scholarly journals BODY COMPOSITION AND HAND GRIP STRENGTH IN HEALTHY COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS IN SWEDEN

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
A. Lindblad ◽  
S. Dahlin-Ivanoff ◽  
I. Bosaeus ◽  
E. Rothenberg
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Consensus Definition ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
European Consensus ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Background: Longevity increases worldwide but there are few studies on body composition and hand grip strength in populations over 80 years. Given high prevalence of chronic disease and functional disability in octogenarians, it may be difficult to distinguish effects of ageing from those imposed by disease. The European Consensus definition of sarcopenia recommends using both low muscle mass and function for diagnosis. Objectives: Examine body composition and hand grip strength in a selected group of community-dwelling older adults with high level of functional independence. In addition, longitudinal changes in handgrip strength were examined using previously collected data. Design: Cross-sectional body composition and hand grip strength with a four year retrospective analysis on previously assessed hand grip strength. Setting: Measurements were conducted by home visits. Participants: 102 community-dwelling 83-96 year-olds, 50 % women. Measurements: Hand grip strength was registered by a dynamometer and body composition analysis using bioimpedance spectroscopy. Results: According to European Consensus definition, only 6/102 had normal muscle mass - no men, although 78 % of men and 40 % of women had normal muscle strength. Since previously collected data four years earlier, men had lost strength (p<0.001), while women had not (p=0.202). Conclusions: Subject characteristics and health status support well-preserved body energy, protein stores and muscle strength. Low muscle mass was much more prevalent than low muscle strength. Results may give an indication of what constitutes a healthy body composition in oldest old and could serve as a starting point for reference values on healthy body composition in octogenarians.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional associations among P3NP, HtrA, Hsp70, Apelin and sarcopenia in Taiwanese population

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-Yuei Chen ◽  
Yi-Lin Chiu ◽  
Tung-Wei Kao ◽  
Tao-Chun Peng ◽  
Hui-Fang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cutoff Point ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Skeletal Mass ◽  
Hand Grip

Abstract Background Sarcopenia is a multifactorial pathophysiologic condition of skeletal muscle mass and muscle strength associated with aging. However, biomarkers for predicting the occurrence of sarcopenia are rarely discussed in recent studies. The aim of the study was to elucidate the relationship between sarcopenia and several pertinent biomarkers. Methods Using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) profiles of the National Center for Biotechnology Information, the associations between mRNA expression of biomarkers and sarcopenia were explored, including high temperature requirement serine protease A1 (HtrA1), procollagen type III N-terminal peptide (P3NP), apelin, and heat shock proteins 70 (Hsp72). We enrolled 408 community-dwelling adults aged 65 years and older with sarcopenia and nonsarcopenia based on the algorithm proposed by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS). Muscle strength is identified by hand grip strength using an analogue isometric dynamometer. Muscle mass is estimated by skeletal mass index (SMI) using a bioelectrical impedance analysis. Physical performance is measured by gait speed using 6 m walking distance. The associations between these biomarkers and sarcopenia were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and multivariate regression models. Results From the GEO profiles, the sarcopenia gene set variation analysis score was correlated significantly with the mRNA expression of APLNR (p < 0.001) and HSPA2 (p < 0.001). In our study, apelin was significantly associated with decreased hand grip strength with β values of − 0.137 (95%CI: − 0.229, − 0.046) in men. P3NP and HtrA1 were significantly associated with increased SMI with β values of 0.081 (95%CI: 0.010, 0.153) and 0.005 (95%CI: 0.001, 0.009) in men, respectively. Apelin and HtrA1 were inversely associated with the presence of sarcopenia with an OR of 0.543 (95%CI: 0.397–0.743) and 0.003 (95%CI: 0.001–0.890) after full adjustment. The cutoff point of HtrA1 was associated with the presence of sarcopenia with an OR of 0.254 (95%CI: 0.083–0.778) in men. The cutoff point of apelin was negatively associated with the presence of sarcopenia with an OR of 0.254 (95%CI: 0.083–0.778). Conclusion Our study highlights that P3NP, HtrA, and apelin are useful for diagnosis of sarcopenia in the clinical setting.

scholarly journals Lower Percentage of Fat Mass among Tai Chi Chuan Practitioners

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 1232
Author(s):  
Silvia Stagi ◽  
Azzurra Doneddu ◽  
Gabriele Mulliri ◽  
Giovanna Ghiani ◽  
Valeria Succa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Tai Chi ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Tai Chi Chuan ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Total Body

The aim of the study was to analyze total and regional body composition in Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) middle-aged and elderly practitioners. A cross-sectional study on 139 Italian subjects was realized: 34 TCC practitioners (14 men, 20 women; 62.8 ± 7.4 years) and 105 sedentary volunteers (49 men, 56 women; 62.8 ± 6.4 years). Anthropometric measurements (height, weight, arm, waist, and calf circumferences), hand-grip strength, and physical capacity values were collected. Total and regional (arm, leg, and trunk) body composition was analyzed by means of specific bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (specific BIVA). TCC practitioners of both sexes were characterized by a normal nutritional status, normal levels of physical capacity, and normal values of hand-grip strength. Compared to controls, they showed lower percentages of fat mass (lower specific resistance) in the total body, the arm, and the trunk, and higher muscle mass (higher phase angle) in the trunk, but lower muscle mass in the arm. Sexual dimorphism was characterized by higher muscle mass (total body, arm, and trunk) and lower %FM (arm) in men; sex differences were less accentuated among TCC practitioners than in the control. TCC middle-aged and elderly practitioners appear to be less affected by the process of physiological aging and the associated fat mass changes, compared to sedentary people.

scholarly journals Reliability and Validity of the Ground Reaction Force Asymmetric Index at Seat-Off as a Measure of Lower Limb Functional Muscle Strength: A Preliminary Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6527
Author(s):  
Ae-Ryoung Kim ◽  
Dougho Park ◽  
Yang-Soo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Intrarater Reliability ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
The Right

This study examined the reliability of the newly developed ground reaction force asymmetry index (GRF AI) at seat-off using a low-cost force plate and the validity of this new test by comparing it with other muscle strength-measuring methods and walking speed. This study was a cross-sectional design in general hospital setting. A convenience sample of 47 community-dwelling adults aged ≥40 years was performed. GRF AI is the measurement value obtained by shifting the weight to the right and left while performing sit-to-stand (STS). GRF AI assessed using GRF data at seat-off during an STS test with maximal weight shift to the right and left side and repeated 4 weeks later. Hip and knee extensor strength were measured using hand-held dynamometry; hand grip strength and walking speed were measured using a standardized method. Intrasessional intrarater reliability of the right and left side at Sessions 1 and 2 were high (intraclass correlation coefficients [ICC] = 0.947 and 0.974; 0.931 and 0.970, respectively). In addition, the intersessional intrarater reliability of a single test trial (ICC = 0.911 and 0.930) and the mean of three test trials (ICC = 0.965 and 0.979) was also high. There was a low correlation between right-side GRF AI and right hand grip strength (r = 0.268) and between left-side GRF AI and left hand grip strength (r = 0.316). No significant correlations were found between the GRF AI and other parameters. Although the reliability of the GRF AI was high, the validity was poor. To be clinically useful, this test should be further refined by modifying the test protocol.

scholarly journals Association of Water Intake with Hand Grip Strength in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1756
Author(s):  
Hyeonmok Kim ◽  
Sun Hee Beom ◽  
Tae Ho Kim ◽  
Beom-Jun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
The Difference

Although recent clinical studies have suggested that water intake enhances muscle mass, its impact on muscle strength remain unclear, especially in older adults. This cross-sectional, population-based study using a representative sample of Koreans investigated the relationship of water intake with hand grip strength (HGS) in 4443 older adults, including 2090 men aged ≥50 years and 2253 postmenopausal women. A digital grip strength dynamometer was used for HGS assessment. Low muscle strength was defined by the Korean-specific HGS cut-off value and adequate water intake was defined according to the Korean dietary reference intakes. In an unadjusted model, water intake was significantly higher in men and women without than with low muscle strength (both p < 0.001), but this difference disappeared after adjustment for confounding variables in both men (p = 0.050) and women (p = 0.245). Similarly, the correlation between water intake and HGS, the difference in HGS depending on adequate water intake status, and the risk of low muscle strength depending on water intake quartile were significant only in the unadjusted model. These data indicate that factors such as age, body size, and resistance exercise contribute to improvements in HGS in older adults, whereas water intake may not.

Novel metabolomics markers are associated with pre-clinical decline in hand grip strength in community-dwelling older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 111405
Author(s):  
Ted Kheng Siang Ng ◽  
Jean-Paul Kovalik ◽  
Jianhong Ching ◽  
Angelique W. Chan ◽  
David Bruce Matchar
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

scholarly journals Effects of a Person-Centered Nursing Intervention for Frailty among Prefrail Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6660
Author(s):  
Jiyeon Ha ◽  
Yeon-Hwan Park
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Nursing Intervention ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

This study examined the effects of a person-centered nursing intervention program for frailty (PNIF) targeting community-dwelling prefrail older people in South Korea. The study participants were 40 community-dwelling older adults (≥65 years) who were classified as prefrail on the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) frailty index. The intervention group (n = 20) received group intervention sessions two days/week for twelve weeks and the control group (n = 20) attended lectures about frailty prevention one day/week for four weeks. The evaluation instruments included the CHS Frailty Index, a JAMAR® hydraulic hand dynamometer, the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), the Korean version of the Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors Questionnaire (K-CHAMPS), the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), the Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form-Korea Version (GDSSF-K), the ENRICHD Social Support Instrument (ESSI), and the Goal Attainment Scale (GAS). Significant differences were found in the CHS Frailty Index (p < 0.001), left-hand grip strength (p = 0.022), right-hand grip strength (p = 0.009), SPPB (p = 0.007), K-CHAMPS (p = 0.009), MNA (p = 0.018), and GDSSF-K (p = 0.001) between the two groups after 12 weeks. No significant between-group differences in ESSI scores were observed. The PNIF effectively improved grip strength, physical function, physical activity, and nutritional status, reduced depression, and prevented frailty among community-dwelling older adults.

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