Relation Between Respiratory Muscle Strength and Skeletal Muscle Mass and Hand Grip Strength in the Healthy Elderly

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a telerehabilitation program for COVID-19 survivors on their functionality, aerobic capacity, upper-lower body strength and skeletal muscle mass index. Methods: Fifty patients (22 M); age 54.1±15.4 who became ill with COVID-19 during 2020 completed a 24-session telerehabilitation program. The following measures were taken: Barthel’s index, two minutes step test (2MST), elbow flexion one-repetition maximal (1RM), short physical performance battery (SPPB), hand grip strength, 30-second chair stand, skeletal muscle index (SMI), body fat percentage, resting pulse, arterial blood pressure, and pulse oximetry. Results: There was a significant increase in the Barthel index (p?0.0001), 2MST (p?0.0001), 1RM elbow flexion (p?0.0001), SPPB (p?0.0001), hand grip strength (p?0.0001), 30-second chair stand (p?0.0001), and SMI (p?0.0001). Conclusion: A 24 session in-home telerehabilitation program promoted the recovery of physical independence and increases in skeletal muscle mass index and physical fitness.

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Association of Sarcopenic Dysphagia with Underlying Sarcopenia Following Hip Fracture Surgery in Older Women

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12051365 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 1365 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ayano Nagano ◽

Keisuke Maeda ◽

Akio Shimizu ◽

Shinsuke Nagami ◽

Naohide Takigawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Hip Fracture ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽

Oral Intake ◽

Hip Fracture Surgery ◽

Hand Grip ◽

Sarcopenic Dysphagia ◽

Fracture Surgery

This study aimed to investigate the association between the development of dysphagia in patients with underlying sarcopenia and the prevalence of sarcopenic dysphagia in older patients following surgical treatment for hip fracture. Older female patients with hip fractures (n = 89) were studied. The data of skeletal muscle mass, hand-grip strength, and nutritional status were examined. The development of dysphagia postoperatively was graded using the Food Oral Intake Scale by a certified nurse in dysphagia nursing. The patients’ mean age was 85.9 ± 6.5 years. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 76.4% at baseline. Of the 89 patients, 11 (12.3%) and 12 (13.5%) had dysphagia by day 7 of hospitalization and at discharge, respectively. All patients who developed dysphagia had underlying sarcopenia. Lower skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) (<4.7 kg/m2) and grip strength (<8 kg) at baseline indicated a higher incidence of dysphagia on day 7 (p = 0.003 and Phi = 0.391) and at discharge (p = 0.001 and Phi = 0.448). Dysphagia developed after hip fracture surgery could be sarcopenic dysphagia, and worsening sarcopenia was a risk factor for dysphagia following hip fracture surgery. Clinicians and medical coworkers should become more aware of the risks of sarcopenic dysphagia. Early detection and preventive interventions for dysphagia should be emphasized.

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The Association of Sarcopenia and Bone Mineral Densitometry in a Small Population of Turkish Elderly (P21-048-19)

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzz041.p21-048-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Umut Safer ◽

Vildan Binay Safer

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Elderly Patients ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Conflict Of Interest ◽

Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽

Walking Speed ◽

Hand Grip ◽

Bone Mineral Densitometry

Abstract Objectives Mortality rate of hip fracture is 18%-33% in following year. Epidemiological studies showed that sarcopenia is associated with mortality, morbidity and functional loss. Little is known about sarcopenia diagnostic criteria (ESPEN 2009) and bone mineral densitometry (BMD) scores in Turkish Elderly Population. Methods In this single centered observational study, elderly patients without cognitive impairment underwent assessment. Demographic features, mini nutrition assessment- sort form (MNA-sf) score, BMD, hand grip strength, 5 meter walking speed, skeletal muscle mass(SMM) and skeletal muscle mass index (SMM/Height 2) were recorded. We assessed sarcopenia criteria and BMD score relation. Results Forty-seven patients were fulfills inclusion criteria and underwent assessment. Mean age was 75.7661.03 and 63.8% were female. Three of all were sarcopenic according to ESPEN 2009 guidelines. 83% were normal and 17% were at malnutrition risk according to MNA-sf score. Hand grip straight (r¼0.286, p¼0.05) and SMM (r¼0.38, p¼0.011) were significantly positive correlates with femur total T score but there were no correlations between SMM index and 5 meters walking speed. Conclusions This preliminary study showed relations between skeletal muscle mass, hand grip strength and femur total BMD score in a small Turkish Elderly Patients Population. Sarcopenia and osteoporosis relation in Turkish Population should be assessed in multicentre large population-based study. Funding Sources Conflict of Interest: No conflict of interest, Fund: None.

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Cross-sectional associations among P3NP, HtrA, Hsp70, Apelin and sarcopenia in Taiwanese population

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-021-02146-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yuan-Yuei Chen ◽

Yi-Lin Chiu ◽

Tung-Wei Kao ◽

Tao-Chun Peng ◽

Hui-Fang Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Hand Grip Strength ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Cutoff Point ◽

Walking Distance ◽

Skeletal Mass ◽

Hand Grip

Abstract Background Sarcopenia is a multifactorial pathophysiologic condition of skeletal muscle mass and muscle strength associated with aging. However, biomarkers for predicting the occurrence of sarcopenia are rarely discussed in recent studies. The aim of the study was to elucidate the relationship between sarcopenia and several pertinent biomarkers. Methods Using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) profiles of the National Center for Biotechnology Information, the associations between mRNA expression of biomarkers and sarcopenia were explored, including high temperature requirement serine protease A1 (HtrA1), procollagen type III N-terminal peptide (P3NP), apelin, and heat shock proteins 70 (Hsp72). We enrolled 408 community-dwelling adults aged 65 years and older with sarcopenia and nonsarcopenia based on the algorithm proposed by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS). Muscle strength is identified by hand grip strength using an analogue isometric dynamometer. Muscle mass is estimated by skeletal mass index (SMI) using a bioelectrical impedance analysis. Physical performance is measured by gait speed using 6 m walking distance. The associations between these biomarkers and sarcopenia were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and multivariate regression models. Results From the GEO profiles, the sarcopenia gene set variation analysis score was correlated significantly with the mRNA expression of APLNR (p < 0.001) and HSPA2 (p < 0.001). In our study, apelin was significantly associated with decreased hand grip strength with β values of − 0.137 (95%CI: − 0.229, − 0.046) in men. P3NP and HtrA1 were significantly associated with increased SMI with β values of 0.081 (95%CI: 0.010, 0.153) and 0.005 (95%CI: 0.001, 0.009) in men, respectively. Apelin and HtrA1 were inversely associated with the presence of sarcopenia with an OR of 0.543 (95%CI: 0.397–0.743) and 0.003 (95%CI: 0.001–0.890) after full adjustment. The cutoff point of HtrA1 was associated with the presence of sarcopenia with an OR of 0.254 (95%CI: 0.083–0.778) in men. The cutoff point of apelin was negatively associated with the presence of sarcopenia with an OR of 0.254 (95%CI: 0.083–0.778). Conclusion Our study highlights that P3NP, HtrA, and apelin are useful for diagnosis of sarcopenia in the clinical setting.

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P1673ANEMIA AND DECREASED MUSCLE MASS AND MUSCLE STRENGTH IN KIDNEY TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation ◽

10.1093/ndt/gfaa142.p1673 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽

Author(s):

Joanna Sophia Jacoline Vinke ◽

Hanneke Wouters ◽

Adriaan Post ◽

Suzanne Stam ◽

Rianne M. Douwes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Physical Functioning ◽

Hand Grip Strength ◽

Transplant Recipients ◽

Kidney Transplant Recipients ◽

Creatinine Excretion ◽

Hand Grip

Abstract Background and Aims Post-transplant anemia is highly prevalent in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). It is known that anemia impairs health-related quality of life, especially physical functioning. Although surmised, data about the latter are scarce. Hence, we aimed to investigate the association between anemia and muscle mass and muscle strength in KTRs. Method We used the TransplantLines Biobank and Cohort study, a prospective cohort study among all types of solid organ transplant recipients. For the current study, we used stable KTRs with a functional graft for more than 1 year post transplantation and with data available on hemoglobin levels and muscle mass (n=824). Muscle mass was assessed using 24-hour urinary creatinine excretion. Muscle strength was determined by means of hand grip strength using a dynamometer. Hand grip strength was tested three times with 30 seconds recovery time between attempts. For current analyses, the mean overall hand grip strength was calculated. Anemia was defined as hemoglobin <12 g/dL for women and <13 g/dL for men, according to WHO definitions. We used multivariable linear regression analyses to assess associations between anemia and muscle mass and strength. Results We included 824 KTRs (age 56±13 years, 60% males), with a mean hemoglobin of 13.5±1.8 g/dL. Anemia was present in 28% (n=277) of KTRs. Serum hemoglobin was associated with creatinine excretion, independent of age, sex, eGFR, BMI, hs-CRP, smoking status, alcohol use, and the use of RAAS-inhibitors, calcineurin inhibitors, proliferation inhibitors, or prednisolone (β=0.13, P<0.001). Similarly, the presence of anemia was independently associated with a lower creatinine excretion (β=-0.09, P=0.002). In line with creatinine excretion, hemoglobin levels (β=0.15, P<0.001) and the presence of anemia (β=-0.09, P=0.002) were also associated with handgrip strength independent of potential confounders. Conclusion Low hemoglobin levels and anemia are both strongly associated with lower muscle mass and muscle strength in KTRs, likely impairing physical functioning. Future research is needed to address whether correction of anemia improves physical performance in KTRs.

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Hand grip strength (Hgs) might predict quality of life, death or readmissions better than appendicular skeletal muscle mass or relative Hgs to muscle mass in polymorbid hospitalized patients

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN ◽

10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.09.228 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

pp. 481

Author(s):

M.D. Ballesteros-Pomar ◽

L. Gajete Martin ◽

B. Pintor de la Maza ◽

A. Hernández Moreno ◽

D.E. Barajas Galindo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽

Hand Grip ◽

Appendicular Skeletal Muscle ◽

Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽

Better Than

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BODY COMPOSITION AND HAND GRIP STRENGTH IN HEALTHY COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS IN SWEDEN

Journal of Aging Research and Lifestyle ◽

10.14283/jarcp.2015.50 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

A. Lindblad ◽

S. Dahlin-Ivanoff ◽

I. Bosaeus ◽

E. Rothenberg

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Hand Grip Strength ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Consensus Definition ◽

Hand Grip ◽

European Consensus ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Background: Longevity increases worldwide but there are few studies on body composition and hand grip strength in populations over 80 years. Given high prevalence of chronic disease and functional disability in octogenarians, it may be difficult to distinguish effects of ageing from those imposed by disease. The European Consensus definition of sarcopenia recommends using both low muscle mass and function for diagnosis. Objectives: Examine body composition and hand grip strength in a selected group of community-dwelling older adults with high level of functional independence. In addition, longitudinal changes in handgrip strength were examined using previously collected data. Design: Cross-sectional body composition and hand grip strength with a four year retrospective analysis on previously assessed hand grip strength. Setting: Measurements were conducted by home visits. Participants: 102 community-dwelling 83-96 year-olds, 50 % women. Measurements: Hand grip strength was registered by a dynamometer and body composition analysis using bioimpedance spectroscopy. Results: According to European Consensus definition, only 6/102 had normal muscle mass - no men, although 78 % of men and 40 % of women had normal muscle strength. Since previously collected data four years earlier, men had lost strength (p<0.001), while women had not (p=0.202). Conclusions: Subject characteristics and health status support well-preserved body energy, protein stores and muscle strength. Low muscle mass was much more prevalent than low muscle strength. Results may give an indication of what constitutes a healthy body composition in oldest old and could serve as a starting point for reference values on healthy body composition in octogenarians.

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