scholarly journals SOIL FAUNA AND LEAF LITTER DECOMPOSITION IN DIFFERENT SUCCESSIONAL STAGES OF A SUBMOUNTAINOUS SEASONAL SEMIDECIDUOUS FOREST

FLORESTA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 429
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Camara ◽  
Marcos Gervasio Pereira ◽  
Luciano Oliveira Toledo ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Gabriel Menezes
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Soil Fauna ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Leaf Litter Decomposition ◽  
Successional Stage ◽  
Semideciduous Forest ◽  
Litter Bags ◽  
Successional Stages ◽  
Seasonal Semideciduous Forest

In tropical forests, the stage of ecological succession influences the nutrient cycling. This study aimed to analyze soil fauna community structure, composition, and leaf litter decomposition in fragments of intermediate-successional and late-successional Submountainous Seasonal Semideciduous Forest (ISF and LSF, respectively). We used a square metal frame to collect 10 samples of the leaf litter layer and surface soil (0.00-0.05 m depth) from each area in the wet and dry seasons. Soil fauna individuals were then extracted using a modified Berlese-Tüllgren funnel. For analysis of leaf litter decomposition, 15 litter bags containing 30 g of senescent leaves were randomly placed on the forest floor of each area in the dry season, and three bags were collected after 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 days. LSF presented higher value of richness and was more associated with Diptera and Formicidae. There was no clear pattern in evenness and diversity with successional stage. The dissimilarity between ISF and LSF in terms of soil fauna community was greater in the dry season. Litter decomposition was almost identical in both areas.

scholarly journals SOIL SEED BANK IN SEASONAL SEMIDECIDUOUS FOREST AND ABANDONED PASTURE

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 991-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sustanis Horn Kunz ◽  
Sebastião Venâncio Martins
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Successional Stage ◽  
Semideciduous Forest ◽  
Regeneration Stage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Successional Stages ◽  
Pasture Area ◽  
Seasonal Semideciduous Forest

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to characterize the seed bank in the soil of different successional stages of Seasonal Semideciduous Forest and abandoned pasture in order to understand the natural regeneration potential of these areas. At each successional stage, 30 samples of soil were collected in the rainy and dry seasons to evaluate the qualitative heterogeneity of the forest, at the regeneration stage (FEA) forest, intermediate regeneration stage forest (ISF) and pasture (PAS). The species were classified according to the life form, successional group and dispersion syndrome. The number of individuals germinated was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in the ISF and in the rainy season (15,949 individuals). Richness was higher in the pasture area (79 species), with a significant difference only between the environments. Most species are herbaceous (49.5%), pioneers (76.5%) and zoocory was the main dispersion syndrome (49% of species). The results show that seed bank in the fragment of the regeneration advanced stage forest presents the highest resilience potential, since it is formed by different life forms and, mainly, by early and late secondary species.

scholarly journals REGENERAÇÃO NATURAL DE FLORESTA ESTACIONAL SEMIDECIDUAL EM DIFERENTES ESTÁGIOS SUCESSIONAIS (ZONA DA MATA, MG, BRASIL)

FLORESTA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sustanis Horn Kunz ◽  
Sebastião Venâncio Martins
Keyword(s):  
Natural Regeneration ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Detrended Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Successional Stage ◽  
Semideciduous Forest ◽  
Regeneration Stage ◽  
Successional Stages ◽  
Seasonal Semideciduous Forest

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a estrutura e a composição florística da regeneração natural de trechos de Floresta Estacional Semidecidual em diferentes estágios sucessionais. Para a estrutura fitossociológica, foram demarcadas sistematicamente 10 parcelas de 5 x 10 m em trecho de floresta em estágio médio de regeneração (FEM), floresta em estágio avançado de regeneração (FEA) e pastagem abandonada (PAS), sendo amostrados os indivíduos com altura ≥ 50 cme diâmetro à altura do solo ≤ 5 cm. Foi realizada análise de correspondência retificada e análise de espécies indicadoras de cada trecho. Na estrutura da regeneração natural da FEM e da pastagem, houve destaque de apenas uma espécie (Psychotria sessilis e Vernonia polyanthes, respectivamente) quanto ao Valor de Importância (VI), devido principalmente à alta densidade. Já na FEA não foi observada forte dominância por uma espécie. As três áreas apresentaram-se distintas quanto à abundância e composição de espécies, sugerindo que a matriz florestal é composta por um mosaico sucessional. Além disso, cada trecho ainda mantém espécies indicadoras características, de acordo com o estágio sucessional em que se encontram, razão pela qual ações de manejo e enriquecimento poderiam ser adotadas para acelerar o processo de sucessão.Palavras-chave: Composição florística; conservação; estrutura; sucessão secundária. AbstractNatural regeneration of seasonal semideciduous forest in different successional stages (Zona da Mata, MG, Brazil). The objective of this study was to evaluate the floristic structure and composition of the natural regeneration of stretches from Seasonal Semideciduous Forest in different successional stages. Ten plots, 5 x 10 meters in size, were systematically delimited for phytosociological structure in patches of forest which were in intermediate regeneration stage (FEM), advanced regeneration stage (FEA) and abandoned pasture (PAS).We sampled the individuals with ≥ 50 cm in height and diameter at ground height ≤ 5 cm. We performed Detrended Correspondence Analysis and analysis of indicative species of each forest section. In the natural regeneration structure of FEM and pasture it was featured only one species (Psychotria sessilis and Vernonia polyanthes, respectively) in the Importance Value (IV), mainly due to high density. In relation to the FEA there was no strong dominance by one species. The three sections showed distinct species abundance and composition, which suggests that the forest matrix comprises a successional mosaic. Furthermore, each stretch still maintains indicative characteristic species, according to the successional stage they are in. Because of this, management and enrichment actions could be performed to accelerate the succession process.Keywords: Floristic composition; conservation; structure; secondary succession.

scholarly journals Avaliação da Atividade Alimentar dos Invertebrados de Solo em Campos do Sul do Brasil – Bait-Lamina Test

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 108-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Regina Podgaiski ◽  
Fernanda Schmidt Silveira ◽  
Milton Mendonça Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Soil Fauna ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Soil Invertebrates ◽  
Leaf Litter Decomposition ◽  
The South ◽  
Decomposition Rates ◽  
Campos Sulinos

Esse trabalho tem como finalidade fornecer informações sobre um teste pioneiro (bait-lamina test) utilizado nos Campos do Sul do Brasil com a finalidade de avaliar a atividade alimentar dos invertebrados do solo – um indicativo de taxas de decomposição da serapilheira nos ecossistemas. Descreve-se o comportamento alimentar durante dois meses, acessando a profundidade do solo (0-8 cm) na qual ocorre maior consumo e analisando duas formas de quantificação deste consumo (técnica conservativa X técnica prática) em dois diferentes ecossistemas campestres. Foram estabelecidas 100 unidades amostrais (u.a.) independentemente em cada área (pastejada e não pastejada), adicionando a cada uma duas bait-lamina, uma disposta horizontalmente na superfície do solo, e outra verticalmente dentro do solo. Para cada data amostral (9, 16, 22, 29 e 65 dias de exposição) foram sorteadas 20 u.a. para análise. Foi observado grande consumo desde o início da exposição, tanto na superfície quanto dentro do solo. A atividade da fauna diferiu com a profundidade do solo, sendo maior na superfície e na profundidade de 6,5-8 cm. Em relação às diferentes técnicas, ambas revelaram resultados similares quando se compararam as duas áreas. A área pastejada demonstrou menor atividade dos invertebrados quando comparada a não pastejada. Esses resultados constituem base para futuras pesquisas no Brasil, relatando que o teste de bait-lamina nos Campos Sulinos pode oferecer resultados otimizados após cerca de uma quinzena de dias de exposição. Evaluation of Soil Invertebrates Feeding Activity in South Brazilian Campos – Bait Lamina Test Abstract. The aim of this work is to inform about a pioneer bait-lamina test in the South Brazilian Campos to evaluate the soil invertebrates feeding activity which is an approaching to leaf litter decomposition rates in the ecosystems. The feeding activity was tested during two months, across 8 cm of soil depth and employing a comparison between two techniques of consumption quantification (conservative technique vs. practical technique) in two different grassland areas (grazed and not grazed) were described. One hundred independent sampling units (s.u.) were established on each area, and in each s.u. two bait-lamina were inserted: one horizontally and another vertically. For each sampling date (9, 16, 22, 29 e 65 days of exposition), 20 s.u. were sorted and analyzed. We observed a high feeding activity from the beginning of the experiments, both in the surface and within the soil. Soil fauna feeding activity differed according to soil depth, being higher on the surface and for 6.5-8 cm deep in the soil. Both techniques lead to similar results when the two areas were compared. The grazed site showed lower invertebrate feeding activity than the site not grazed. These findings constitute a basis for future researches in Brazil, relating that the bait-lamina test can offer useful results around fifteen days of exposition.

Aggregation of Lepidostomatidae in small mesh size litter-bags: implication to the leaf litter decomposition process

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aung Nanda ◽  
Takashi Asaeda ◽  
Takeshi Fujino ◽  
Kian Siong ◽  
Takashi Nakajima
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Decomposition Process ◽  
Leaf Litter Decomposition ◽  
Litter Bags

Effects of soil fauna on leaf litter decomposition under different land uses in eastern coast of China

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 973-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoling Yang ◽  
Wenwen Zhang ◽  
Hanmei Xu ◽  
Shaojun Wang ◽  
Xia Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Soil Fauna ◽  
Leaf Litter Decomposition ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Land Uses

Ants accelerate litter decomposition in a Costa Rican lowland tropical rain forest

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 437-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terrence P. McGlynn ◽  
Evan K. Poirson
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Tropical Rain Forests ◽  
Rain Forests ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Litter Bags ◽  
Lowland Rain Forest

Abstract:The decomposition of leaf litter is governed, in part, by litter invertebrates. In tropical rain forests, ants are dominant predators in the leaf litter and may alter litter decomposition through the action of a top-down control of food web structure. The role of ants in litter decomposition was investigated in a Costa Rican lowland rain forest with two experiments. In a mesocosm experiment, we manipulated ant presence in 50 ambient leaf-litter mesocosms. In a litterbag gradient experiment, Cecropia obtusifolia litter was used to measure decomposition rate constants across gradients in nutrients, ant density and richness, with 27 separate litterbag treatments for total arthropod exclusion or partial arthropod exclusion. After 2 mo, mass loss in mesocosms containing ants was 30.9%, significantly greater than the 23.5% mass loss in mesocosms without ants. In the litter bags with all arthropods excluded, decomposition was best accounted by the carbon: phosphorus content of soil (r2 = 0.41). In litter bags permitting smaller arthropods but excluding ants, decomposition was best explained by the local biomass of ants in the vicinity of the litter bags (r2 = 0.50). Once the microarthropod prey of ants are permitted to enter litterbags, the biomass of ants near the litterbags overtakes soil chemistry as the regulator of decomposition. In concert, these results support a working hypothesis that litter-dwelling ants are responsible for accelerating litter decomposition in lowland tropical rain forests.

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