Estimation of urinary delta aminolevulinic acid levels in gasoline and petrol pump workers as an index of lead exposure

Lead poisoning is a phenomenon which with growing globalization is being a subject of worry.ALA i.e Amino levulinic acid is a precursor of hemoglobin, which is synthesized in mitochondria by two main components succinyl Co-A and glycine in presence of ALA-S i.e. amino levulinic acid-synthase. Urinary ALA (ALA-U) has been a recommended biomarker for lead exposure. Inhibition of Amino levulinic acid-dehydratase (ALA-D) results into activation of ALA-S which further synthesizes ALA, excess of ALA is accumulated in the blood, plasma, urine. Present manuscript is focused on the estimation of levels of ALA in the urine of gasoline and pertol pump workers, by acidifying the urine to extract out ALA and reading it colorimetrically as they are exposed to fumes released by gasoline, petrol, and petroleum products which contains lead. Awareness and safety measures such as protective masks and gears should be provided by the respective organisations to the workers.

Spirometric Values of petrol pump workers of Lahore: A cross sectional study

Background: Petrol pump workers are exposed to air pollution and fumes of petrol and diesel that may lead to poor lung function followed by chronic diseases, where the city is highly polluted. Aim: To determine lung functioning capacity by spirometry among petrol pump workers Methods: A cross sectional study was designed and conducted in the pulmonology department of Mayo, hospital Lahore. Two seventy five (275) subjects were enrolled in the study after fulfilling the inclusion/exclusion criteria and giving informed consent by consecutive sampling. Information like name, age, weight, height, duration of working was recorded. Spirometry was performed to calculate FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC ratio. Data was entered and analyzed by SPSS version 23. Mean and standard deviation of age, height, weight, and work duration, Spirometric values for lung functions (FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC Ratio) were calculated. Data was divided into groups by age and work duration and spirometric values for lung functions were compared in these groups. T test & Pearson correlation was used for analysis and p value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Participant age was 28.75±6.89.FEV1 was2.35±0.44, FVC 3.18±0.66 and FVC 74.91+9.40. FEV1 & FEV1/FVC ratio were significantly different (p<0.05) in age groups (<30, ≥30) & work duration groups(<8, ≥8yeras). Negative Correlation was found between work duration & lung functions (FEV1, FEV1/FVC ratio). Conclusion: Spirometric values were lower in petrol pump workers. Age and working duration further affects lung function of petrol pump workers. Keywords: FVC, FEV1, Spirometer, Petrol Pump Workers, Pulmonology

Spirometric Values of petrol pump workers of Lahore - A cross sectional study

Background: Petrol pump workers are exposed to air pollution and fumes of petrol and diesel that may lead to poor lung function followed by chronic diseases, where the city is highly polluted. Aim: To determine lung functioning capacity by spirometry among petrol pump workers Methods: A cross sectional study was designed and conducted in the pulmonology department of Mayo, hospital Lahore. Two seventy five (275) subjects were enrolled in the study after fulfilling the inclusion/exclusion criteria and giving informed consent by consecutive sampling. Information like name, age, weight, height, duration of working was recorded. Spirometry was performed to calculate FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC ratio. Data was entered and analyzed by statistical software SPSS version 23. Mean and standard deviation of age, height, weight, and work duration, Spirometric values for lung functions (FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC Ratio) were calculated. Data was divided into groups by age and work duration and spirometric values for lung functions were compared in these groups. T test & Pearson correlation was used for analysis and p value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Participant age was 28.75±6.89.FEV1 was2.35±0.44, FVC 3.18±0.66 and FVC 74.91+9.40. FEV1 & FEV1/FVC ratio were significantly different (p<0.05) in age groups(<30, ≥30) & work duration groups(<8, ≥8yeras). Negative Correlation was found between work duration & lung functions (FEV1, FEV1/FVC ratio). Conclusion: Spirometric values were lower in petrol pump workers. Age and working duration further affects lung function of petrol pump workers. Keywords: FVC, FEV1, Spirometer, Petrol Pump Workers, Pulmonology

RFID Based Petrol Pump Automation System

Everything has been digitized. In many existing systems, almost all petrol pumps have a controlling unit to perform the tasks like managing the electrical pump, drive the display, measure the flow & accordingly turn OFF the electrical pump. But still a person is required to collect the money and there is card to access petrol at different petrol stations of different petrol companies across the country and here, we are connecting all these petrol stations using single web server This web server access is secured by a password which is known only to the petrol companies. Whenever we want to fill the tank from the fuel dispenser, we just have to place the RFID card near the RFID reader

Smart automatic petrol pump system based on internet of things

IoT is that a rapid expanding program presently for blend all equipment things like (sensors, gadgets, hardware and so on.) assemble and embed those with programming creating our own gadgets use The petroleum pump is these days running physically. it's an activity that fundamentally a drawnout time and requires more workforce. Additionally, put fuel stations in away zones is extermely costly. So achievement an automatic fuel filling system using web technology to solve these problems. There are dense proposed systems which goal to improve the fueling operation so as to form it less difficulty and more dependabl and more-safe, guarinte that the purchaser gets the same quantity of fuel in interchange for what he/she pays, so assist to end fraud at different fuel stations. these systems take human-software interaction by the web-enabeled procedure, thus keep off all errors made by people. The fundamental objective of this review paper is to survey of recent projects in design protype of smart petro pump based on RFID as payment tool and control on it remotely with high security level and concluded with future potential direction in design of smart petrol pump system.