Auditory Attentional Load Modulates Audiovisual Integration During Auditory/Visual Discrimination

Yanna Ren; Nengwu Zhao; Junyuan Li; Junhao Bi; Tao Wang; Weiping Yang Yang

doi:10.5709/acp-0328-0

Audition and vision share spatial attentional resources, yet attentional load does not disrupt audiovisual integration

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01084 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Basil Wahn ◽

Peter König

Keyword(s):

Audiovisual Integration ◽

Attentional Resources ◽

Attentional Load

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Influence of Coactors on Saccadic and Manual Responses

i-Perception ◽

10.1177/2041669517692814 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 204166951769281 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Manuel Oliva ◽

Diederick C. Niehorster ◽

Halszka Jarodzka ◽

Kenneth Holmqvist

Keyword(s):

Social Context ◽

Visual Discrimination ◽

Discrimination Task ◽

Social Influences ◽

Peripheral Stimulus ◽

Antisaccade Task ◽

Manual Response ◽

Manual Responses ◽

Attentional Load ◽

The Social

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of coaction on saccadic and manual responses. Participants performed the experiments either in a solitary condition or in a group of coactors who performed the same tasks at the same time. In Experiment 1, participants completed a pro- and antisaccade task where they were required to make saccades towards (prosaccades) or away (antisaccades) from a peripheral visual stimulus. In Experiment 2, participants performed a visual discrimination task that required both making a saccade towards a peripheral stimulus and making a manual response in reaction to the stimulus’s orientation. The results showed that performance of stimulus-driven responses was independent of the social context, while volitionally controlled responses were delayed by the presence of coactors. These findings are in line with studies assessing the effect of attentional load on saccadic control during dual-task paradigms. In particular, antisaccades – but not prosaccades – were influenced by the type of social context. Additionally, the number of coactors present in the group had a moderating effect on both saccadic and manual responses. The results support an attentional view of social influences.

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Sustained Auditory Attentional Load Decreases Audiovisual Integration in Older and Younger Adults

Neural Plasticity ◽

10.1155/2021/4516133 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Yanna Ren ◽

Yawei Hou ◽

Jiayu Huang ◽

Fanghong Li ◽

Tao Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Visual Information ◽

Race Model ◽

Audiovisual Integration ◽

Auditory Presentation ◽

Younger Adults ◽

Attentional Load ◽

Audiovisual Stimuli ◽

Effects Of Aging ◽

Load Conditions

The modulation of attentional load on the perception of auditory and visual information has been widely reported; however, whether attentional load alters audiovisual integration (AVI) has seldom been investigated. Here, to explore the effect of sustained auditory attentional load on AVI and the effects of aging, nineteen older and 20 younger adults performed an AV discrimination task with a rapid serial auditory presentation task competing for attentional resources. The results showed that responses to audiovisual stimuli were significantly faster than those to auditory and visual stimuli ( AV > V ≥ A , all p < 0.001 ), and the younger adults were significantly faster than the older adults under all attentional load conditions (all p < 0.001 ). The analysis of the race model showed that AVI was decreased and delayed with the addition of auditory sustained attention ( no _ load > load _ 1 > load _ 2 > load _ 3 > load _ 4 ) for both older and younger adults. In addition, AVI was lower and more delayed in older adults than in younger adults in all attentional load conditions. These results suggested that auditory sustained attentional load decreased AVI and that AVI was reduced in older adults.

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Semantic Congruency Modulates the Effect of Attentional Load on the Audiovisual Integration of Animate Images and Sounds

i-Perception ◽

10.1177/2041669520981096 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 204166952098109

Author(s):

Qingqing Li ◽

Qiong Wu ◽

Yiyang Yu ◽

Fengxia Wu ◽

Satoshi Takahashi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Critical Role ◽

Semantic Content ◽

Visual Presentation ◽

Audiovisual Integration ◽

Attentional Processes ◽

Semantic Congruency ◽

Attentional Load ◽

Animal Identification ◽

Animal Images

Attentional processes play a complex and multifaceted role in the integration of input from different sensory modalities. However, whether increased attentional load disrupts the audiovisual (AV) integration of common objects that involve semantic content remains unclear. Furthermore, knowledge regarding how semantic congruency interacts with attentional load to influence the AV integration of common objects is limited. We investigated these questions by examining AV integration under various attentional-load conditions. AV integration was assessed by adopting an animal identification task using unisensory (animal images and sounds) and AV stimuli (semantically congruent AV objects and semantically incongruent AV objects), while attentional load was manipulated by using a rapid serial visual presentation task. Our results indicate that attentional load did not attenuate the integration of semantically congruent AV objects. However, semantically incongruent animal sounds and images were not integrated (as there was no multisensory facilitation), and the interference effect produced by the semantically incongruent AV objects was reduced by increased attentional-load manipulations. These findings highlight the critical role of semantic congruency in modulating the effect of attentional load on the AV integration of common objects.

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X-Ray Microanalysis of Nickel and Cobalt Intensified Peroxidase- Antiperoxidase For Verification of Reaction Sites

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100119168 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 468-469

Author(s):

A. Angel ◽

K. Miller ◽

V. Seybold ◽

R. Kriebel

Keyword(s):

Reaction Mechanisms ◽

Visual Discrimination ◽

Osmium Tetroxide ◽

Ultrastructural Level ◽

Microscopic Level ◽

Electron Microscopic Level ◽

Electron Microscopic ◽

X Ray ◽

Insoluble Polymer ◽

Cytochemical Reaction

Localization of specific substances at the ultrastructural level is dependent on the introduction of chemicals which will complex and impart an electron density at specific reaction sites. Peroxidase-antiperoxidase(PAP) methods have been successfully applied at the electron microscopic level. The PAP complex is localized by addition of its substrate, hydrogen peroxide and an electron donor, usually diaminobenzidine(DAB). On oxidation, DAB forms an insoluble polymer which is able to chelate with osmium tetroxide becoming electron dense. Since verification of reactivity is visual, discrimination of reaction product from osmiophillic structures may be difficult. Recently, x-ray microanalysis has been applied to examine cytochemical reaction precipitates, their distribution in tissues, and to study cytochemical reaction mechanisms. For example, immunoreactive sites labelled with gold have been ascertained by means of x-ray microanalysis.

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