The Eco Power System - A GWH Class Underwater Compressed Air Energy Storage System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian James Cheater
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
System A ◽  
Storage Solutions ◽  
On Line

Energy storage will be essential for grid stability as an increasing amount of intermittent renewable energy (such as offshore wind or solar) is brought on-line. Currently accepted storage solutions are limited by opportunity (pumped hydro) or by limitations on strategic materials such as vanadium, cobalt and lithium. The ECO system does not suffer from these limitations and it is scalable into the gigawatt-hour ange using an extrapolation of available offshore technology at a cost low enough to be financially viable using just arbitrage on the daily retail energy market using any combination of wind and solar power. Beyond this, the system has the potential to scale up to provide strategic levels of grid storage for longer averaging periods. This paper will present the technical design of an efficient and viable offshore compressed air energy system.

Integrating Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) in Floating Offshore Wind Turbines

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter P. Vella ◽  
Tonio Sant ◽  
Robert N. Farrugia
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Round Trip ◽  
Storage Vessel

Abstract The design of an offshore energy storage system carries unknowns which need to be studied at an early stage of the project to avoid unnecessary costs of failures. These risks have led to an increasing dependence on more sophisticated mathematical models. This paper refers specifically to energy storage in the offshore wind farming industry and has the objective of proposing an adiabatic compressed air energy (A-CAES) system which would be integrated on a semi-submersible offshore wind turbine (OWT) platform. Calculations in respect to the sizing of the main sub-components of the system are included and estimates for the overall round trip efficiency are presented. Preliminary calculations to size the various parts of the energy storage system (ESS) have been carried out based on the energy availability of an offshore 8 MW wind turbine with real wind data from the North Sea. The load data to determine the lowest 12-hour demand period was taken from the Nordpool database. The calculations of the proposed conceptual design are based on an operational scenario in which the 24-hour period of a particular day is split in a 12-hour charging and 12-hour discharging cycle. For charging, a 5-bank, 2-stage compressor train is used to pressurize a number of steel cylindrical vessels with compressed air. This is followed by a process in which the compressed air is discharged across 12 hours using a 2-bank, 2-stage expander turbine. The multiple compression banks enable a modular power delivery to the air storage vessels, with the number of compressors utilized varying subject to wind availability. The two stages allowed for the air to be cooled in between the stages using heat exchangers, transferring the heat of compression to a pressurized sea water circuit. The hot water would be stored in thermally insulated vessels at 350°C to heat the inlet expanding air in the discharge period. A 70 and 100 Bar charging scenarios, both with a cushion pressure (CP) in the air storage vessel (ASV) of 10 Bar at the end of the discharge cycle have been considered. Standard performance criteria are calculated such as compression and expansion ratios, inlet and outlet temperatures for the respective expansion and compression air streams and flow rates within the heat exchangers to come up with an indicative sizing proposal for the respective turbo machinery and storage vessels making up the system. Round trip efficiencies are also calculated. The study determined that a CAES system consisting of 9 compressed air storage vessels operating with a peak pressure of 100 Bar should meet the storage requirements. It is also estimated that the entire CAES system would require around 1082 m2 of deck area on the platform to accommodate the pressure vessels, the compressor and expander trains, the heat exchanger and the hot water storage vessel.

scholarly journals Optimal Design of a Hybrid Energy System for the Supply of Clean and Stable Energy to Offshore Installations

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Riboldi ◽  
Erick F. Alves ◽  
Marcin Pilarczyk ◽  
Elisabetta Tedeschi ◽  
Lars O. Nord
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Optimal Design ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Comprehensive Picture

This paper presents an innovative hybrid energy system for stable power and heat supply in offshore oil and gas installations. The proposed concept integrates offshore wind power, onsite gas turbines and an energy storage system based on fuel cell and electrolyzer stacks. It is expected to be an effective option to decarbonize the offshore petroleum sector as it allows a more extensive exploitation of the offshore wind resource by means of energy storage. To ascertain its potential, an integrated model was developed. The integrated model allows to simulate the process and electric grid performances. The inclusion of both domains provides a comprehensive picture of a given design operational performance. The feasibility of the proposed concept was first investigated through a parametric analysis where an understanding of its potential and limitations was gained. A rigorous optimization was then implemented to identify the designs resulting in the best performances and ultimately to obtain a comprehensive picture of the suitability of the concept. It is shown that a well-designed system can reduce carbon emissions compared, not only to a standard concept based on gas turbines (almost 1,300 kt less CO2 emissions, making up for a relative 36% reduction), but also to the integration of a wind farm alone (more than 70 kt less CO2 emissions, making up for a relative 3% reduction, but complying with grid dynamics requirements). Moreover, the energy storage system brings benefits to the electric grid stability and allows the integration of large wind power capacity without overpassing the 2% maximum frequency variation (as it is the case without energy storage). Not least, the optimization showed that the definition of an optimal design is a complex task, with little margin to further gains in terms of carbon emissions, likely due to technological limitations.

Modeling an Energy Storage System Based on a Hybrid Renewable Energy System in Stand-alone Applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2641-2645
Author(s):  
Alexandru Ciocan ◽  
Ovidiu Mihai Balan ◽  
Mihaela Ramona Buga ◽  
Tudor Prisecaru ◽  
Mohand Tazerout
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Compressed Air ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Hybrid Renewable Energy System

The current paper presents an energy storage system that stores the excessive energy, provided by a hybrid system of renewable energy sources, in the form of compressed air and thermal heat. Using energy storage systems together with renewable energy sources represents a major challenge that could ensure the transition to a viable economic future and a decarbonized economy. Thermodynamic calculations are conducted to investigate the performance of such systems by using Matlab simulation tools. The results indicate the values of primary and global efficiencies for various operating scenarios for the energy storage systems which use compressed air as medium storage, and shows that these could be very effective systems, proving the possibility to supply to the final user three types of energy: electricity, heat and cold function of his needs.

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