scholarly journals Communication-Efficient Distributed Linear Discriminant Analysis for Binary Classification

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengyu Li ◽  
Junlong Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Linear Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Binary Classification ◽  
Linear Discriminant

scholarly journals VALIDATION ASSESSMENTS ON RESAMPLING METHOD IN IMBALANCED BINARY CLASSIFICATION FOR LINEAR DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Hakiim Jamaluddin ◽  
Nor Idayu Mahat
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Linear Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Binary Classification ◽  
Class Imbalance ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Resampling Method ◽  
Fold Cross Validation

The curse of class imbalance affects the performance of many conventional classification algorithms including linear discriminant analysis (LDA). The data pre-processing approach through some resampling methods such as random oversampling (ROS) and random undersampling (RUS) is one of the treatments to alleviate such curse. Previous studies have attempted to address the effect of a resampling method on the performance of LDA. However, some studies contradicted with each other based on different performance measures as well as validation strategies. This manuscript attempted to shed more light on the effect of a resampling method (ROS or RUS) on the performance of LDA based on true positive rate and true negative rate through five validation strategies, i.e. leave-one-out cross-validation, k-fold cross-validation, repeated k-fold cross-validation, naive bootstrap, and .632+ bootstrap. 100 two-group bivariate normally distributed simulated and four real data sets with severe class imbalance ratio were utilised. The analysis on the location and dispersion statistics of the performance measures was further enlightened on: (i) the effect of a resampling method on the performance of LDA, and (ii) the enhancement in the learning fairness of LDA on objects regardless of sample size, hence reducing the effect of the curse of class imbalance.

Effect of Topography on Maize Grains Elemental Profile: A Chemometric Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1079-1087
Author(s):  
Jorgelina Z. Heredia ◽  
Carlos A. Moldes ◽  
Raúl A. Gil ◽  
José M. Camiña
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Linear Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Microwave Plasma ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Elemental Profile ◽  
Mineral Profile ◽  
Topographic Characteristics

Background: The elemental composition of maize grains depends on the soil, land and environment characteristics where the crop grows. These effects are important to evaluate the availability of nutrients with complex dynamics, such as the concentration of macro and micronutrients in soils, which can vary according to different topographies. There is available scarce information about the influence of topographic characteristics (upland and lowland) where culture is developed with the mineral composition of crop products, in the present case, maize seeds. On the other hand, the study of the topographic effect on crops using multivariate analysis tools has not been reported. Objective: This paper assesses the effect of topographic conditions on plants, analyzing the mineral profiles in maize seeds obtained in two land conditions: uplands and lowlands. Materials and Methods: The mineral profile was studied by microwave plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Samples were collected from lowlands and uplands of cultivable lands of the north-east of La Pampa province, Argentina. Results: Differentiation of maize seeds collected from both topographical areas was achieved by principal components analysis (PCA), cluster analysis (CA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). PCA model based on mineral profile allowed to differentiate seeds from upland and lowlands by the influence of Cr and Mg variables. A significant accumulation of Cr and Mg in seeds from lowlands was observed. Cluster analysis confirmed such grouping but also, linear discriminant analysis achieved a correct classification of both the crops, showing the effect of topography on elemental profile. Conclusions: Multi-elemental analysis combined with chemometric tools proved useful to assess the effect of topographic characteristics on crops.

Colorectal Cancer Classification and Survival Analysis Based on an Integrated RNA and DNA molecular signature

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohanad Mohammed ◽  
Henry Mwambi ◽  
Bernard Omolo
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Survival Analysis ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Linear Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Mutation Status ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Rnaseq Data

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer among women and men in the USA, and recent studies have shown an increasing incidence in less developed regions, including Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We developed a hybrid (DNA mutation and RNA expression) signature and assessed its predictive properties for the mutation status and survival of CRC patients. Methods: Publicly-available microarray and RNASeq data from 54 matched formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples from the Affymetrix GeneChip and RNASeq platforms, were used to obtain differentially expressed genes between mutant and wild-type samples. We applied the support-vector machines, artificial neural networks, random forests, k-nearest neighbor, naïve Bayes, negative binomial linear discriminant analysis, and the Poisson linear discriminant analysis algorithms for classification. Cox proportional hazards model was used for survival analysis. Results: Compared to the genelist from each of the individual platforms, the hybrid genelist had the highest accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and AUC for mutation status, across all the classifiers and is prognostic for survival in patients with CRC. NBLDA method was the best performer on the RNASeq data while the SVM method was the most suitable classifier for CRC across the two data types. Nine genes were found to be predictive of survival. Conclusion: This signature could be useful in clinical practice, especially for colorectal cancer diagnosis and therapy. Future studies should determine the effectiveness of integration in cancer survival analysis and the application on unbalanced data, where the classes are of different sizes, as well as on data with multiple classes.

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