scholarly journals Anoxic brain injury due to global ischemia: analysis of three clinical cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-92
Author(s):  
Mikhail Kanarsky ◽  
Julia Nekrasova ◽  
Dmitriy Yankevich ◽  
Ekaterina Bondar ◽  
Margarita Radutnaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Global Ischemia ◽  
Anoxic Brain Injury ◽  
Clinical Cases

Falsely predictive EEG and clinical signs after post-anoxic brain injury under sevoflurane anesthesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Peluso ◽  
Benjamin Legros ◽  
Sarah Caroyer ◽  
Fabio Silvio Taccone ◽  
Nicolas Gaspard
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Sevoflurane Anesthesia ◽  
Anoxic Brain Injury

Poster 352: Amantadine Used to Successfully Treat Agitation and Cognitive Impairment 11 Months after Anoxic Brain Injury: A Case Report

PM&R ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. S243-S243
Author(s):  
Nicholas F. Love ◽  
Lindsay C. Smith ◽  
Sara Salim ◽  
Nicole A. Strong
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Anoxic Brain Injury

Treating Vegetative State or Minimally Conscious State with Bromocriptine in Traumatic Brain Injury: Review of Clinical Cases

2016 ◽  
Vol 97 (10) ◽  
pp. e92
Author(s):  
Rosa Martin-Mourelle ◽  
Sergio Otero-Villaverde ◽  
Carmen Crespo Lopez ◽  
Jorge Cabrera Sarmiento ◽  
Nelson Gaitan Perez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Vegetative State ◽  
Minimally Conscious State ◽  
Conscious State ◽  
Minimally Conscious ◽  
Clinical Cases

LC-MS/MS profiling and neuroprotective effects of Mentat® against transient global ischemia and reperfusion–induced brain injury in rats

Nutrition ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1008-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gollapalle Lakshminarayanashastry Viswanatha ◽  
Lakkavalli Mohan Sharath Kumar ◽  
Mohamed Rafiq ◽  
Kethaganahalli Jayaramaiah Kavya ◽  
Agadi Hiremath Thippeswamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Global Ischemia ◽  
Ischemia And Reperfusion ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Transient Global Ischemia

scholarly journals Progesterone Attenuates Stress-Induced NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Enhances Autophagy Following Ischemic Brain Injury

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Espinosa-Garcia ◽  
Fahim Atif ◽  
Seema Yousuf ◽  
Iqbal Sayeed ◽  
Gretchen N. Neigh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Global Ischemia ◽  
Inflammasome Activation ◽  
Ischemic Brain Injury ◽  
Primary Microglia ◽  
Ischemic Brain ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome Activation ◽  
The Impact

NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome inhibition and autophagy induction attenuate inflammation and improve outcome in rodent models of cerebral ischemia. However, the impact of chronic stress on NLRP3 inflammasome and autophagic response to ischemia remains unknown. Progesterone (PROG), a neuroprotective steroid, shows promise in reducing excessive inflammation associated with poor outcome in ischemic brain injury patients with comorbid conditions, including elevated stress. Stress primes microglia, mainly by the release of alarmins such as high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1). HMGB1 activates the NLRP3 inflammasome, resulting in pro-inflammatory interleukin (IL)-1β production. In experiment 1, adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to social defeat stress for 8 days and then subjected to global ischemia by the 4-vessel occlusion model, a clinically relevant brain injury associated with cardiac arrest. PROG was administered 2 and 6 h after occlusion and then daily for 7 days. Animals were killed at 7 or 14 days post-ischemia. Here, we show that stress and global ischemia exert a synergistic effect in HMGB1 release, resulting in exacerbation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and autophagy impairment in the hippocampus of ischemic animals. In experiment 2, an in vitro inflammasome assay, primary microglia isolated from neonatal brain tissue, were primed with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and stimulated with adenosine triphosphate (ATP), displaying impaired autophagy and increased IL-1β production. In experiment 3, hippocampal microglia isolated from stressed and unstressed animals, were stimulated ex vivo with LPS, exhibiting similar changes than primary microglia. Treatment with PROG reduced HMGB1 release and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and enhanced autophagy in stressed and unstressed ischemic animals. Pre-treatment with an autophagy inhibitor blocked Progesterone’s (PROG’s) beneficial effects in microglia. Our data suggest that modulation of microglial priming is one of the molecular mechanisms by which PROG ameliorates ischemic brain injury under stressful conditions.

Rehabilitation Outcomes After Anoxic Brain Injury: A Case-Controlled Comparison With Traumatic Brain Injury

PM&R ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 1069-1076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora K. Cullen ◽  
Charmagne Crescini ◽  
Mark T. Bayley
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Anoxic Brain Injury ◽  
Rehabilitation Outcomes
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