Effective secondary principal decision-making during crisis situations

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Raymond Fryer
Author(s):  
Hobér Kaj

This chapter examines Part VII of the Energy Charter Treaty, which is entitled ‘Structure and Institutions’. Any signatory to the European Energy Charter may participate in negotiations envisioned in Article 33, ‘Energy Charter Protocols and Declarations’. A State or a Regional Economic Integration Organization may not, however, become a party to a Protocol or Declaration unless it becomes a Contracting Party to the ECT. Article 34 establishes the Energy Charter Conference, which is the principal decision-making body of the ECT. The Energy Charter Conference—at which each Contracting Party is entitled to have one representative—has political responsibility for the European Energy Charter, the ECT, and related instruments. Meanwhile, Article 35 is entitled ‘Secretariat’; The Secretariat organizes and administers the Charter Conference and its various bodies. Article 36 sets forth the voting rules at the meetings of the Charter Conference, while Article 37 concerns the funding principles. The activities of the Charter Conference and the Secretariat are funded by the Contracting Parties.


IEEE Access ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 59599-59617
Author(s):  
Alireza Nowroozi ◽  
Peyman Teymoori ◽  
Toktam Ramezanifarkhani ◽  
Mohammad Reza Besharati ◽  
Mohammad Izadi

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 477-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Moskowitz ◽  
Paul Drnevich ◽  
Okan Ersoy ◽  
Kemal Altinkemer ◽  
Alok Chaturvedi

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Seth Harrell

The purpose of this mixed methods study was to analyze school principal's perception and use of out-of-school suspension as a consequence to address student misbehavior. This study was conducted on current acting high school principals in the southeast region of a Midwestern state. Participants completed a survey that consisted of items related to principal decision making as well as the use of zero-tolerance policies to determine discipline outcomes. Survey items were designed to determine how out-of-school suspensions are used in relation to the use of principal discretion and zero-tolerance policies. Principals in this study were given the opportunity to participate in follow-up interviews where principals were asked more specific questions about their use of out-ofschool suspension as a form of student discipline. Study results found that principals felt the use of out-of-school suspension were an effective consequence to address student misbehavior. Principals felt they had the autonomy to use their discretion to determine the most appropriate consequence to address student misbehavior in their respective schools. Opinions were mixed on the use of zero-tolerance policies. A majority of surveyed participants felt that zero-tolerance policies were an effective method used to address student misbehavior. However, principals who were interviewed preferred to use their discretion over zero-tolerance policies when determining the most appropriate consequence because principals wanted to be able to consider all of the circumstances of a discipline situation. Principals concluded that out-of-school suspensions are necessary in-order to protect the learning environment for all students; however, there are inconsistencies in the use of such suspensions. These inconsistencies are present through the use of principal discretion and decision making, the use of zero-tolerance policies, the length of the suspension, and the unnecessary use of suspensions for minor discipline infractions.


Author(s):  
Lawrence Leung ◽  
Nancy Law

Decision making for professionals in crisis situations can be highly stressful and mission critical. It is a kind of naturalistic decision making (NDM), characterized by highly fluid situations under great stress and uncertainty and involving interprofessional teams. A major challenge to the effective handling of crisis situations is the tendency for the personnel involved to ignore alternatives and make irrational decisions, a phenomenon referred to as Groupthink. This chapter reports on a case study of the application of a set of design principles for an online role play simulation (RPS) in addressing Groupthink in crisis management professional training. The training effectiveness on participants' Groupthink tendency was investigated using Bale's interaction process analysis (IPA). The design principles underpinning the RPS training system is discussed in light of the findings.


Author(s):  
Lawrence Leung ◽  
Nancy Law

Decision making for professionals in crisis situations can be highly stressful and mission critical. It is a kind of naturalistic decision making (NDM), characterized by highly fluid situations under great stress and uncertainty and involving interprofessional teams. A major challenge to the effective handling of crisis situations is the tendency for the personnel involved to ignore alternatives and make irrational decisions, a phenomenon referred to as Groupthink. This chapter reports on a case study of the application of a set of design principles for an online role play simulation (RPS) in addressing Groupthink in crisis management professional training. The training effectiveness on participants' Groupthink tendency was investigated using Bale's interaction process analysis (IPA). The design principles underpinning the RPS training system is discussed in light of the findings.


Author(s):  
Jerzy ŁADYSZ

The article identifies the possibilities and areas of application of geographic information systems in the implementation of crisis management tasks in public administration and it analyzes examples of their use in crisis management. It has been shown that in crisis situations these systems help to take a reasoned decision that is close to the optimum, in contrast to the common practice of intuitive decision- making in emergency situations.


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