Metodika dichotickej stimulácie v neuropsychologickej diagnostike

TESTFÓRUM ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
Marián Špajdel ◽  
Katarína Jariabková
Keyword(s):  
Dichotic Listening ◽  
Hemispheric Specialization ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Neurologically Impaired ◽  
Environmental Sounds ◽  
Verbal Stimuli ◽  
Cerebral Dysfunction ◽  
Neurologically Impaired Patients ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Dichotická stimulácia sa popri výskume funkčnej asymetrie hemisfér využíva predovšetkým v neuropsychologickej diagnostike. Pri dichotickej stimulácii vyšetrovaná osoba počúva naraz dva odlišné podnety, pričom jeden sa podáva do pravého ucha a druhý do ľavého ucha. Profil laterálnych rozdielov a celkových výkonov v reprodukcii počutých podnetov môže reflektovať mozgové dysfunkcie rozličnej etiológie. V rámci neuropsychologickej diagnostiky možno metodiku využiť pri sledovaní sluchovej diskriminácie a percepcie rečových podnetov, environmentálnych zvukov a sekvencií tónov a ich lateralizácie, pri diagnostike pozornostných a pamäťových procesov a taktiež  pri sledovaní úspešnosti neuropsychologickej rehabilitácie.  Príspevok opisuje nami vytvorenú metodiku dichotickej stimulácie s neverbálnymi a verbálnymi podnetmi (Špajdel, Jariabková, 2008), ktorá obsahuje štyri druhy podnetov: sekvencie tónov, environmentálne zvuky, slabiky, slová. Overovanie metodiky u bežnej populácie ukázalo dobrú test-retestovú reliabilitu. Výkony v dichotickej stimulácii signifikantne korelovali s mozgovou aktivitou meranou prostredníctvom evokovaných potenciálov. Na hodnotenie výkonov môžu slúžiť percentilové normy vytvorené na základe výsledkov 73 pravoručných osôb z bežnej  populácie.The dichotic listening paradigm, in which two different auditory stimuli are presented at the same time − one to each ear, has been widely used to study the nature of hemispheric specialization. Nevertheless, dichotic listening seems to be useful in demonstrating cerebral dysfunction in neurologically impaired patients. Dichotic listening does not tap exclusively the temporal lobe function but other cortical and subcortical areas are also involved what is reflected on specific dichotic listening performance. Our dichotic listening method (Špajdel, Jariabková, 2008) using nonverbal stimuli (environmental sounds, two-tone sequences) as well as verbal stimuli (CV syllables, CVC nouns) is decribed. Test-retest reliability was high for all four tasks administered. We found, that dichotic listening performance is in strong relationship with brain electric  acitivy measured by evoked potentials. Percentile norms based on the performance of 73 right-handed subjects aged 18 – 30 years are ready to use.

Neuropsychological Consequences of the Exposure of a Group of Telephonists to Unusual Auditory Stimuli

1993 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 775-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kaprinis ◽  
A. Tzavaras
Keyword(s):  
Dichotic Listening ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Verbal Stimuli ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Telephone Operators ◽  
Clear Shift ◽  
The Right

A group of 144 right-handed telephone operators reported a number of psychosomatic complaints after long-lasting unusual presentation of auditory stimuli to their left ears during working hours. The main finding of the study of their hemisphere organisation for verbal stimuli, as measured by dichotic listening to pairs of digits, is that the group displayed a clear shift of the right-ear preference to the left and differed significantly from the control group of 40 persons. The finding was verified by a follow-up study conducted eight years later.

The attenuation of auditory neglect by implicit cues

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 649-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. RAND COLEMAN ◽  
J. MICHAEL WILLIAMS
Keyword(s):  
Dichotic Listening ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Auditory Information ◽  
Compound Words ◽  
Specific Content ◽  
Verbal Stimuli ◽  
Right Cerebral Hemisphere ◽  
The Right ◽  
Cerebral Processing ◽  
Language Content

This study examined implicit semantic and rhyming cues on perception of auditory stimuli among nonaphasic participants who suffered a lesion of the right cerebral hemisphere and auditory neglect of sound perceived by the left ear. Because language represents an elaborate processing of auditory stimuli and the language centers were intact among these patients, it was hypothesized that interactive verbal stimuli presented in a dichotic manner would attenuate neglect. The selected participants were administered an experimental dichotic listening test composed of six types of word pairs: unrelated words, synonyms, antonyms, categorically related words, compound words, and rhyming words. Presentation of word pairs that were semantically related resulted in a dramatic reduction of auditory neglect. Dichotic presentations of rhyming words exacerbated auditory neglect. These findings suggest that the perception of auditory information is strongly affected by the specific content conveyed by the auditory system. Language centers will process a degraded stimulus that contains salient language content. A degraded auditory stimulus is neglected if it is devoid of content that activates the language centers or other cognitive systems. In general, these findings suggest that auditory neglect involves a complex interaction of intact and impaired cerebral processing centers with content that is selectively processed by these centers (JINS, 2006, 12, 649–656.)

Gait Assessment for Neurologically Impaired Patients

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 1530-1539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen K. Holden ◽  
Kathleen M. Gill ◽  
Marie R. Magliozzi
Keyword(s):  
Neurologically Impaired ◽  
Gait Assessment ◽  
Neurologically Impaired Patients

Causal Uncertainty and Contextual Cues in the Recognition of Environmental Sounds

1988 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-251
Author(s):  
R. Timothy Mullins
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Auditory Information ◽  
Contextual Cues ◽  
Environmental Sounds ◽  
Causal Uncertainty ◽  
Natural Settings ◽  
Causal Event

Previous research has supported the hypothesis that the recognition of environmental sounds is complicated by uncertainty caused by the number of potential causes of that sound. In natural settings, contextual cues often help to specify the source of ambiguous sounds. This proposes the question of whether contextual cues can overpower auditory information to establish causal certainty of otherwise ambiguous environmental sounds. A study was conducted to examine this possibility. The results showed that contextual cues could have powerful effects on the judgement of the causal event of auditory stimuli. This result could have implications for tasks which are dependent on discrimination of auditory events. In particular, if a discrimination between two auditory events is critical, the effects of auditory context suggest that two or more possible alternatives might be indistinguishable in context and should be isolated for purposes of contrast.

Effect of a Mid-Series Anchor on Absolute Judgments of Duration by Schizophrenics, Neurologically Impaired, and Normals

1975 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 671-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan A. Locke
Keyword(s):  
Information Transmission ◽  
Interstimulus Interval ◽  
Judgment Task ◽  
Absolute Judgment ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Experimental Task ◽  
Neurologically Impaired ◽  
The Absolute

36 normal, 36 schizophrenic, and 36 neurologically impaired Ss were compared for their ability to temporally discriminate brief auditory stimuli. The experimental task was the absolute judgment of 3, 5, or 9 stimuli ranging in duration from 0.10 to 1.90 sec. Half of the Ss in each group were “assisted” by the presentation of a repeated mid-series anchor. The interval between the presentation of the anchor and the variable stimuli was varied. With the addition of a mid-series anchor, normal Ss demonstrated an increase in information transmission and a decrease in response stereotypy; schizophrenics demonstrated a slight decrease in information transmission and a slight increase in response stereotypy; neurologically impaired Ss were essentially unaffected. Changes in interstimulus interval on the anchored judgment task did not influence information transmission.

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