scholarly journals Racial/Ethnic Variability in Hypertension Prevalence and Risk Factors in National Health Interview Survey

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Holmes ◽  
J. Hossain ◽  
D. Ward ◽  
F. Opara
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
National Health ◽  
National Health Interview Survey ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Health Interview Survey ◽  
Ethnic Variability ◽  
Interview Survey ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
Hispanic White

Objective. Hypertension is one of the leading causes of death attributed to cardiovascular diseases, and the prevalence varies across racial/ethnic groups, with African Americans being disproportionately affected. The underlying causes of these disparities are not fully understood despite volume of literature in this perspective. We aimed in this current study to examine ethnic/racial disparities in hypertension utilizing Hispanics as the base racial/ethnic group for comparison. Research Design and Methods. We utilized the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), which is a large cross-sectional survey of the United States non-institutionalized residents to investigate the racial/ethnic disparities in hypertension after the adjustment of other socio-economic, demographic, and prognostic risk factors. The study participants were adults (n = 30,852). Data were analyzed using Chi square statistic, and logistic regression model. Results. There were statistically significant differences by race/ethnicity with respect to income, education, marital status, smoking, alcohol, physical activities, body mass index, and age, P < 0.01, but not insurance coverage, P > 0.01. Hispanic ethnicity (18.9%) compared to either non-Hispanic white (27.7%) or non-Hispanic black (35.5%) was associated with the lowest prevalence of hypertension. Race/ethnicity was a single independent predictor of hypertension, with non-Hispanic black more likely to be hypertensive compare with Hispanic, prevalence odds ratio (POR), 2.38, 99% Confidence Interval (CI), 2.17–2.61 and non-Hispanic white, POR, 1.64, 99% CI, 1.52–1.77. After controlling for the confounding variables, the racial/ethnic differences in hypertension persisted. Conclusions. Racial/ethnic disparities in hypertension persisted after controlling for potential predictors of hypertension in NHIS, implying the inability of known hypertension risk factors to account for racial/ethnic variability in hypertension in US.

scholarly journals Race/Ethnicity and Self-Reported Diabetes among Adults in the National Health Interview Survey: 2000–2003

2007 ◽  
Vol 122 (5) ◽  
pp. 616-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa N. Borrell ◽  
Natalie D. Crawford ◽  
Florence J. Dallo
Keyword(s):  
National Health ◽  
Low Income ◽  
National Health Interview Survey ◽  
Health Interview Survey ◽  
Health Interview ◽  
Hispanic People ◽  
Interview Survey ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Hispanic White ◽  
The U.S

Objective. We investigated the effect of race among Hispanic and non-Hispanic people on self-reported diabetes after adjusting for selected individual characteristics and known risk factors. Methods. Using the National Health Interview Survey 2000–2003, these analyses were limited to Hispanic and non-Hispanic people who self-identified as white or black/African American for a final sample of 117,825 adults, including 17,327 Hispanic people (with 356 black and 16,971 white respondents). Results. The overall prevalence of diabetes was 7.2%. After adjusting for selected covariates, Hispanic white and black respondents were 1.56 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.32, 1.83) and 2.64 (95% CI 1.10, 6.35) times more likely to report having diabetes than non-Hispanic white respondents. The estimate for non-Hispanic black respondents was 1.45 (95% CI 1.29, 1.64). When compared to low-income non-Hispanic white respondents, low-income Hispanic white respondents (odds ratio [OR] 1.64; 95% CI 1.26, 2.19) and non-Hispanic black respondents (OR 1.71; 95% CI 1.38, 2.11) were more likely to report having diabetes. Hispanic black people born in the U.S. were 3.54 (95% CI 1.27, 9.82) times more likely to report having diabetes when compared to Hispanic white people born in the U.S. In comparison to non-Hispanic white respondents, the odds of reporting diabetes decreased for non-Hispanic black respondents, while the odds remained constant for Hispanic white respondents ( p-value for interaction between survey year and race/ethnicity = 0.03). Conclusions. This study suggests that race may be a proxy for unmeasured exposures among non-Hispanic and Hispanic people. Thus, given the importance of race on health and the racial heterogeneity among Hispanic people, race among Hispanic people should be investigated whenever the data allow it.

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