scholarly journals Magnesium Administration For COPD Exacerbation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
Hala Alzaid ◽  
Fay Aldossari ◽  
Sharafaldeen Bin Nafisah
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Risk Ratio ◽  
Pulmonary Function Test ◽  
Magnesium Sulphate ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Copd Exacerbation ◽  
Function Test ◽  
The Mean

BACKGROUND The role of magnesium in patients with acute chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation remains to be determined. AIM We aim to explore the effect of magnesium on COPD exacerbation, as well as its impact on pulmonary function tests and on hospital admissions for acute exacerbation in the emergency department. METHODS This is a systematic review and meta-analysis that included a search of the keywords "magnesium" and "COPD" on PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane databases, and Gray literature (ClinicalTrials.gov and World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform) from 1963 to May 2021. RESULTS The use of IV magnesium reduced the risk ratio for admission RR= 0.85 (95% CI 0.62 to 1.17). The combined risk ratio for admission increased to 0.95 when we added nebulised magnesium sulphate (95% CI 0.85 to 1.07), p>0.05. The mean score for improvement after IV magnesium was higher (M=16.75, SD=5.11) than the mean score before its administration (M=8.74, SD=8.85), t(4)=-2.57, p=0.031. Thus, the use of IV magnesium sulphate results in a 91.64% improvement in the pulmonary function test. CONCLUSION IV magnesium sulphate improves the pulmonary function test of patients with acute COPD exacerbation in the ED, and possibly reduces the admission rate.

scholarly journals Radiological and functional lung sequelae of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matsuo So ◽  
Hiroki Kabata ◽  
Koichi Fukunaga ◽  
Hisato Takagi ◽  
Toshiki Kuno
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Pulmonary Function Test ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Function Test

Abstract Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes a wide spectrum of lung manifestations ranging from mild asymptomatic disease to severe respiratory failure. We aimed to clarify the characteristics of radiological and functional lung sequelae of COVID-19 patients described in follow-up period. Method PubMed and EMBASE were searched on January 20th, 2021 to investigate characteristics of lung sequelae in COVID-19 patients. Chest computed tomography (CT) and pulmonary function test (PFT) data were collected and analyzed using one-group meta-analysis. Results Our search identified 15 eligible studies with follow-up period in a range of 1–6 months. A total of 3066 discharged patients were included in these studies. Among them, 1232 and 1359 patients were evaluated by chest CT and PFT, respectively. The approximate follow-up timing on average was 90 days after either symptom onset or hospital discharge. The frequency of residual CT abnormalities after hospital discharge was 55.7% (95% confidential interval (CI) 41.2–70.1, I2 = 96.2%). The most frequent chest CT abnormality was ground glass opacity in 44.1% (95% CI 30.5–57.8, I2 = 96.2%), followed by parenchymal band or fibrous stripe in 33.9% (95% CI 18.4–49.4, I2 = 95.0%). The frequency of abnormal pulmonary function test was 44.3% (95% CI 32.2–56.4, I2 = 82.1%), and impaired diffusion capacity was the most frequently observed finding in 34.8% (95% CI 25.8–43.8, I2 = 91.5%). Restrictive and obstructive patterns were observed in 16.4% (95% CI 8.9–23.9, I2 = 89.8%) and 7.7% (95% CI 4.2–11.2, I2 = 62.0%), respectively. Conclusions This systematic review suggested that about half of the patients with COVID-19 still had residual abnormalities on chest CT and PFT at about 3 months. Further studies with longer follow-up term are warranted.

Significance of the pulmonary function test for the diagnosis of subglottic stenosis: a systematic review

B-ENT ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-239
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz Alrabiah ◽  
◽  
Mohammed Jomah ◽  
Shatha Alduraywish ◽  
Shaffi Shaikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Test ◽  
Subglottic Stenosis ◽  
Function Test

scholarly journals Importance of Pre Operative Pulmonary Function Test to Predict Risk of Pulmonary Complications after Abdominal Surgery- An Evidence Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-243
Author(s):  
Krupa Pareshbhai Patel ◽  
Anjali Bhise
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Test ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Pulmonary Complications ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Function Test

Background: Spirometry is a universal, simple, and non-invasive pulmonary function test. Spirometry, along with calculation of the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC), is helpful for diagnosing obstructive or restrictive lung disease. Postoperative Pulmonary Complications are defined as unintended pulmonary abnormalities that occur as a result of surgery which cause identifiable dysfunction. Purpose: To find the evidence showing the importance of pre-operative PFT to predict risk of pulmonary complications after abdominal surgery Methodology: The study was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis guidelines. Evidences selected since year 2002- 2020 from PubMed, Google Scholar, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), ResearchGate and ScienceDirect. Key words used were: Pulmonary Function Tests, Post-Operative Pulmonary Complications, and Abdominal Surgery. Analysis was done using 2 scales: Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Levels of Evidence Scale. Total 12 articles were found. Among them 10 were selected. Results: 5 articles showed that preoperative PFT is important in prediction of PPCs while the other half concluded that routine preoperative spirometry is not necessary before non-thoracic surgeries. Conclusion: Based on evidences, in the nutshell it is reviewed that there is controversy regarding the value of preoperative pulmonary functions test in non-thoracic surgeries. Keywords: Pulmonary Function Tests, Post-Operative Pulmonary Complications, and Abdominal Surgery

scholarly journals Is There a Role for Tranexamic Acid in Upper GI Bleeding? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Eoghan Burke ◽  
Patricia Harkins ◽  
Ibrahim Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Tranexamic Acid ◽  
Risk Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Thromboembolic Events ◽  
Gi Bleeding ◽  
Upper Gi Bleeding ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
The Mean

Introduction. Upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic agent which is licensed in the management of haemorrhage associated with trauma. It has been suggested that tranexamic acid may be able to play a role in upper GI bleeding. However, there is currently no recommendation to support this. Aim. The aim of this study was to synthesise available evidence of the effect of TXA on upper GI bleeding. Methods and Materials. A systematic review was conducted. PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were searched for relevant studies. A random effects meta-analysis was performed to determine the risk ratio of primary and secondary outcomes pertaining to the use of TXA in upper GI bleeding. Results. A total of 8 studies were included in this systematic review. The total number of patients in all studies was 12994 including 4550 females (35%) and 8444 males (65%). The mean age of participants in 6 of the studies was 59.3; however the mean age for either intervention or placebo group was not reported in two of the studies. All studies reported on the effect of TXA on mortality, and the risk ratio was 0.95; however, with the 95% CI ranging from 0.80 to 1.13, this was not statistically significant. 6 of the studies reported on rebleeding rate, the risk ratio was 0.64, and with a 95% CI ranging from 0.47 to 0.86, this was statistically significant. 3 of the studies reported on the risk of adverse thromboembolic events, and the risk ratio was 0.93; however, the 95% CI extended from 0.62 to 1.39 and so was not statistically significant. 7 of the studies reported on the need for surgery, and the risk ratio was 0.59 and was statistically significant with a 95% CI ranging from 0.38 to 0.94. Conclusion. In conclusion, the use of TXA in upper GI bleeding appears to have a beneficial effect in terms of decreasing the risk of re-bleeding and decreasing the need for surgery. However, we could not find a statistically significant effect on need for blood transfusions, risk of thromboembolic events, or effect on mortality. Future randomised controlled trials may elucidate these outcomes.

scholarly journals Usefulness of the PET/CT to predict the progression and mortality risk in patients with diffuse interstitial lung disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Morales Chacón ◽  
Marta Garcia García-Esqu ◽  
Aida Ortega Candil ◽  
Irene Serrano García ◽  
José Luis Álvarez-Sala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Pulmonary Function Test ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Function Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Medium Correlation

Abstract Objective: to assess the capacity of the PET/CT to predict pulmonary function deterioration and increased mortality risk in patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) and to establish a possible SUVmax cutoff which identifies these patients. Material and methods: retrospective study between January 2007-December 2020. Inclusion criteria: patients > 18 years of age, diagnosed with IIP by PET/CT and pulmonary function test, with less than 6 months’ difference between the two tests. A study was made of the outcome variables associated with the PET/CT, the pulmonary function test measured at 2 stages (initially at the time of the PET/CT and at the end of follow-up), the mortality risk (using the GAP index) and the relationship between them all. Other variables of interest observed were age, sex, department requesting the PET/CT, indication, and the presence of lung cancer (LC). The statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS program. Results: 39 patients were analysed: 34 males (87%), with an age of 75 ± 8 years (mean ± DS). The mean ± SD of the SUVmax was 2.57 ± 1.17, with a statistically insignificant difference (p = 0.670) between patients with and without lung cancer. LC was confirmed in 21 cases (54%). There is a small inverse correlation between the SUVmax and the initial and final predicted FVC% (r= -0.154, r= -0.252), together with a medium correlation for the initial and final predicted DLCO% (r= -0.523, r= -0.514). The mean ± SD of the GAP index was 3.77 ± 1.08. There is a medium correlation between the SUVmax and the mortality risk of stages I and II (r = 0.468). By means of ROC curve analysis, an SUVmax of 2.2 was established to predict the fall of the FVC below 80%, of 1.9 to predict the fall of the DLCO below 60%, and of 2.15 to predict the progression from GAP stage I to II in mortality risk. Conclusions: There is an inverse correlation between the SUVmax and the pulmonary function, together with a direct relationship between the SUVmax and the mortality risk.

scholarly journals Pulmonary function of patients with 2019 novel coronavirus induced pneumonia: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongqing Lv ◽  
Xi Chen ◽  
Linghong Mao ◽  
Jiao Sun ◽  
Guixian Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Test ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Severe Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background: Pulmonary fibrosis is a common complication in patients with viral pneumonia, which causes restricted ventilation disorders and affects the prognosis of patients. However, the pulmonary function of patients with 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19)-induced pneumonia has not yet been reported.Methods: A retrospective analysis of 137 patients with COVID-19-induced pneumonia who were discharged from the Enze Hospital, Taizhou Enze Medical Center (Group), from January 31, 2020, to March 11, 2020. Follow-up occurred two weeks after hospital discharge, whereupon patients received a pulmonary function test. Results: Of the 137 patients who received a pulmonary function test two weeks after discharge, 51.8% were male, and the mean age was 47 years. Only 19.7% of the patients were identified as having severe novel coronavirus pneumonia. The pulmonary function test showed that for a small number of patients ((FEV1/FVC)/% <70%,) the mean ICV and FVC was 2.4±0.7 L, 3.2±0.8 L, respectively. In severe cases, 88.9% of patients had an IVC <80% of the predicted value and 55.6% of patients had an FVC <80% of the predicted value. The MEF25, MEF50, and MEF75 <70% values were 55.6%, 40.7%, and 25.9%, respectively. In the non-severe group, 79.1% of patients has an IVC <80% of the predicted value, and 16.4% of patients had an FVC <80% of the predicted value. The mean MEF25, MEF50, and MEF75 <70% values were 57.3%, 30%, and 13.6%, respectively.Conclusions: In this study, the results suggest that the pulmonary function of patients with 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19)-induced pneumonia manifested as restrictive ventilation disorder and small airway obstruction. The incidence was increased among critically ill patients.Trial registration number: ChiCTR2000029866.

Air Trapping on HRCT in Asthmatics: Correlation with Pulmonary Function Test

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Jung Hwa Hwang ◽  
Chull Hee Cha ◽  
Jai Soung Park ◽  
Young Beom Kim ◽  
Hae Kyung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Test ◽  
Air Trapping ◽  
Function Test

Pulmonary function test in Petrol Pump workers of Ahmedabad

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 380-381
Author(s):  
Dr. Rajula Tyagi ◽  
◽  
Dr.Devanshi U Dr.Devanshi U
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Test ◽  
Function Test ◽  
Petrol Pump

Interventions to Reduce Alcohol Harms in Low and Middle Income Countries: a Systematic Review and Meta Analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joao Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Brief Motivational Intervention ◽  
Randomized Controlled

BackgroundHarmful alcohol use leads to a large burden of disease and disability which disportionately impacts LMICs. The World Health Organization and the Lancet have issued calls for this burden to be addressed, but issues remain, primarily due to gaps in information. While a variety of interventions have been shown to be effective at reducing alcohol use in HICs, their efficacy in LMICs have yet to be assessed. This systematic review describes the current published literature on alcohol interventions in LMICs and conducts a meta analysis of clinical trials evaluating interventions to reduce alcohol use and harms in LMICs.MethodsIn accordance with PRISMA guidelines we searched the electronic databases Pubmed, EMBASE, Scopus,Web of Science, Cochrane, and Psych Info. Articles were eligible if they evaluated an intervention targeting alcohol-related harm in LMICs. After a reference and citation analysis, we conducted a quality assessment per PRISMA protocol. A meta-analysis was performed on the 39 randomized controlled trials that evaluated an alcohol-related outcome.ResultsOf the 3,801 articles from the literature search, 87 articles from 25 LMICs fit the eligibility and inclusion criteria. Of these studies, 39 randomized controlled trials were included in the meta-analysis. Nine of these studies focused specifically on medication, while the others focused on brief motivational intervention, brain stimulation, AUDIT-based brief interventions, WHO ASSIST-based interventions, group based education, basic screening and interventions, brief psychological or counseling, dyadic relapse prevention, group counseling, CBT, motivational + PTSD based interview, and health promotion/awareness. Conclusion Issues in determining feasible options specific to LMICs arise from unstandardized interventions, unequal geographic distribution of intervention implementation, and uncertain effectiveness over time. Current research shows that brain stimulation, psychotherapy, and brief motivational interviews have the potential to be effective in LMIC settings, but further feasibility testing and efforts to standardize results are necessary to accurately assess their effectiveness.

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