AMERICAN REGIONAL LEXICAL SURVEY: GENDER AND AGE IN LEXICAL CHANGE IN THE SOUTHERN UNITED STATES

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Carol Little
Keyword(s):  
American South ◽  
Lexical Item ◽  
Population Demographics ◽  
Lexical Choice ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Lexical Change ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
The American South ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Over Time

The American South has always been a distinct linguistic region. Using data from the American Regional Lexical Survey, this study shows the overall decline in use of Southern lexical terms. The following explores these changes in lexical choice in this region by comparing gender over time. Women’s choice to use Southern lexical items decreases whereas men’s usage of Southern lexical items increases significantly in the youngest generation. The results from this survey depict the effects of changing population demographics and labour statistics on choice of lexical item.

The Heights of American Slaves: New Evidence on Slave Nutrition and Health

1982 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 516-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Margo ◽  
Richard H. Steckel
Keyword(s):  
American South ◽  
Slave Narratives ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Average Quality ◽  
Nutrition And Health ◽  
Nutritional Adequacy ◽  
The American South ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Over Time

In recent years the nutritional adequacy of the slave diet has received increasing attention from historians. Scholars have analyzed a wide array of sources such as the manuscript censuses of agriculture and population, the ex-slave narratives, diaries, plantation account books, and agricultural and medical journals to shed new light on the quantities, varieties, and nutritional content of foods consumed by slaves (Fogel and Engerman, 1974; Owens, 1976; Sutch, 1975; Kiple and Kiple, 1977; Savitt, 1978; Crawford, 1980; Kahn, 1983). While these studies have yielded considerable information on the average quality of the slave diet in the American South or for slaves in particular localities, relatively little systematic evidence has been available to date on how the level of nutrition varied among different groups in the slave population, and over time.

The Gaithers and Southern Gospel

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan P. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
American South ◽  
Regional Identity ◽  
Gospel Music ◽  
Musical Style ◽  
Evangelical Christians ◽  
Community Norms ◽  
The American South ◽  
Using Data

This ethnography examines songwriters Bill and Gloria Gaithers’ Homecoming video and concert series. The Homecomings re-present the “southern gospel” subgenre of gospel music—a musical style popular among white evangelical Christians in the American South and Midwest. The book explores how the Gaithers negotiate the tension between preservation and modification of community norms as they seek simultaneously to maintain and expand their audience, and to initiate and respond to ideological shifts within their fan base’s culture. Using data he collected from his immersion in the Homecoming catalogue, his attendance of numerous concerts and tapings, and his extensive conversations with Homecoming fans and the Gaithers themselves, Harper reveals the Homecomings to be a crucible of American religious, racial, sexual and regional identity formation.

scholarly journals Micro-change and Macro-change in Diachronic Syntax

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Recent Literature ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Lexical Item ◽  
Verb Second ◽  
Diachronic Syntax ◽  
Lexical Change ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Syntactic Properties ◽  
Insight Into

This volume contains sixteen chapters addressing the process of syntactic change at different granularities. The language-particular component of a grammar is now usually assumed to be nothing more than the specification of the grammatical properties of a set of lexical items. Accordingly, grammar change must reduce to lexical change. And yet these micro-changes can cumulatively alter the typological character of a language (a macro-change). A central puzzle in diachronic syntax is how to relate macro-changes to micro-changes. Several chapters in this volume describe specific micro-changes: changes in the syntactic properties of a particular lexical item or class of lexical items. Other chapters explore links between micro-change and macro-change, using devices such as grammar competition at the individual and population level, recurring diachronic pathways, and links between acquisition biases and diachronic processes. This book is therefore a great companion to the recent literature on micro- versus macro-approaches to parameters in synchronic syntax. One of its important contributions is the demonstration that we can learn a great deal about synchronic linguistics through the way languages change: the case studies included provide diachronic insight into many syntactic constructions that have been the target of extensive recent synchronic research, including tense, aspect, relative clauses, stylistic fronting, verb second, demonstratives, and negation. Languages discussed include several archaic and contemporary Romance and Germanic varieties, as well as Greek, Hungarian, and Chinese, among many others.

Hemispheric Parallax: South America and the American South

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Giles
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
American Literature ◽  
William Faulkner ◽  
American South ◽  
Elizabeth Bishop ◽  
Jose Marti ◽  
William Gilmore Simms ◽  
Variable Nature ◽  
The American South ◽  
Over Time

This chapter examines how the contours of American literature have changed over time by focusing on the shifting geospatial dynamics associated with the American South. In particular, it juxtaposes South America with the American South in order to highlight the historically variable nature of their interrelationship and the complicated ways in which these domains have intersected over time. The chapter first considers how the American South was imagined in the writings of William Bartram, William Gilmore Simms, and José Martí before discussing the notions of southern “regionalism” and pseudo-geography in the works of Zora Neale Hurston and Elizabeth Bishop. It also analyzes the fiction of William Faulkner and Frederick Barthelme.

Torture and Desecration in the American South, an Exclamation Point on White Supremacy, 1877–1950

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 319-342
Author(s):  
E. M. Beck ◽  
Stewart E. Tolnay
Keyword(s):  
White Supremacy ◽  
American South ◽  
Southern States ◽  
The American South ◽  
Over Time

Prior research has revealed a great deal about the frequency of southern lynchings and how and why they varied in intensity across space and over time. In this study, we consider two characteristics of lynching incidents about which there has been much speculation, but little actual evidence: (1) whether the victim was tortured before death and (2) whether the victim’s corpse was desecrated. We use data on 3,767 completed lynchings in 11 southern states between 1877 and 1950 to describe the frequency with which antemortem torture and postmortem desecration occurred and to determine what factors were most important in shaping the likelihood of both. We conclude that 7.7 percent of victims were physically tortured prior to death and that 8.2 percent had their bodies desecrated. Both torture and desecration were more likely to occur after 1910 and when lynchings were carried out by larger mobs. Victims accused of gender-related crimes were more likely than others to be tortured or desecrated.

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