Long-Lived Asset Impairments in the Shipping Industry and the Impact on Financial Statement Ratios: Comparing U.S. GAAP and IFRS Standards

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Penner ◽  
Jerry Kreuze ◽  
Sheldon Langsam
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Shipping Industry ◽  
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Asset Impairment ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Asset Impairments ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Us Gaap

In this paper, we investigate asset impairment standards particularly as they relate to differences between United States generally accepted accounting principles (US GAAP) and international financial reporting standards (IFRS) for the impairment of long-lived assets in the shipping industry and the corresponding impact on financial statement analysis ratios.  Our study provides evidence that return on assets and asset turnover ratios diverge significantly as a result of the difference between US GAAP and IFRS on asset impairments within the shipping industry.  Reporting differences between US GAAP and IFRS can impede the comparability of financial reporting.  Asset impairment accounting differences can have significant differences for companies reporting under these two accounting standards.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF ADOPTING IFRS STANDARD ON THE EQUITY COST OF BRAZILIAN OPEN CAPITAL COMPANIES

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 85-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAFAEL CONFETTI GATSIOS ◽  
JOSÉ MARCOS DA SILVA ◽  
MARCELO AUGUSTO AMBROZINI ◽  
ALEXANDRE ASSAF NETO ◽  
FABIANO GUASTI LIMA
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Accounting Standard ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Quality Of Accounting Information ◽  
Information Studies ◽  
Equity Cost ◽  
Mandatory Adoption ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aims to assess the impact of adopting IFRS standard on the equity cost of Brazilian open capital companies in the period of 2004-2013. Originality/gap/relevance/implications: The adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards aims to increase the quality of accounting information. Studies performed in Europe suggest that, after the adoption of the IFRS standard, there was a reduction in the equity cost of companies due to the reduction of information asymmetry and risk. Key methodological aspects: The equity cost was calculated using the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) adapted to the Brazilian case. The empirical strategy was the difference analysis in differences, comparing the results of companies that voluntarily adopted the IFRS with companies that adopted IFRS after the mandatory adoption period. Summary of key results: The results indicate that the adoption of the IFRS standard does not contribute to reduce the equity cost in Brazil. Key considerations/conclusions: Suggesting that the process of adopting the international accounting standard may take more time to impact the equity cost of Brazilian open capital companies, since the impact of IFRS is not related only with the adoption, but also with its use by companies and users.

scholarly journals The importance of information upon applying IFRS in financial entities that trade at the Colombian stock market

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (34) ◽  
pp. 137-152
Author(s):  
Miguel Angel Laverde Sarmiento ◽  
Jorge Fernando Garcia Carrillo ◽  
Juan Carlos Lezama Palomino ◽  
Alejandra Patiño Jacinto
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Stock Price ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
General Level ◽  
Market Exchange ◽  
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this research is to determine whether the implementation of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in the companies of the financial sector listed on the Colombian Stock Exchange has greater relevance compared to the previous accounting regulatory framework known as Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) in Colombia, for the years 2009 to 2016. Taking into account the concept of valorative relevance that indicates that the accounting information is relevant if it affects the stock price reflected in the capital market exchange. To determine this relationship, an adaptation of the model proposed by Ohlson (1995) is used, because it is the most frequently used to measure relevance. The modifications made to the model were to include accounting variables of financial instruments of assets and liabilities to better measure the impact of the IFRS. On a general level, the conclusion is reached that the valorative relevance of financial companies listed on the stock exchange between 2009 and 2016, does not change due to the application of the IFRS. The results are because the regulation that financial companies that are listed on the stock exchange of Colombia are subject to has contributed to the relevance being maintained before and after the application of the new regulatory framework. however, when carrying out the study of the information taking into account only the variables and taking into account the regulations under the IFRS, they present a greater degree of significance.

scholarly journals The Impact of Financial Statement Comparability on Earnings Management: Evidence from Frontier Markets

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Wil Martens ◽  
Prem W. S. Yapa ◽  
Maryam Safari
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Real Earnings Management ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Developed Markets ◽  
Accounting Comparability ◽  
The Impact

This paper examined whether financial statement comparability constrains opportunistic earnings management in frontier market countries. Using a large sample of 19 frontier market countries, and an accounting comparability method that maps comparability across several accounting standards, the results show that enhanced financial comparability constrains accruals earnings management (AEM). Contrary to developed markets and novel to this study, a significant relationship between financial comparability and real earnings management (REM) was not found. For greater robustness, AEM and REM were also tested on both International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) adopting and non-adopting countries. The results suggest IFRS adoption constrains AEM, yet exhibited no impact on constraining REM. Additionally, the use of BigN auditors failed to conclusively show an ability to moderate EM. When combined, the results suggest that frontier markets engage in less REM than expected. It is also noted that the legal roots (civil vs. common law) play a significant role in constraining earnings management. Common law countries exhibited lower AEM when comparability increased; this significance was not found in countries that were rooted in civil law. Contributions from this study show that findings from developed markets cannot be generalised to frontier markets.

The Impact of Mandatory IFRS Adoption on Accounting Quality: Evidence from Australia

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Lin Chua ◽  
Chee Seng Cheong ◽  
Graeme Gould
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Value Relevance ◽  
Accounting Quality ◽  
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Financial Firms ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mandatory Adoption ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Following the mandatory implementation of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in Australia as of January 1, 2005, this study examines its impact on accounting quality by focusing on three perspectives: (1) earnings management, (2) timely loss recognition, and (3) value relevance. Using four years of adoption experience since the mandate was first made effective in Australia for a wide range of accounting-based metrics and market-based information, we find that the mandatory adoption of IFRS has resulted in better accounting quality than previously under Australian generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). In particular, the findings indicate that the pervasiveness of earnings management by way of smoothing has reduced, while the timeliness of loss recognition has improved post-adoption. Additionally, the value relevance of financial statement information has improved, especially for non-financial firms. This is despite the fact that there is evidence to suggest that financial firms are engaged in managing earnings toward a small positive target after the mandatory adoption of IFRS in Australia.

Value relevance and market valuation of assets measured using IFRS and US GAAP in the US equity market

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Cipriano ◽  
Elizabeth T. Cole ◽  
John Briggs
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Value Relevance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Market Valuation ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ◽  
Book Value ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Us Gaap

Purpose Studies show firms reporting using Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States (US GAAP) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) are similarly valued in the market, however, these studies are limited due to the noise present in international studies from regulatory differences. This study aims to eliminate much of this noise by using a cleaner sample of all listings with the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC). This paper also looks at more detailed book value figures. Design/methodology/approach There have been previous studies on the differences in market valuation of firms reporting using IFRS vs US GAAP. Most of this research is confounded with difficulties due to different regulatory environments and volatile time periods. The study uses cleaner data following the SEC’s acceptance of IFRS financials without a 20-F Reconciliation. The authors use a large sample of non-US firms trading on US exchanges choosing to use either US GAAP or IFRS for SEC reporting purposes. The sample period starts two years after the SEC’s acceptance of IFRS financials without a 20-F reconciliation and is larger than earlier samples. Findings The authors show that there is no difference between IFRS and US GAAP firms’ overall value relevance, however, earnings are more value relevant when measured using IFRS and book value is more value relevant when measured using US GAAP. The authors find that the difference between US GAAP and IFRS can be explained, at least in part, by greater market multiples being placed on inventories and goodwill using US GAAP. This is offset in part by greater multiples being placed on other assets under IFRS. Originality/value The authors replicate earlier studies but also extend with a better sample and more detailed finings.

scholarly journals Continued Impact of International Financial Reporting Standards on U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Sylwia Gornik-Tomaszewski ◽  
Victoria Shoaf
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Fair Value ◽  
International Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Reporting Standards ◽  
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Accounting Principles ◽  
Value Measurement ◽  
The Impact

The milestone outcomes of over a decade of close cooperation between the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) on the convergence of U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (U.S. GAAP) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) have been highly publicized in the professional media. Great attention has been paid to such joint FASB and IASB projects as accounting for business combinations, fair value measurement, and revenue recognition. The impact of U.S. GAAP on IFRS has also been discussed and highlighted in many professional and academic resources. It should come as no surprise since FASB is considered a world leader in creating high-quality standards through an exemplary standard-setting process. In this paper, we look at the least noticed outcome of the convergence process: the impact of IFRS on U.S. GAAP. We reviewed all of the Accounting Standards Updates (ASUs) to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification®, from the first issued in June 2009 to 2016, and listed instances where U.S. GAAP was significantly modified to reflect international solutions. These examples of U.S. GAAP modifications indicate that the impact of IFRS on U.S. GAAP continued well after the bilateral cooperation between FASB and IASB effectively ended in 2014. Furthermore, look at the most recent FASB pronouncement let us conclude that the FASB continues to be engaged in seeking comparable global accounting solutions.

scholarly journals Wereldstandaard financiële verslaggeving: IFRS of US GAAP?

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 565-573
Author(s):  
Ruud Vergoossen ◽  
Frans Van Der Wel
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
International Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Reporting Standards ◽  
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Accounting Principles ◽  
Verenigde Staten ◽  
Us Gaap

De roep om een wereldstandaard voor de financiële verslaggeving is groot. De Europese Unie heeft gekozen voor de International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) die in 2005 worden ingevoerd, terwijl de Verenigde Staten blijven vasthouden aan de United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (US GAAP). Dit artikel gaat in op de implementatie van de IFRS in de Europese Unie en de obstakels die een consistente interpretatie en toepassing van de IFRS in de weg kunnen staan. Daarna worden de IFRS vergeleken met de US GAAP en komt de positie van de IFRS in de Verenigde Staten aan de orde. In een korte slotbeschouwing wordt een drietal scenario’s geschetst om te komen tot een wereldstandaard. Het scenario waarbij de IFRS en de US GAAP naar elkaar toegroeien, lijkt, gegeven de omstandigheden, het meest realistisch en wenselijk (convergentiestrategie).

scholarly journals The Conversion From US-GAAP To IFRS And Transfer Pricing: Irreconcilable Differences

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
Wagdy Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Intangible Assets ◽  
Transfer Pricing ◽  
Multinational Companies ◽  
International Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Reporting Standards ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Us Gaap

Purpose - This paper aims to discuss the challenges the switch from US GAAP into International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) pose multinational companies (MNCs); to investigate the transfer pricing of intangible assets with several important trends in the global market; to analyze and discuss the impact of the conversion on intangible assets’ transfer pricing decisions; and to make recommendations to help alleviate problems associated with transfer pricing when switching to IFRS. Design/methodology/approach - The author addresses the conflicts between using the International Financial Reporting Standards and the transfer pricing policies as the multinational companies make the switch from using GAAP to the IFRS and propose some remedies to the related problems. Findings - Transfer pricing systems of MNCs should be carefully reviewed and updated because financial statement information is used and comparability of that information between tested parties and companies to which they are compared is critical to achieving a reliable analysis to help MNCs achieving their global strategic objectives. Research limitations/implications - This research focused on the significant implications on the American MNCs’ transfer pricing strategic decisions resulting from the adoption of the IFRS in general. Further research is still needed to examine the impact of the conversion process on both foreign subsidiaries and the MNC as a whole in different industries.  Originality/value - The paper addresses an issue of significant implications on transfer pricing strategic decisions of intangible assets beyond financial reporting as a result of converting financial statements from U.S. GAAP to IFRS. 

5. International differences and standardization

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Nobes
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ◽  
International Differences ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Accounting Principles ◽  
Accounting Numbers ◽  
Accounting Rules ◽  
Us Gaap

Just how different can accounting numbers be for the same company under different accounting rules? Which countries use International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)? In what main ways is US ‘generally accepted accounting principles’ (US GAAP) different from IFRS? How have politics and economics affected accounting? ‘International differences and standardization’ shows how international standardization simplifies the preparation of financial statements covering whole international groups and how it improves the comparability of the accounting information for managers and investors. Differences between US GAAP and IFRS are considered: US GAAP is more detailed than IFRS and tends to be written in terms of rules rather than principles. It also has fewer options.

scholarly journals The Convergence of U.S. GAAP with IFRS: A Comparative Analysis of Principles-based and Rules-based Accounting Standards

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Oris Guillaume ◽  
Denel Pierre
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Accounting Standard ◽  
Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Future State ◽  
The Impact ◽  
International Accounting Standard ◽  
Single Set

The Financial Accounting Standard Board (FASB) and the International Accounting Standard Board (IASB) have been working jointly toward the convergence of the U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and the international financial reporting standards (IFRS). However, several arguments still exist as to whether or not U.S. companies should adopt or converge with IFRS. This qualitative study identified the differences noted between rules-based and principles-based accounting, and discussed the impact of these accounting standards on financial reporting. Additionally, several resources were analyzed to understand the path to convergence and the future state of IFRS. The examination of information regarding the transition towards one single set of accounting standards led to the development of two alternate conclusions. Although research allows for the belief that convergence with IFRS is imminent, the fact remains that FASB and IASB will need to work diligently in order to resolve the differences between the two sets of accounting standards.

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