scholarly journals On Statistical Assessments of Racial/Ethnic Inequalities in Cigarette Purchase Price among Daily Smokers in the United States: Non-Hispanic Whites Pay Least

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia N. Soulakova ◽  
Trung Ha
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Purchase Price ◽  
Ethnic Inequalities ◽  
Racial Ethnic

1488-P: Closing the Racial/Ethnic Disparity Gap in Kidney Failure from Diabetes in the United States, 2000-2016

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1488-P
Author(s):  
NILKA RIOS BURROWS ◽  
YAN ZHANG ◽  
ISRAEL A. HORA ◽  
MEDA E. PAVKOV ◽  
GIUSEPPINA IMPERATORE
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Kidney Failure ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ethnic Disparity ◽  
Racial Ethnic

The Politics of US Latino Literature and American Realism

2019 ◽  
pp. 231-248
Author(s):  
Ramón J. Guerra
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Mexican Revolution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spanish American ◽  
Spanish American War ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Latino Literature ◽  
The Common ◽  
Racial Ethnic

This chapter examines the development of Latino literature in the United States during the time when realism emerged as a dominant aesthetic representation. Beginning with the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848) and including the migrations resulting from the Spanish-American War (1898) and the Mexican Revolution (1910), Latinos in the United States began to realistically craft an identity served by a sense of displacement. Latinos living in the United States as a result of migration or exile were concerned with similar issues, including but not limited to their predominant status as working-class, loss of homeland and culture, social justice, and racial/ethnic profiling or discrimination. The literature produced during the latter part of the nineteenth century by some Latinos began to merge the influence of romantic style with a more socially conscious manner to reproduce the lives of ordinary men and women, draw out the specifics of their existence, characterize their dialects, and connect larger issues to the concerns of the common man, among other realist techniques.

scholarly journals IMPROVING HYPERTENSION CONTROL IN THE UNITED STATES: UNDERSTANDING RACIAL/ETHNIC DIFFERENCES IN THE BLOOD PRESSURE CASCADE

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (18) ◽  
pp. 1475
Author(s):  
Rahul Aggarwal ◽  
Nicholas Chiu ◽  
Rishi Wadhera ◽  
Andrew Moran ◽  
Changyu Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hypertension Control ◽  
Racial Ethnic

scholarly journals PM2.5 polluters disproportionately and systemically affect people of color in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (18) ◽  
pp. eabf4491
Author(s):  
Christopher W. Tessum ◽  
David A. Paolella ◽  
Sarah E. Chambliss ◽  
Joshua S. Apte ◽  
Jason D. Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
The United States ◽  
People Of Color ◽  
Emission Sources ◽  
Particulate Air Pollution ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Exposure Levels ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Racial-ethnic minorities in the United States are exposed to disproportionately high levels of ambient fine particulate air pollution (PM2.5), the largest environmental cause of human mortality. However, it is unknown which emission sources drive this disparity and whether differences exist by emission sector, geography, or demographics. Quantifying the PM2.5 exposure caused by each emitter type, we show that nearly all major emission categories—consistently across states, urban and rural areas, income levels, and exposure levels—contribute to the systemic PM2.5 exposure disparity experienced by people of color. We identify the most inequitable emission source types by state and city, thereby highlighting potential opportunities for addressing this persistent environmental inequity.

scholarly journals Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Years of Potential Life Lost Attributable to COVID-19 in the United States: An Analysis of 45 States and the District of Columbia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 2921
Author(s):  
Jay J. Xu ◽  
Jarvis T. Chen ◽  
Thomas R. Belin ◽  
Ronald S. Brookmeyer ◽  
Marc A. Suchard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
District Of Columbia ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Attributable Mortality ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
Degree Of Association ◽  
Racial Ethnic

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic in the United States has disproportionately impacted communities of color across the country. Focusing on COVID-19-attributable mortality, we expand upon a national comparative analysis of years of potential life lost (YPLL) attributable to COVID-19 by race/ethnicity (Bassett et al., 2020), estimating percentages of total YPLL for non-Hispanic Whites, non-Hispanic Blacks, Hispanics, non-Hispanic Asians, and non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Natives, contrasting them with their respective percent population shares, as well as age-adjusted YPLL rate ratios—anchoring comparisons to non-Hispanic Whites—in each of 45 states and the District of Columbia using data from the National Center for Health Statistics as of 30 December 2020. Using a novel Monte Carlo simulation procedure to perform estimation, our results reveal substantial racial/ethnic disparities in COVID-19-attributable YPLL across states, with a prevailing pattern of non-Hispanic Blacks and Hispanics experiencing disproportionately high and non-Hispanic Whites experiencing disproportionately low COVID-19-attributable YPLL. Furthermore, estimated disparities are generally more pronounced when measuring mortality in terms of YPLL compared to death counts, reflecting the greater intensity of the disparities at younger ages. We also find substantial state-to-state variability in the magnitudes of the estimated racial/ethnic disparities, suggesting that they are driven in large part by social determinants of health whose degree of association with race/ethnicity varies by state.

scholarly journals Eliminating Racial/Ethnic Disparities in AIDS Clinical Trials in the United States: A Qualitative Exploration of an Efficacious Social/Behavioral Intervention

2017 ◽  
Vol 08 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Ritchie ◽  
Marya Viorst Gwadz ◽  
David Perlman ◽  
Rebecca De Guzman ◽  
Noelle R Leoard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Aids Clinical Trials ◽  
Qualitative Exploration ◽  
Racial Ethnic

scholarly journals Racial/Ethnic Disparities in ART Adherence in the United States

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 466-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane M. Simoni ◽  
David Huh ◽  
Ira B. Wilson ◽  
Jie Shen ◽  
Kathy Goggin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
The United States ◽  
Art Adherence ◽  
Racial Ethnic

scholarly journals Imagining Her Future: Diversity in Mothers’ Socialization Goals for Their Adolescent Daughters

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 593-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Ramirez ◽  
Linda Oshin ◽  
Stephanie Milan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African American ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Low Income ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Traits ◽  
Socialization Goals ◽  
Racial Ethnic ◽  
Q Sort

According to developmental niche theory, members of different cultural and ethnic groups often have distinct ideas about what children need to become well-adapted adults. These beliefs are reflected in parents’ long-term socialization goals for their children. In this study, we test whether specific themes that have been deemed important in literature on diverse families in the United States (e.g., Strong Black Woman [SBW], marianismo, familismo) are evident in mothers’ long-term socialization goals. Participants included 192 mothers of teenage daughters from a low-income city in the United States (58% Latina, 22% African American, and 20% European American [EA]/White). Socialization goals were assessed through a q-sort task on important traits for a woman to possess and content analysis of open-ended responses about what values mothers hoped they would transmit to their daughters as they become adults. Results from ANCOVAs and logistic regression indicate significant racial/ethnic differences on both tasks consistent with hypotheses. On the q-sort task, African American mothers put more importance on women possessing traits such as independence than mothers from other racial/ethnic groups. Similarly, they were more likely to emphasize self-confidence and strength in what they hoped to transmit to their daughters. Contrary to expectation, Latina mothers did not emphasize social traits on the q-sort; however, in open-ended responses, they were more likely to focus on the importance of motherhood, one aspect of marianismo and familismo. Overall, results suggest that these mothers’ long-term socialization goals incorporate culturally relevant values considered important for African American and Latino families.

Using Allostatic Load to Validate Self-rated Health for Racial/Ethnic Groups in the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis R. Santos-Lozada ◽  
Jeffrey T. Howard
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Allostatic Load ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Racial Ethnic
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