, a 50-year-old lady, presented with 2-week history of hoarseness of voice, dysphagia, dyspnoea, and neck swelling. Imaging revealed metastatic thyroid cancer to lymph nodes and bone. Histology from surgery confirmed anaplastic thyroid cancer. She was found to have pituitary metastases postoperatively when she presented with nonvertiginous dizziness. She subsequently underwent radiotherapy and radioiodine treatment but passed away from complications. The second patient, a 65-year-old lady, presented with loss of appetite and weight with increased goitre size and dyspnoea. Surgery was performed in view of compressive symptoms and histology confirmed follicular thyroid carcinoma. Imaging revealed metastases to bone, lung, and pituitary. She also had panhypopituitarism with hyperprolactinemia and diabetes insipidus. She received radioiodine therapy but eventually passed away from complications.

Download Full-text

Does Surgery Improve the Survival of Patients with Advanced Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma?

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1177/019459989811800532 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 118 (5) ◽

pp. 728-731

Author(s):

WEN-TSOUNG LU ◽

Jen-Der Lin ◽

Hong-So Huang ◽

Tzu-Chieh Chao

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Distant Metastases ◽

Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Disease Group ◽

Localized Disease ◽

The Mean ◽

Group 2 ◽

Nonsurgical Patients ◽

Head Neck ◽

Group 1

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is one of the most lethal neoplasms, with poor prognosis being reported by most authors. The benefits of surgery for most cases of advanced disease remain controversial. In this study we asked the following question: Does surgical intervention alter outcomes for patients with advanced anaplastic thyroid carcinoma? Forty-six patients with advanced anaplastic thyroid carcinoma were analyzed. There were 20 patients with advanced localized disease (group 1), 15 of whom received surgery. Of the other 26 patients with evidence of distant metastases (group 2), 13 received surgery. For group 1 patients, the mean survival was 12.8 months versus 8.6 months in the surgical and nonsurgical subgroups ( p = 0.46). For group 2 patients, the mean survival was 3.5 months versus 2.8 months in the surgical and nonsurgical subgroups ( p = 0.72). These data suggest that surgery does not improve survival for patients with advanced anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. In conclusion, the mean survival showed no significant differences between surgical and nonsurgical patients ( p = 0.43). This study suggests that surgical resection does not improve the survival of patients with advanced anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1998;118:728–31.)

Download Full-text

Sorafenib in Japanese Patients with Locally Advanced or Metastatic Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma and Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma

Thyroid ◽

10.1089/thy.2016.0621 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (9) ◽

pp. 1142-1148 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Yasuhiro Ito ◽

Naoyoshi Onoda ◽

Ken-ichi Ito ◽

Iwao Sugitani ◽

Shunji Takahashi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Locally Advanced ◽

Japanese Patients ◽

Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Medullary Thyroid

Download Full-text

Lenvatinib in Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma (ATC) in a Tertiary Caner Hospital- a Single Institute Experience

Journal of Cancer and Tumor International ◽

10.9734/jcti/2021/v11i430156 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 7-10

Author(s):

Rakesh Sharma ◽

P. S. Dattatreya ◽

A. V. S. Suresh ◽

Ch Mohana Vamsy

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Side Effect ◽

Case Reports ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma ◽

Common Side Effect ◽

Good Clinical Response ◽

Rare Form ◽

Short Survival ◽

Effective Option

Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma (ATC) is an aggressive rare form of caner with limited treatment options and short survival. In view of initial case reports have shown some good clinical response with lenvatinib, we used the same in our institute. We are presenting a retrospective series of 4 cases between 2018-2021. It showed very promising results with 75% showing clinically meaningful regression of tumor. Hypertension is the most common side effect, which should be aggressively managed. We feel that, lenvatinib remains a safe and effective option to explore in patients with refractory anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.

Download Full-text