Pelatihan Pengelolaan Sampah Di Lingkungan Kampus Fkip Unram Menggunakan Bioteknologi Em4 (Effective Microorganism 4) Menjadi Pupuk Bokashi

Selama ini pengelolaan sampah di lingkungan belum banyak dilakukan. Sampah yang ada hanya dibuang ke tempat sampah, Namun jika dikelola dengan baik maka lingkungan akan menjadi sehat dan mendatangkan keuntungan karena dapat dijadikan pupuk organik yang dapat digunakan untuk menyuburkan lahan pertanian dan mendukung pertanian ramah lingkungan yang diharapkan semua pihak. Di Kampus FKIP Unram belum mengelola sampah dengan mengubah sampah menjadi pupuk. Oleh karena itu perlu upaya untuk mengelola sampah yang ada menjadi pupuk bokashi dengan bioteknologi EM4. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini ialah mengimplementasikan bioteknologi EM4 untuk mengelola sampah menjadi pupuk bokashi. Metode yang digunakan meliputi ceramah, pelatihan, diskusi tanya jawab dan pendampingan pengelolaan sampah dengan bioteknologi EM4 di kampus FKIP Universitas Mataram. Hasil pengabdian sebagai berikut : 1). seluruh peserta antusias mengikuti kegiatan pengabdian pelatihan pengelolaan sampah di lingkungan Kampus FKIP Unram menggunakan Bioteknologi EM4 (Effective Microorganism) menjadi pupuk bokashi. 2). Materi pelatihan 100% peserta mengikuti dan memahami isi kegiatan pengabdian. 3). Hasil pelatihan dapat diterapkan dengan menghasilkan pupuk bokashi yang siap diaplikasikan untuk tanaman. Kesimpulan kegiatan ini adalah pengelolaan sampah dengan bioteknologi EM4 di Kampus FKIP Unram telah dilakukan dengan menghasilkan produk pupuk bokashi yang baik oleh peserta pengabdian.

Pembuatan Kompos Sampah Dapur dan Taman dengan Bantuan Aktivator EM4

<p>Pembuatan kompos dari sampah dapur dan taman dengan bantuan <em>effective microorganism</em> (EM4) dan <em>microorganism local</em> (MOL) telah dilakukan. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah memanfaatkan sampah yang ada di sekitar untuk dijadikan barang yang lebih berguna. EM4 merupakan kultur campuran dari mikroorganisme yang menguntungkan yang mengandung mikroorganisme fermentasi dan sintetik yang terdiri dari bakteri Asam Laktat (<em>Lactobacillus Sp</em>), bakteri Fotosentetik (<em>Rhodopseudomonas Sp</em>), <em>Actinomycetes Sp</em>, <em>Streptomyces Sp</em> dan Yeast (ragi) dan Jamur pengurai selulose. Bahan ini membantu fermentasi bahan organik tanah menjadi senyawa organik yang mudah diserap oleh akar tanaman. Proses pembuatan kompos dilakukan dengan mencampurkan sampah dapur dan taman dengan penambahan EM4. Proses fermentasi dilakukan variasi waktu 10, 14, 21, 26 dan 32 hari. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa semakin lama fermentasi kompos yang dihasilkan semakin baik dimana daun telah hancur berubah bentuk seperti tanah.</p><p><strong><em>Kitchen and Garden Waste Composting using EM4 Activator. </em></strong><em>Composting of kitchen and garden waste with the help of effective microorganisms (EM4) and microorganism local (MOL) has been carried out. The purpose of this activity is to use the waste to become more useful items. EM4 is a mixed culture of beneficial microorganisms. This material contains microorganisms consisting of lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus Sp), photosynthetic bacteria (Rhodopseudomonas Sp), Actinomycetes Sp, Streptomyces Sp, and yeast, and cellulose-decomposing fungi. This activator helps break down soil organic matter into organic compounds that are easily absorbed by plant roots. The composting was done by mixing kitchen and garden waste with the addition of EM4 and MOL. The fermentation process was carried out in variations of 10, 14, 21, 26, and 32 days. The results showed that the longer the fermentation time the better the compost was produced indicating by the leaves had crumbled into shape like the soil.</em></p>

Pemanfaatan Sampah Organik dalam Produksi Pupuk Bokashi di Gabungan Kelompok Tani Rinjani Kecamatan Singaran Pati Kota Bengkulu

The Use of Organic Waste in Bokashi Fertilizer Production at Farmers' Group Association of Rinjani in Singaran Pati District, Bengkulu City The continuous use of inorganic fertilizers by farmers results in disturbed soil fertility and nutrient deficiencies. So far, farmers' group association of Rinjani has also used inorganic fertilizers, which are quite expensive. Therefore, the purpose of this community service was to educate farmers on the farmers' group association of Rinjani on how to utilize organic waste from the surrounding environment to be processed into bokashi fertilizer. The ingredients used were leftover vegetables, fruits and dried leave. The Effective Microorganism 4 (EM4) was used as decomposer to speed up the composting process. The process of making bokashi fertilizer from vegetable and fruit waste was running smoothly. The bokashi obtained was very good. This was indicated by the characteristic of blackish brown color, crumb texture and has an odor like the smell of earth in general.

Natural Decomposer (MOL) developed from various banana waste and different storage times

MOL is a local microorganism or natural decomposer that is used as a starter culture in production of organic fertilizers which is known as bokashi. The advantage of using MOL is that it can be made from cheap materials or by utilizing agricultural waste so that it can increase the added value of waste as well as reduce the environmental pollution. The use of MOL as a biodecomposer in production of bokashi can accelerate the fermentation process. This study aimed to produce MOL where the characteristic is similar with commercial Effective Microorganism (EM4). This study used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with 2 factors. First factor was the types of banana (J) consisted of three levels, namely awak banana (Musa paradisiacal var. Awak; J1), barangan banana (Musa acuminate Colla; J2), and kepok banana (Musa acuminata balbisiana Colla; J3). Second factor was the storage times consisted of three levels, namely 0 weeks after fermentation (L1), 2 weeks after fermentation (L2), and 4 weeks after fermentation (L3). The analysis carried out after fermentation included total cell counts (TCC), pH value, temperature, and organoleptic test in the form of hedonic test for color and description test for aroma. The best sample was determined based on the highest TCC, the lowest pH value and aroma using a ranking test. The best treatment was obtained from J1L2 treatment (awak banana and 2 weeks after fermentation) with 1.8 × 109 CFU/ml of TCC, 3.17 of pH and medium tapai aroma.

The result of effective microorganisms isolated from wastewater and soil

Increasing urbanization and population concentrations are causing environmental problems such as soil and water pollution. In this study, we were present isolation and identification of Streptomyces sp and Rhodobacteria sp. Those effective microorganisms isolated from the wastewater and soil sample of Anand-Khujirt spring resort located in Khujirt soum, Uvurkhangai province in Mongolia. Based on morphological, cultural, and molecular characteristics (16S rDNA sequencing), those strain were identified as Rhodobacter sphaeroides (99% similarity) and Streptomyces cf.griseus (99% similarity). Rhodobacter sphaeroides could be used to reduce heavy metal contamination from soil. Furthermore, Streptomyces cf.griseus is an effective microorganism, which produces 32 types of biologically active compounds for pharmaceutical or agricultural purposes. Хаягдал ус, хөрснөөс ашигтай бичил биетний цэвэр өсгөвөр ялгасан судалгааны дүнгээс Хотжилт, хүн амын төвлөрөл нэмэгдэж байгаа нь хөрс, усны бохирдол зэрэг хүрээлэн буй орчны асуудлуудыг үүсгэж байна. Бид энэхүү судалгааны ажлаар Өвөрхангай аймгийн Хужирт сумын нутагт орших “Ананд-Хужирт” рашаан сувилал, аялал жуулчлалын баазын хаягдал ус, хөрснөөс ялгасан ашигтай бичил биетний нутгийн омгууд болох Streptomyces sp, Rhodobacteria sp-ийн нуклеотидын дарааллыг Genetyx software програмыг ашиглан боловсруулалт хийн АНУ-ын Биотехнологийн Мэдээллийн Үндэсний Төвийн мэдээллийн сангаас BLAST хайлт хийж хамгийн ойролцоох зүйлийг тодорхойлсон. Rhodobacter sphaeroides (99% ижил нуклеотидтэй)-ийг хүнд металлын бохирдлыг бууруулахад өргөн ашигладаг бол Streptomyces cf.griseus (99% ижил нуклеотидтэй) нь 32 төрлийн биологийн идэвхит нэгдлийг нийлэгжүүлэгч ашигтай бичил биетэн юм. Түлхүүр үг: Streptomyces spp, Rhodobacteria spp, хаягдал ус, хөрс,

Application of effective microorganisms technology on dairy wastewater treatment for irrigation purposes

Due to the massive amounts of freshwater consumed in dairy industries, as a result, thousands of liters of wastewater were produced as one liter of milk produces 10 liters of wastewater which represents a major threat to the surrounding environment and aquatic life. The application of a promising technology called “effective microorganism (EM)” was the key solution due to its low operating cost, low technology, and eco-friendly condition. Three different effective microorganisms were used, such as Bacillus bacteria (EM1), Staphylococcus bacteria (EM2), and EM stoste + Molasses (EM3). EM1 and EM2 were isolated from the dairy wastewater by using streaking for isolation on an agar plate process, while EM3 was prepared by mixing 12 % EM stoste, 6% molasses, and 82% distilled water. A laboratory pilot consists of aeration and final settling tanks, both tanks followed by an activated carbon filter. Four trials were performed, the first trial was without any EM, the second trial was adding EM1 with a dose of 50 ml to the aeration tank, the third trial was EM2 with a dose of 50 ml to the aeration tank, finally adding EM3 with a dose of 30 ml to the aeration tank. Results showed that using Bacillus bacteria (EM1) was the most effective trial as it was effective in reducing TSS (total suspended solids), BOD (biological oxygen demand), COD (chemical oxygen demand), TN (total nitrogen), and TP (total phosphorous) concentrations by removal efficiency of 93%, 96.2%, 95.9%, 94%, and 64%, respectively which were below the limitations of the Egyptian code for reuse for irrigation purposes.