scholarly journals Soil Pollution: A Case Study on the Determination of Toxic Elements in Soil in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Basma G. Alhogbi ◽  
Amani. F. Alsolame
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Jeddah City ◽  
Quality Guidelines ◽  
Cr Concentration

A considerable increase in the population of Jeddah City and the construction of new residential areas in the last few years has been noticed. Thus, a total of 23 soil samples were collected from three different areas of Sewage Lake, namely, Area A (polluted; the highest concentration of toxic elements), Area B (Southeast), and Area C (Northwest) for the analysis of toxic elements. The soil samples were digested by acid digestion to quantify the As, Co, Cr, Hg, Ni, V, Pb, and Zn using Inductively Coupled Plasma- Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). Zn has the highest concentration in all studied areas (4821±10.2 mg/kg for A, 1108.6±9.5 mg/kg for B and 2339.8±8.7 mg/kg for C). On the other hand, Cr concentration was found 872±2.5 mg/kg for A, 1128±5.4 mg/kg for B and 680±3.4 mg/kg for C. These elements were above the level of the quality guidelines (300 mg/kg for Zn and 4.0 mg/kg for Cr). In majority of the area C samples, the concentration of Hg was found below the detection limit. The results indicated that the area A has a significantly higher metal contents as it is an inference polluted area. Hence, it is influencing the level of metal concentrations in area B, and area C might be due to wind spread. The indiscriminate disposal of hazardous waste in the study area causes a significant source of the soil contamination.

scholarly journals ICP/XRF Analysis for Trace Elements in Soil Samples from Gezira and Suki Schemes, Sudan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Marwa M Adam ◽  
Mustafa M Osman ◽  
Ahmed Salih Elhag ◽  
Mohamed A Elsheikh
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Elemental Concentrations ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurements ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry

In the present study, soil samples have been collected from two different agriculture areas: Gezira and Suki schemes in Sudan, The elemental concentrations for Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb have been determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) and X-ray Fluorescence spectrometry (XRF). The accuracy of measurements has been investigated by using ISE (PT) 1&4 and fortified samples for ICP, IAEA-Soil-7 XRF, respectively. A good agreement was found between certified and measured values. The average elemental concentrations by ICP of these elements Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb in loc1 were found as follows: 84.7, 48.15, 33.5, 65.43, and 12.57 ppm, respectively. While the results obtained in loc2 were found as follows: 105, 65.1, 41.3, 55.4, and 12.74 ppm, respectively. The average elemental concentrations by XRF of these elements Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb in loc1 were found as follows: 77.21, 43.72, 27.62, 86.96, and 18.74 ppm, respectively. While the results obtained in loc2 were found as follows: 123.33, 57.41, 35.99, 98.85, and 16.43 ppm, respectively. A statistical test (t-test) was applied to the data of both methods without any significant difference between the two techniques. The results obtained were compared to WHO permissible limits. Correlations between different elements were performed. Hierarchical cluster analysis was done for the data. The average elemental concentrations were calculated and compared with data from the literature. 

scholarly journals Hazardous Elements in Asbestos Tremolite from the Basilicata Region, Southern Italy: A First Step

Fibers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Claudia Ricchiuti ◽  
Dolores Pereira ◽  
Rosalda Punturo ◽  
Eugenia Giorno ◽  
Domenico Miriello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Asbestos Fibers ◽  
Basilicata Region ◽  
High Concentrations

In this paper, we report the quantification of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) hosted into two tremolite asbestos from Episcopia and San Severino Lucano villages (Basilicata region, Southern Italy). Micro X-ray fluorescence and Inductively Coupled Plasma spectroscopy with Optical Emission Spectrometry techniques were used to quantify the concentration of major, minor (Si, Mg, Ca, Al, Fe, Mn) and trace elements (As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Li, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn Sr, Ti, Te, V, W, Zn, Zr), with the aim of providing available data useful for the determination of the asbestos fibers toxicity. Results show that in the two studied samples there exist high concentrations of Fe, Mn, Cr and Ni which could lead to the high toxicity of the mineral fibers. By considering the pseudo-total PTEs amounts in each tremolite asbestos, it is possible to affirm that one of the samples is more enriched in toxic elements than the other one (3572 ppm versus 1384 ppm). These PTEs can represent a source of risk to human health since they may be transported away from the geological outcrops, through asbestos in the air, water and soils and thus encountering the human body.

scholarly journals Determination of Macro, Micro and Toxic Elements using Argon-Based Plasma Spectroanalytical Methods in order to support Brazilian Regulations on Inorganic Constituents in Infant Foods

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10Years) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Tozo ◽  
Fernanda Pinheiro ◽  
Joaquim Nóbrega
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Icp Oes ◽  
Infant Foods ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Icp Ms

Children's cereal-based foods and supplements are widely consumed by newborn and infant population. The Resolution RDC no. 193/2017 of the Brazilian National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA) established maximum tolerated limits (MTL) for toxic elements in infant foods aiming to control health risks. Complementarily, the determination of macro and microelements based on values of recommended daily intake (RDI) is regulated by Resolution RDC no. 269/2005. Two analytical procedures were developed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for determination of As, Cd, Sn and Pb and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) for determination of Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P and Zn attending both Brazilian regulations. Microwave-assisted acid digestion of solid samples was carried out in closed vessels using 7 mol L-1 HNO3. Two rice flours reference materials as well as addition and recovery experiments were applied to check accuracy. Recoveries ranged from 70 to 128% for ICP OES and from 82 to 128% for ICP-MS using internal standardization. The analytical procedure presented LOQs lower than maximum limits allowed by both regulations. Fifteen samples of cereal-based infant foods were analyzed and all analyte concentrations were lower than the respective MTLs recommended by RDC no. 193, except to Pb concentration in one milk flour sample. According to the RDI established by RDC no. 269 and the average concentrations of Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, P and Zn in samples, it was possible to assign a minimum mass value of food that meets the recommendations of the Brazilian resolution for different population groups.

scholarly journals Human Exposure Assessment to Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) from Tofu Consumption

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soraya Paz ◽  
Carmen Rubio ◽  
Ángel J. Gutiérrez ◽  
Dailos González-Weller ◽  
Arturo Hardisson
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Excessive Intake ◽  
Human Exposure Assessment

Abstract Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) (V, B, Ba, Li, Sr, Cr, Ni, Al, Pb, Cd) were determined in 130 samples of different tofu types (natural, flavoured, smoked and fresh made) by ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry). Al was the most notable element found with the highest concentration (6.71 mg/kg ww) found in flavoured tofu. Ni level (0.38 mg/kg) stands out in smoked tofu. European tofu has higher PTEs levels than Chinese tofu. Organic produced tofu has higher PTEs concentrations than conventional produced tofu. 200 g/day of smoked tofu confers a contribution percentage of 39.6% of its TDI (tolerable daily intake). In addition, 200 g/day of flavoured tofu would mean a high Pb contribution with a 23.2% of the BMDL (benchmark dose level) set in 0.63 µg/kg bw/day to the development of nephrotoxicity. Mean consumption would not pose a risk to adults’ health. Considering the obtained results, it would be advisable to establish limits for certain metals such as Pb, Al and Ni in this type of product. Furthermore, it is recommendable to set consumer guidelines to some tofu types in order to avoid excessive intake of PTEs.

scholarly journals Modified Baby Milk—Bioelements Composition and Toxic Elements Contamination

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4184
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Maruszewska ◽  
Wojciech Żwierełło ◽  
Marta Skórka-Majewicz ◽  
Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka ◽  
Agata Wszołek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
First Year ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Eu Directive ◽  
Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Almost All

Breast milk has the most suitable composition for the proper development in the first year of a child’s life. However, it is often replaced with artificial milk. The aim of the study was to analyze the composition of essential elements: Na, K, Ca, P, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mn as well as toxic elements: Ni, Pb, Sr, Li, and In in 18 formulas available in Poland. The daily supply was also estimated. The study was performed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry method. The results showed the presence of all essential elements tested, but the content of P and Mn significantly differed from the concentrations declared. Such discrepancies can have significant impact on the daily dose of the bioelements taken. However, the content of elements was within the reference standards established by the EU Directive with exception of P, the amount of which exceeded the norms 5.23–18.80-times. Daily supply of P in tested milk as well as Fe and Mn provided with first and hypoallergenic formula exceeded the adequate intake. Analysis revealed the contamination with harmful elements—Pb, Sr, Li, and In were detected in almost all products. The study confirms the data concerning some discrepancies in composition and the contamination of food and may provide information on the feeding quality of children and estimation of health risk associated with exposure to toxic elements.

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