THE RADIATION REACTION IN THE VAGINAL SMEAR

The purpose of this paper is to present observations on the fine structure of rat granulosa cell cultures grown in the presence of an adenohypophyseal explant and to correlate the morphology of these cells with progestin secretion. Twenty-six day old immature female rats were given a single injection of 5 IU pregnant mares serum gonadotropin (PMS) in order to obtain ovaries with large vesicular follicles. At 66 hrs. post-PMS administration (estrus indicated by vaginal smear cytology), the ovaries were removed and placed in a petri dish containing medium 199 and 100 U penicillin/streptomycin (P/S)/ml. Under a 20X magnification dissecting microscope, some 5-8 vesicular follicles/ovary were punctured and the granulosa cells were expressed into the surrounding medium. The cells were transferred to centrifuge tubes and spun down at 1000 rpm for 5 mins.

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Radiation-reaction force on a moving mirror

Journal de Physique I ◽

10.1051/jp1:1993237 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 3 (11) ◽

pp. 2151-2159 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Claudia Eberlein

Keyword(s):

Reaction Force ◽

Radiation Reaction ◽

Radiation Reaction Force

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STUDIES ON THE MECHANISM OF NIDATION. XVI.

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0490299 ◽

1965 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 299-304 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

P. F. Kraicer ◽

M. C. Shelesnyak

Keyword(s):

Vaginal Smear ◽

Direct Activation

ABSTRACT One mg of ergocornine methanesulphate was injected into pseudopregnant rats; the time at which the vaginal smear became pro-oestrous was noted. Pro-oestrus appeared two days after the injection of ergocornine, independent of whether the drug was administered on days L1, L2, L3, L4 or L5 (L1 = first day of leucocytic vaginal smear). Injection of 5 mg/d progesterone delayed, but did not usually prevent, the onset of pro-oestrus. Pro-oestrus appeared 3 days after the last injection of progesterone. These results show that ergocornine induces the appearance of oestrus by effecting progesterone withdrawal rather than by direct activation of folliculotrophins.

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ABSENCE OF COMPENSATORY OVARIAN HYPERTROPHY IN RATS WITH ANTERIOR HYPOTHALAMIC LESIONS

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0360180 ◽

1961 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 180-184 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Béla Flerkó ◽

Vera Bárdos

Keyword(s):

Essential Role ◽

Ovarian Tissue ◽

Vaginal Smear ◽

Corpora Lutea ◽

Vaginal Smears ◽

Hypothalamic Area ◽

Unilateral Ovariectomy ◽

Hypothalamic Lesions ◽

Oestrogen Level ◽

Stimulation Of

ABSTRACT Absence of compensatory ovarian hypertrophy in »constant oestrus rats« from lesions in the anterior hypothalamic area suggests that nervous elements localized in this region play an essential role in the stimulation of gonadotrophin output by diminution of the blood oestrogen level. The constant vaginal oestrus after unilateral ovariectomy in the majority of animals was, however, repeatedly interrupted by vaginal smears of a dioestrous type. The appearance of a dioestrous vaginal smear in the »hypothalamic constant oestrus rats« is often associated with some luteinisation. It is assumed that diminution of the blood oestrogen level by reduction of ovarian tissue in these animals may bring about a release of LH sufficient to cause formation of corpora lutea.

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Incompleteness of General Relativity, Einstein's Errors, and Related Experiments-- American Physical Society March meeting, Z23 5, 2015 --

JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN PHYSICS ◽

10.24297/jap.v8i2.1515 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 2135-2147 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C. Y. Lo

Keyword(s):

General Relativity ◽

Einstein Equation ◽

Reaction Force ◽

Radiation Reaction ◽

Gravitational Energy ◽

Energy Conditions ◽

Experimental Investigations ◽

Positive Mass Theorem ◽

Wave Source ◽

Photonic Energy

General relativity is incomplete since it does not include the gravitational radiation reaction force and the interaction of gravitation with charged particles. General relativity is confusing because Einstein's covariance principle is invalid in physics. Moreover, there is no bounded dynamic solution for the Einstein equation. Thus, Gullstrand is right and the 1993 Nobel Prize for Physics press release is incorrect. Moreover, awards to Christodoulou reflect the blind faith toward Einstein and accumulated errors in mathematics. Note that the Einstein equation with an electromagnetic wave source has no valid solution unless a photonic energy-stress tensor with an anti-gravitational coupling is added. Thus, the photonic energy includes gravitational energy. The existence of anti-gravity coupling implies that the energy conditions in space-time singularity theorems of Hawking and Penrose cannot be satisfied, and thus are irrelevant. Also, the positive mass theorem of Yau and Schoen is misleading, though considered as an achievement by the Fields Medal. E = mc2 is invalid for the electromagnetic energy alone. The discovery of the charge-mass interaction establishes the need for unification of electromagnetism and gravitation and would explain many puzzles. Experimental investigations for further results are important.

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Electromagnetic Radiation

10.1093/oso/9780198726500.001.0001 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Richard R. Freeman ◽

James A. King ◽

Gregory P. Lafyatis

Keyword(s):

Electromagnetic Radiation ◽

Energy Transport ◽

Radiation Reaction ◽

Classical Electrodynamics ◽

X Rays ◽

Field Equations ◽

Radio Frequency Radiation ◽

Relativistic Treatment ◽

Time Variations ◽

Radiation Science

Electromagnetic Radiation is a graduate level book on classical electrodynamics with a strong emphasis on radiation. This book is meant to quickly and efficiently introduce students to the electromagnetic radiation science essential to a practicing physicist. While a major focus is on light and its interactions, topics in radio frequency radiation, x-rays, and beyond are also treated. Special emphasis is placed on applications, with many exercises and homework problems. The format of the book is designed to convey the basic concepts of a topic in the main central text in the book in a mathematically rigorous manner, but with detailed derivations routinely relegated to the accompanying side notes or end of chapter “Discussions.” The book is composed of four parts: Part I is a review of basic E&M, and assumes the reader has a had a good upper division undergraduate course, and while it offers a concise review of topics covered in such a course, it does not treat any given topic in detail; specifically electro- and magnetostatics. Part II addresses the origins of radiation in terms of time variations of charge and current densities within the source, and presents Jefimenko’s field equations as derived from retarded potentials. Part III introduces special relativity and its deep connection to Maxwell’s equations, together with an introduction to relativistic field theory, as well as the relativistic treatment of radiation from an arbitrarily accelerating charge. A highlight of this part is a chapter on the still partially unresolved problem of radiation reaction on an accelerating charge. Part IV treats the practical problems of electromagnetic radiation interacting with matter, with chapters on energy transport, scattering, diffraction and finally an illuminating, application-oriented treatment of fields in confined environments.

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