scholarly journals Journey of Tuberculosis Control in India: From then till now

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Forhad Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Regimen ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Drug Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Tuberculosis Control ◽  
Private Practitioners ◽  
Tuberculosis Control Programme ◽  
National Tuberculosis ◽  
Elimination Programme ◽  
History Of

The history of Tuberculosis control in India dates back to 1951 with mass vaccination with BCG and it started as a National Programme in 1962. Radical changes in the form of DOTS were incorporated with the start of Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) in 1997. Since then, TB control efforts have witnessed many changes in the form of daily DOTS, Injection free regimen for both drug sensitive & drug resistant TB, moving from fixed Categories of treatment regimen to Individualized treatment regimen based on prior Universal Drug susceptibility testing. Flexibility has been incorporated in the programme to accommodate Private practitioners in the form of various incentives. Introduction of Active case finding strategy has helped in early diagnosis leading to prompt treatments. Engagement of Community and leaders from all sectors and various organizations has helped to reach all communities in this fight against TB. India hopes to End TB by 2025 with rechristening the programme to National TB Elimination Programme (NTEP) and bringing in the much needed changes & flexibilities in the programme.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Factors Leading to Causation of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis among Cases Registered under Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme in East Sikkim – A Case Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 440-444
Author(s):  
Forhad Akhtar Zaman ◽  
Vijay Kumar Mehta ◽  
Shraddha Deokota
Keyword(s):  
Previous History ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Tuberculosis Control ◽  
National Tuberculosis Control Programme ◽  
Tuberculosis Control Programme ◽  
National Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
History Of ◽  
National Tuberculosis Control

BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) is a curable and preventable disease. Emergence of multi drug resistance TB (MDR TB) threatens to undo the progress made towards control of TB. While treatment is available for MDR TB, it is of a long duration and is also more expensive and toxic. Understanding the various factors that are associated with MDR TB may help to formulate and implement effective preventive practices for control of MDR TB. We wanted to assess the various epidemiological factors among MDR TB cases registered under Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) in East Sikkim and study the current & past TB treatment including adverse drug reactions. METHODS A community-based case control study was conducted over 4 months in the eastern district of Sikkim. MDR TB cases registered under Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) in the first two quarters of 2019 were compared with matched healthy controls. Data was collected by a door to door survey using a pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire and analysed on Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 20. RESULTS A total of 62 cases (14 non-respondents) of MDR TB were identified and were matched with 63 controls. 30.5 % cases were young adults in the age group 15 to 25 years, 66 % of the cases reported being currently unemployed, 16 % were homemakers, 11 % of cases fell below poverty line. A higher proportion of cases as compared to controls reported a habit of skipping a meal, poor housing conditions and comorbidities than controls. A known history of contact with a case of tuberculosis was given by 11.3 % cases; 18 % cases gave a previous history of TB; about 51 % cases reported a delay in diagnosis which delayed treatment initiation. CONCLUSIONS Previous history of TB with history of relapse / failure, contact of MDR TB emerged as the most significant risk factors and presence of comorbid conditions like diabetes & hypertension can be used to indicate higher risks of drug resistance. KEYWORDS Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis, MDR TB, Case control, Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme, Sikkim

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