scholarly journals Intact Stability of Historic Passenger Ships in Light of the Second Generation Intact Stability Criteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 163 (A1) ◽  
pp. 119-130
Author(s):  
I Bačkalov ◽  
S Rudaković ◽  
M Cvijović
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Stability Assessment ◽  
Stability Criteria ◽  
Cruise Ships ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Intact Stability ◽  
Passenger Ships ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Dead Ship Condition

The paper examines the intact stability of historic passenger ships from the point of view of the contemporary notion of the intact stability, i.e. the Second Generation Intact Stability Criteria (SGISC) framework. An intact stability assessment using the Vulnerability Level 2 calculation procedures of SGISC for the dead ship condition was performed on four ocean liners: RMS Titanic, RMS Queen Mary, SS United States and SS Michelangelo, and two cruise ships: MS Song of America and MS Costa Concordia. In addition, the intact stability of the selected ships was appraised using the present-day mandatory intact stability requirements contained in the 2008 Intact Stability Code. The selected ships are believed to be good representatives of the main trends in passenger ship design over a one-hundred-year span bounded by two well-known maritime catastrophes: the sinking of the Titanic in 1912 and the Costa Concordia disaster in 2012. The paper offers an insight into how major design changes have affected the intact stability properties of passenger ships over this period. It was found that the examined ocean liners would perform well in terms of intact stability in the dead ship condition even from the point of view of the SGISC. The analysis also confirmed the advantages of the approach using the SGISC framework over simplified, (semi)empirical stability assessment methods. By looking into the evolution of the intact stability of ocean liners and cruise ships from the contemporary perspective, the paper draws the conclusions which are considered useful for the design of future passenger ships.

The Direct Evaluation Method of Dead Ship Stability for Intact Ship

2019 ◽  
Vol 161 (A3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Stability Criteria ◽  
Ship Stability ◽  
Direct Evaluation ◽  
Intact Stability ◽  
Capsizing Probability ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Effective Wave

The International Maritime Organization is currently establishing second generation intact stability criteria, the dead ship stability is considered one important criterion, so the development of its direct stability assessment regulation has become a topic undergoing close review. In this paper a peak-over-threshold (POT) method is proposed to evaluate the dead ship stability, which focuses on the statistical extrapolation that exceed the threshold, also the traditional Monte Carlo simulation is carried out to approve the method. On the basis of verification calculation of the sample ship CEHIPAR2792, the capsizing probability of a certain warship is also conducted. Moreover, the influence of initial stability height GM and effective wave slope coefficient on the capsizing probability is analysed. The results and the possible reason for the difference are examined. This study is expected to provide technical support for the second-generation stability criteria and establish the capsizing probability of damaged dead ship stability.

scholarly journals IMO Second Generation Intact Stability Criteria: General Overview and Focus on Operational Measures

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 494
Author(s):  
Nicola Petacco ◽  
Paola Gualeni
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Ship Design ◽  
Stability Assessment ◽  
Stability Criteria ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Complementary Action ◽  
Intact Stability ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Operational Aspects

At the beginning of 2020, after a long and demanding process, the Second Generation Intact Stability criteria (SGISc) have been finalized at the 7th session of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) sub-committee on Ship Design and Construction (SDC). At present, SGISc are not mandatory, nevertheless IMO endorses their application in order to assess their consistency and validity. It is envisaged that SGISc can support the design of safer ships, nevertheless such a rules framework might have an impact also on the ship operational aspects in a seaway. In fact, within the SGISc framework, Operational Measures have also been implemented providing guidance and limitations during navigation. After a comprehensive overview about SGISc vulnerability levels and direct stability assessment, this paper provides a specific insight into the methodological approach for the Operational Measures extensively addressed as a complementary action to ship design.

The Direct Evaluation Method of Dead Ship Stability for Intact Ship

2019 ◽  
Vol 161 (A3) ◽  
Author(s):  
LF Hu ◽  
QZ Zhang ◽  
WY Zhang ◽  
HB Qi
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Stability Criteria ◽  
Ship Stability ◽  
Direct Evaluation ◽  
Intact Stability ◽  
Capsizing Probability ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Effective Wave

The International Maritime Organization is currently establishing second generation intact stability criteria, the dead ship stability is considered one important criterion, so the development of its direct stability assessment regulation has become a topic undergoing close review. In this paper a peak-over-threshold (POT) method is proposed to evaluate the dead ship stability, which focuses on the statistical extrapolation that exceed the threshold, also the traditional Monte Carlo simulation is carried out to approve the method. On the basis of verification calculation of the sample ship CEHIPAR2792, the capsizing probability of a certain warship is also conducted. Moreover, the influence of initial stability height GM and effective wave slope coefficient on the capsizing probability is analysed. The results and the possible reason for the difference are examined. This study is expected to provide technical support for the second-generation stability criteria and establish the capsizing probability of damaged dead ship stability.

THE DIRECT EVALUATION METHOD OF DEAD SHIP STABILITY FOR INTACT SHIP

2021 ◽  
Vol 161 (A3) ◽  
Author(s):  
L F Hu ◽  
Q Z Zhang ◽  
W Y Zhang ◽  
H B Qi
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Stability Criteria ◽  
Ship Stability ◽  
Direct Evaluation ◽  
Intact Stability ◽  
Capsizing Probability ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Effective Wave

The International Maritime Organization is currently establishing second generation intact stability criteria, the dead ship stability is considered one important criterion, so the development of its direct stability assessment regulation has become a topic undergoing close review. In this paper a peak-over-threshold (POT) method is proposed to evaluate the dead ship stability, which focuses on the statistical extrapolation that exceed the threshold, also the traditional Monte Carlo simulation is carried out to approve the method. On the basis of verification calculation of the sample ship CEHIPAR2792, the capsizing probability of a certain warship is also conducted. Moreover, the influence of initial stability height GM and effective wave slope coefficient Y on the capsizing probability is analysed. The results and the possible reason for the difference are examined. This study is expected to provide technical support for the second-generation stability criteria and establish the capsizing probability of damaged dead ship stability.

Second Generation Intact Stability Criteria Fallout on Naval Ships Limiting KG Curves

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gennaro Rosano ◽  
Ermina Begović ◽  
Guido Boccadamo ◽  
Barbara Rinauro
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Stability ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Loss Of Stability ◽  
Stability Criteria ◽  
Parametric Roll ◽  
Intact Stability ◽  
Surf Riding ◽  
Hull Forms ◽  
Onr Tumblehome ◽  
Dead Ship Condition

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) finalized the Second Generation Intact Stability Criteria (SGISC), in February 2020. They are intended to be included in Part A of the 2008 International Code on Intact Stability in the following years. The SGISC consider five modes of dynamic stability failure in waves: parametric roll, pure loss of stability, surf-riding/broaching to, dead ship condition and excessive acceleration. In this paper, two semi-displacement, round bilge and transom stern hull forms, the parent hull of the Systematic Series D and the ONR Tumblehome, i.e. typical naval hull forms, are examined. Although naval ships are not directly impacted by SGISC, they are sensitive to dynamic stability failure phenomena due to their geometry and range of service speeds. The procedures to assess the ship vulnerability to the dead ship condition and excessive acceleration criteria, referring to the latest drafts of the criteria (SDC 7/5, 2019), were implemented in Matlab®,. The limiting KG curves associated with this set of criteria were obtained for each vessel. The minimum allowable KG curve associated with the excessive acceleration criterion was compared with the maximum allowable KG curve associated with dead ship condition, to investigate the existence of a safe operational area.

scholarly journals Second Generation Intact Stability Criteria: on the validation of codes for direct stability assessment in the framework of an example application

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 52-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Bulian ◽  
Alberto Francescutto
Keyword(s):  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Stability Assessment ◽  
Stability Criteria ◽  
Recent Discussion ◽  
Fishing Vessels ◽  
Intact Stability ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Semi Empirical ◽  
Operational Guidance

ABSTRACT The Sub-Committee on Stability and Load Lines and on Fishing Vessels Safety (SLF) of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has undertaken the development of so-called “Second Generation Intact Stability Criteria” (SGISC) with the intention of providing a new set of rules covering those phenomena which are not properly covered by present, mostly semi-empirical, requirements. The first two levels of the envisioned 3+1 tiers structure of SGISC are so-called “vulnerability assessment” levels: most of the discussion has so far been dedicated to these levels. At the highest level there is the so-called “Direct Stability Assessment”, which is also strictly linked with the development of ship-specific “Operational Guidance”. Recent discussion on the topic of “Direct Stability Assessment” (DSA) has touched the issue of “validation” of numerical codes to be employed at this level. Stimulated by, and in view of, the ongoing IMO discussion, this paper presents the results of a recent series of experiments in beam waves (mono-/bichromatic, irregular) and associated simulations based on a 6-DOF blended code. Nonlinear harmonic and sub-harmonic resonances are observed and simulated.

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