Efek ekstrak etanol kedelai hitam (Glycine soja) terhadap ketebalan dermis mencit (Mus musculus L.) pasca unilateral ovariektomi

Estrogen is a steroid hormone produced by the ovaries. Estrogen is a hormone that triggers collagensynthesis by fibroblast.Collagen has affects for thickness of dermis.Estrogen deficiency can lead disruptioncollagen synthesis, so has an impact on decline dermis thickness. Unilateral ovariectomy is the act ofremoval of one ovary in the female reproductive system and is a model for estrogen deficiency. Thecondition of estrogen deficiency can be overcome by giving phytoestrogens. Black soybean seed is one ofphytoestrogens source. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of black soybean extract afterovariectomy on increasing on dermis thickness (Mus musculus L.). The dosage of black soybean ethanolextract used was 0.31 g / ml / day and 0.63 g / ml / day administered orally (gavage) for 20 days. The resultsshowed a dose of 0.31 g / ml / day may and 0.63 g / ml / day increase dermis thickness of mice.

Applying and Cutting Device for Tie-Wraps During Laparoscopic Ovariectomy in Standing Mares

Background: Laparoscopic ovariectomy it is used more than 20 years in veterinary medicine, however, information of this technique in Brazil are rare. Also, the cost for his execution are high, specially the ovarian hemostasis procedure, that depends on highly specialized surgical instruments. The goal of this study is show the results achieved during laparoscopic ovariectomy in mares using a device to apply and cut tie-wraps, developed by the authors and that is in a patent process.Materials, Methods & Results: Four mares with ovarian pathologies were selected for a standing unilateral ovariectomy procedure and access to cavity occurred through three laparoscopic portals. The vessels and ligament were dissected to allow positioning of a polyamide tie-wrap by the device for cutting and applying those seals. Occlusion was made by pushing, and cutting through a rotation on the tie latch. Then, the mesovarium was cut with laparoscopic scissors and ovary removed by a communication between two accesses. Total surgical time and the equipment handling were noted. The average duration of surgical procedures was 80 ± 12.35 min and device handling time since its external preparation, application and cutting the polyamide tie-wraps was 3.4 ± 2.63 min. Only in one of four animals it was necessary to apply more than one tie, since the first promoted incomplete vessels occlusion. Within 10 postoperative days none of the animals showed clinical signs consistent with bleeding and / or infection and the wound’s healing were complete.Discussion: Surgical time for dissection and hemostasis during laparoscopic ovariectomy in mares shows great variation in the literature and depend on hemostasis technique. The average time of 80 min for a one-sided procedure using the device for application and cutting tie-wraps was considered appropriate, with the possibility of significantly reduction, since this is an instrumental in testing and yet there is not a definition of the learning curve from its use. The main reason related to the tie-wraps use, even controversial, is due a significant reduction in cost, since the devices for hemostasis available are very expensive to brazilian veterinarians. Although considered a simple application and advantages over other hemostatic methods the authors of this study do not indicate the use of non-surgical polyamide ties when other materials are available, also, it is important to clarify that the main purpose of this study was to report the effectiveness of the device for application and cut these ties while performing these surgical procedure steps. The device for applying and cutting tie-wraps allows closing and resection of polyamide tie-wraps, producing safe hemostasis to ovarian vessels during laparoscopic ovariectomy in mares, with appropriate surgical time and without trans or postoperative complications.

Evaluation the effect of laparoscopic unilateral ovariectomy in young Iraqi black goat on the histomorphometric of the remaining ovary at adult stage

The ovarian histomorphometric in adult normal and unilateral ovariectomized Iraqi black goats (Age 7 months) was studied to evaluate the effect of laparoscopic unilateral ovariectomy of young goat (age 2-3 months) on other remaining ovary histologically. Ten young female Iraqi black goats were used in the study. The goats were divided randomly into two equal groups; young goats were left normal (group A) and young goats underwent to right laparoscopic unilateral ovariectomy (group B). All animals in both groups were left to reach adult stage at 7 months age, in which they underwent to removal their ovaries laparoscopically by using the harmonic scalpel. Operations were performed under general anesthesia by using of a mixture of xylazine and ketamine intramuscularly. The ovarian histomorphometric included; height of germinal epithelium and thickness of tunica albuginea, cortex and medulla were measured at adult stage for both groups. The study revealed a significant elevation (P<0.05) in thickness value of tunica albuginea, cortex and medulla in the right ovary compared with the left one in normal adult goat (group A). The left ovary in group (B) showed significant increase in the thickness value of tunica albuginea, cortex and medulla compared with those in similar (left) ovary in group (A) which indicated that the remaining ovary in group (B) showed compensatory action in increasing their histological structures measurements. The short operative time, no intraoperative and less postoperative complications referred to that the laparoscopic ovariectomy in goats could be performed successfully with this technique and by using of harmonic scalpel.

Clinical and pathological presentation of squamous metaplasia of the rete ovarii in a Zebu cow

Squamous metaplasia of rete ovarii is characterized by replacement of the normal cuboidal epithelium of rete ovarii by a keratinized stratified scamous epithelium, leading to accumulation of keratinized material within the tubules and cystic dilatation of rete ovarii. The present study decribes a case of scamous metaplasia of rete ovarii in a 10 year old Zebu cow, including clinical, surgical, ultrasonographic, histopathological and hormonal findings. At first ultrasound examination the cow had lightly asymmetric ovaries with follicles presenting echogenicity similar to luteinized follicular cysts. After transvaginal follicular aspiration creamy yellowish sanguineous-purulent content was recovered. After unilateral ovariectomy the ovary was sectioned and brownish viscous material drained from cystic cavity. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosid of squamous metaplasia of the rete ovarii. Progesterone concentrations assessed by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay within different time periods after ovariectomy showed that pathology did not compromise normal luteal ovarian activity in a contralateral reminiscent ovary.

135 SHORT-TERM OVARIAN EFFECTS OF UNILATERAL OVARIECTOMY IN COWS

Classical studies established that the removal of one of the paired organs produces a compensatory effect on the remaining organ. In the bovine ovary this aspect has not been examined in detail. We took advantage of follicular and luteal profiles from a previous study to retrospectively examine the effects of ovariectomy before and after ovulation on follicular dynamics of the remaining ovary in cattle. To characterise the prevalence and distribution of tyrosine kinase receptor A in the bovine ovary, the original design involved unilateral ovariectomy of cows at different stages of the periovulatory period. For the purposes of the present study, we combined data into 2 groups, a preovulatory group (n = 6 cows) and a post-ovulatory group (n = 5 cows), to provide sufficient data for statistical interpretation. The cows were examined daily by transrectal ultrasonography to determine the ovarian status. For the preovulatory group, a luteolytic dose of prostaglandin was administered when the dominant follicle of the second follicular wave reached ≥10 mm, and the ovary containing the dominant follicle was removed within 48 h. For the post-ovulatory group, ovariectomy was performed on the ovary containing the newly formed corpus luteum between Days 2 to 6 (Day 0 = ovulation). Unilateral ovariectomy was performed by colpotomy under caudal epidural anaesthesia using a chain ecraseur. After ovariectomy, cows were examined daily by ultrasonography from ovariectomy to the completion of an interovulatory interval (period between 2 ovulations). Single-point data were compared between groups by t-test, and binomial data were compared between groups by Fisher’s exact test. Double ovulations were detected in 3/6 ovariectomized in the preovulatory period and 2/5 ovariectomized in the post-ovulatory period. The first ovulation after ovariectomy tended to occur earlier in the preovulatory group than in the post-ovulatory group (P = 0.08), which was attributed primarily to the development of oversized persistent dominant follicles (~20 mm in diameter for ≥7 days in absence of a corpora lutea) in 2 of 5 cows in the post-ovulatory ovariectomy group. The interovulatory interval after ovariectomy was shorter in the post-ovulatory group than in the preovulatory group (14.6 ± 0.3 v. 20.3 ± 0.6 days; P = 0.01). No distinct patterns were detected in follicular and luteal dynamics between the pre- and post-ovulatory ovariectomy groups. The number of follicles ≥3 mm detected by ultrasonography was greater in the post-ovulatory ovariectomy group than in the preovulatory group on Days 6, 7, 8, and 16 of the first interovulatory interval after ovariectomy. In conclusion, results of this retrospective study support the concept that follicular and luteal effects of removal of one ovary are influenced by the timing of ovariectomy relative to ovulation. A prospective study involving a comparison of ovarian dynamics of the same cows before and after unilateral ovariectomy will provide a better understanding of the disruption that take place and the mechanisms controlling it. Research was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.