scholarly journals Effects of water soluble oncostatic fraction from Rheum officinale Baill. rhizomes on Allium cepa root meristem. II. Meristem length and mitotic activity distribution

10.5586/4993 ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-452
Author(s):  
A. Dawidowicz-Grzegorzewska
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Root Meristem ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Activity Distribution

scholarly journals Study of Mitotic Activity and Chromosomal Behaviour in Root Meristem of Allium cepa L. Treated with Magnesium Sulphate

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabhakar Bhatta ◽  
S. R. Sakya
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Biological System ◽  
Magnesium Sulphate ◽  
Root Meristem ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Chromosomal Behaviour

The mitotic activity and chromosomal behaviour was observed in four different concentrations of magnesium sulphate at four different duration of treatment using Allium cepa as a biological system. Mito-inhibitory effect of the compound was observed in higher concentration. The compound was capable of producing various chromosomal abnormalities indicating the cytostatic and clastogenic properties of magnesium sulphate. Key words: Allium cepa, magnesium sulphate, mitotic index, phase indices.doi: 10.3126/eco.v15i0.1947 ECOPRINT 15: 83-88, 2008

scholarly journals Effects of water soluble oncostatic fraction from Rheum officinale Baill. rhizomes on Allium cepa root meristem. III. Morphological changes in cytoplasm

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-458
Author(s):  
A. Dawidowicz-Grzegorzewska
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Root Meristem ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Root Apex ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Defence Reaction ◽  
Meristematic Cells

Spiral concentric and linear configurations of membraneous structures were observed in the cytoplasm of fixed meristematic cells from the root apex of <i>Allium cepa</i> under the light microscope. They appeared after incubation in sublethal and lethal conditions in <i>Rheum ofiicinale</i> rhizome extracts. During postincubation these structures disappeared. They were interpreted as ER membranes. On the basis of literature data the physiological significance of these structures is discussed. It would seem that they are an indication of enhanced metabolic activity evoked either exogenously by various injuries as a form of defence reaction of the protoplast or endogenously during cytodifferentiation. Prolonged treatment in ,noxious conditions causes the ER membranes to transform into inactive myelin structures

scholarly journals Effect of triazophos on mitotic activity and chromosomal behavior in root meristems of Allium cepa L.

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 4-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archana Pandey ◽  
Shyam R Sakya
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Root Meristem ◽  
Plant Science ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Meristematic Region ◽  
Cellular Abnormalities ◽  
Tip Cells ◽  
Root Tip Cells

Effect of triazophos (an organophosphorous insecticide) on mitotic activity and chromosomal behavior in the meristematic region of root tip cells of Allium cepa L. was assessed. The insecticide showed mitotic depression and positive chromo-toxic effects. Abnormalities, such as stickiness, plasmolysed cells, equatorial plate shifting, polar shifting, irregular chromosome arrangement, precocious arms formation, bridge formation, C-metaphase, fragmentation of chromosomes, unequal cytokinesis, diagonal cytokinesis, delayed cytokinesis and formation of binucleated cells, were recorded in the chemically pretreated root meristem. Key-words: chromosomal and cellular abnormalities; cytotoxic effect; mitotic index; phase indices.DOI: 10.3126/botor.v6i0.2903 Botanica Orientalis - Journal of Plant Science (2009) 6: 4-7

scholarly journals Effects of water soluble oncostatic fraction from Rheum officinale Baill. rhizomes on Allium cepa root meristem. I. The mitotic activity

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-443
Author(s):  
A. Dawidowicz-Grzegorzewska
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Root Meristem ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Lower Intensity ◽  
Interphase Nuclei ◽  
Meristematic Cells ◽  
Dna And Rna ◽  
Inhibition Of Dna Synthesis

The effects of the oncostatic extracts from <i>Rheum officinale</i> rhizomes on the activity of meristematic cells from <i>Allium cepa</i> roots were investigated. A statistically significant decrease of the IM value was noted as well as of the total number of mitoses during incubation. The disturbances in the course of mitosis and cytokinesis are described and discussed. The kind of disturbances during postincubation points to damage of the S and G2 phases of the interphase nuclei. Cytochemical and autoradiographic studies demonstrated a diminished intensity of staining of DNA and RNA and inhibition of DNA synthesis during incubation, this leading in tum to a lower intensity of protein staining in postincubation. Disturbances in mitosis and cytokinesis after treatment wth 2,6-dihydroxyantraquinone, supposed to be the antimitotically active compound of the extract, are the same as those produced by the total water soluble fraction.

scholarly journals Effect of Heracleum sosnowskyi extract aqueous solution on the Allium cepa root meristem

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-471
Author(s):  
M. V. Smirnova ◽  
V. A. Kotelnikov
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Root Meristem ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Chemical Safety ◽  
Plant Component ◽  
Heracleum Sosnowskyi

Heracleum sosnowskyi (Apiaceae) contains a lot of useful chemical ingredients that can be used in industry, medicine and other fields as plant component extracts and as chemical compounds that have been extracted in different ways, which requires the last to be tested for chemical safety, including a genotoxic test in vivo. In the present paper, the 96-hour effect of the H. sosnowskyi extract aqueous solution at concentrations of 0.01, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.50 mL/L on the genetic apparatus and mitotic activity of the cells of the Allium cepa (Alliaceae) root meristem is discussed. Distilled water was applied as a negative control, and hydrogen peroxide 1% as a positive one. The extract was prepared from the plant’s fresh leaves by soaking them in acetone. It was then distilled at 57 ºС and diluted with distilled water to obtain the experimental concentrations. As extract content in the aqueous solution increased, a statistically significant decrease in mitotic activity, an increase in aberrant cell percentage and a concentration-dependent inhibition of root growth were observed. In the 0.5 mL/L solution, if compared against the other experimental concentrations, an increase in the metaphase, anaphase and telophase indices along with a decrease in the prophase index were observed. The most common aberrations for all the concentrations were lagging and sticking chromosomes, anaphase bridges, ring chromosomes and nuclear buds. The same solution and the positive control produced membrane damage; giant and ghost cells. The results of the experiment performed have demonstrated the extract’s aneugenic effect that causes spindle disturbance, mitodepression and inhibits the cells of the Allium cepa root meristem, prevails over its clastogenic effect.

scholarly journals Influence of 1-p-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine on mitotic activity of apical meristem of onion (Allium cepa L.) roots

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (1–2) ◽  
pp. 173-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kuraś ◽  
A. Malinowska
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Chromosome Aberration ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Cytosine Arabinoside ◽  
Adventitious Roots ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Cells With Micronuclei

The influence of increasing cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) concentration (50, 100, 300 and 500 μg/ml) on the mitotic activity of the apical meristem of onion adventitious roots was investigated during 24-h incubation in ara-C and postincubation in water. Incubation in ara-C inhibits reversibly mitosis, the degree of inhibition being dependent on the concentration used. 50 μg/ml ara-C causes only a slight and transitional mitotic depression, while 100—500 μg/ml reduces the per cent of mitoses in various degrees after 12-h incubation whereas after 24 h all concentrations (100—500) reduce mitosis to the same level of about 2 per cent (80% inhibition). During postincubation in water there occurs after treatment with 100—500 μg/ml ara-C, a wave of highly synchronized mitoses with a peak after 12 h. The highest frequency of synchronized mitoses (60°/o) appeared in roots treated with 300 μg/ml ara-C. The main wave is preceded by a small one with a peak after 2-4 h of postincubation. This seems to be the consequence of phases S and G<sub>2</sub> inhibition by ara-C. It was found that under the influence of ara-C the per cent of mitoses with chromosome aberration and of cells with micronuclei increased only slightly.

scholarly journals Cytological Effects of Sediment Elutriate from Tambis River System, Barobo,Surigao Del Sur in Allium cepa Root Meristem

2015 ◽  
Vol 06 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawn Rosarie M Fajardo ◽  
Rexie P Magdugo
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Root Meristem ◽  
River System

scholarly journals Genotoxic effect of Clerodendrun infortunatum L. aqueous leaf decoction on root meristem cells of Allium cepa L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (05) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
Bibhash Nath ◽  
Surochita Basu
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Root Meristem ◽  
Genotoxic Effect ◽  
Allium Cepa L
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