Thymic Dermoid Cyst: A Rare Anterior Mediastinal Mass

A 54-year-old man was referred to our institution with hemoptysis and hoarseness of 1 year's duration. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed an anterior mediastinal mass (2.5 cm x 1.0 cm), which was diagnosed as thymoma. The tumor was resected under a sternotomy. The tumor had invaded the anterior wall of the ascending aorta. With the patient under cardiopulmonary bypass, the aortic wall invaded by the mass was resected, and arterial reconstruction was performed with patch material. The tumor was revealed to be a tumor of neuronal origin. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 9. One year after the operation, a follow-up chest CT evaluation showed no specific complications or recurrence.

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A Case of Malignant Melanoma Arising in Mediastinal Malignant Teratoma

Case Reports in Pediatrics ◽

10.1155/2018/1306824 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Ikuma Nozaki ◽

Yumi Tone ◽

Junko Yamanaka ◽

Hideko Uryu ◽

Yuko Shimizu-Motohashi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Malignant Melanoma ◽

Malignant Transformation ◽

Poor Prognosis ◽

Mediastinal Mass ◽

Bone Biopsy ◽

Systematic Evaluation ◽

Anterior Mediastinal Mass ◽

Malignant Teratoma ◽

Experienced Pain

We report about a 14-year-old boy who presented with an anterior mediastinal mass that was diagnosed as malignant teratoma. Surgical resection was performed along with pre- and postoperative chemotherapy. Although elevated alpha-fetoprotein became negative, he experienced pain in his right hip joint 3 months after resection. Systematic evaluation revealed multiple locations of metastasis, and the pathological diagnosis based on bone biopsy was malignant melanoma originating from malignant teratoma, which rapidly progressed. He died 15 months after diagnosis of the original malignant teratoma. Diagnosing and treating malignant transformation of teratoma, including malignant melanoma, is difficult because it is very rare. To our knowledge, this is the second reported case of malignant melanoma arising from a mediastinum malignant teratoma, with both cases having a poor prognosis. In addition to the follow-up of tumor markers, systematic evaluation, including imaging, should be considered even after remission to monitor malignant transformation of teratoma. We expect to establish a successful therapy and improve mortality rate after more such cases are accumulated.

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Transient maintenance of tracheal patency upon the insertion of a flexible bronchoscope in a patient with an anterior mediastinal mass: a case report

JA Clinical Reports ◽

10.1186/s40981-021-00442-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Takayuki Hasegawa ◽

Shinju Obara ◽

Rieko Oishi ◽

Satsuki Shirota ◽

Jun Honda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Anesthesia ◽

Mediastinal Mass ◽

Balloon Dilation ◽

Maximum Flow ◽

Anterior Mediastinal Mass ◽

Positive Pressure ◽

Anesthesia Induction ◽

Flexible Bronchoscope ◽

Case Presentation ◽

Tracheal Collapse

Abstract Background Patients with an anterior mediastinal mass are at risk of perioperative respiratory collapse. Case presentation A 74-year-old woman with a large anterior mediastinal mass that led to partial tracheal collapse (shortest diameter, 1.3 mm) was scheduled for tracheobronchial balloon dilation and stent placement under general anesthesia. Although veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO) had been established, maximum flow was limited to 1.6 L/min, and general anesthesia induction was followed by hypoxia probably due to inadequate ventilation. A flexible bronchoscope was inserted through the tracheal lumen that was being compressed by the anterior mass; this not only increased tracheal patency but also enabled positive pressure ventilation and resulted in recovery from hypoxia. Scheduled procedures were successfully performed without complications. Conclusion We describe a case wherein tracheal patency was transiently maintained by inserting a flexible bronchoscope in a patient with an anterior mediastinal mass.

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Micronodular Thymoma With Lymphoid Stroma: A Trio of Cases, With Diverse-associated Histological Features

International Journal of Surgical Pathology ◽

10.1177/10668969211001110 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 106689692110011

Author(s):

Neha Bakshi ◽

Shashi Dhawan ◽

Seema Rao ◽

Kishan Singh Rawat

Keyword(s):

Mediastinal Mass ◽

Single Case ◽

Case Reports ◽

Good Prognosis ◽

Anterior Mediastinal Mass ◽

Histological Features ◽

Lymphoid Stroma ◽

Thymic Cysts ◽

Robotic Thymectomy ◽

Conventional Type

Introduction. Micronodular thymoma with lymphoid stroma (MNTLS) is a rare thymoma subtype characterized by distinctive histological appearance, unique clinical profile, and indolent course with good prognosis. In addition to its distinctive morphology, MNTLS may be associated with diverse histological features, such as thymic cysts and conventional thymoma, complicating the diagnostic picture further. Materials and methods. We report herein an account of 3 elderly patients (male—02; female—01), who presented with anterior mediastinal mass, and underwent robotic thymectomy. Microscopic examination revealed MNTLS in all 3 cases. In addition, 2 cases showed associated histological features in the form of a multilocular thymic cyst and conventional (type B2) thymoma, respectively. All 3 patients are doing well without recurrence or metastasis at 34, 28, and 19 months postsurgery. Conclusions. Awareness of this rare thymoma subtype is vital among pathologists to avoid misdiagnosis and ensure appropriate patient management. To date, only a few cases of this rare thymoma subtype have been reported in the literature, mostly as single case reports.

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