A Study of the Prevalence of Dry Eye in Type 2 Diabetes Patients and Correlation with Severity and Duration of Diabetes

Abstract Background Diabetes remains poorly controlled in a high proportion of diabetes patients. This study examines the prevalence of poor glycaemic control and associated factors in type 2 diabetes patients in the Beni-Mellal Khenifra region in Morocco. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2017 among 1456 diabetes patients attending primary health centres. Demographic and clinical data were collected through face-to-face interviews using structured and pre-tested questionnaires. Anthropometric measurements, including body weight, height and waist circumference were taken using standardized techniques and calibrated equipment. Glycaemic control was assessed in terms of the glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level and poor glycaemic control was defined as HbA1c ≥7% and a level <7% reflects good glycaemic control. Results Of the total participants, 66.3% had poor glycaemic control. Bivariate analysis showed that sex (p=0.010), education level (p=0.013), body mass index (p=0.048), duration of diabetes (p<0.0001) and type of therapeutic regimen (p<0.0001) were significantly associated with HbA1c level. However, multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that only a longer duration of diabetes (OR 1.525 [95% confidence interval {CI} 1.183–1.967], p=0.001) and receiving insulin therapy alone (OR 1.589 [95% CI 1.157–2.183], p=0.004) or a combination of oral antidiabetics with insulin (OR 2.554 [95% CI 1.786–3.653], p<0.001) were significantly associated with inadequate glycaemic control. Conclusions Despite the particularities of the region, the findings about glycaemic control and its cross-sectionally associated factors are in line with findings from other regions of Morocco. In this subgroup, the longer duration of diabetes and insulin treatment could constitute a cause leading to poor glycaemic control. However, inverse causality cannot be excluded.

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The Effect of Online Support of an Internet Plus Shared Care Diabetes Management Model on Metabolic Indicators for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes During the COVID-19 Pandemic

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1085392/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ang Li ◽

GUO Xiaohui ◽

Lin Liu ◽

Xiaoyong Yuan ◽

Difei Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Diabetes Management ◽

Online Communication ◽

Average Treatment Effect ◽

Shared Care ◽

Management Model ◽

Online Support ◽

Duration Of Diabetes ◽

Diabetes Patients

Abstract Purpose: This study aimed to explore the influences of online support of an Internet plus Shared Care diabetes management model on metabolic indicators and the differences before and after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Method: Type 2 diabetes patients who visited the Peking University First Hospital Internet plus Shared Care clinic from May 18, 2020 to June 20, 2020 (after the COVID-19 pandemic subsided) were enrolled in the study. The age, gender, usage of insulin, and duration of diabetes of the patients were collected. The glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), interval between two consecutive visits, communication frequencies with online diabetes educators through an app, online self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) and upload count and SMBG pairing count (before–after meal) were collected before (prior to January 20, 2020) and after (from May 18, 2020 to June 20, 2020) the COVID-19 pandemic for logistic regression analysis. The R-3.4.4 and TWANG programs were used for analysis. The group of patients whose HbA1c did not change during the pandemic was the control group, while the group of patients with improved HbA1c was the dependent variable. Independent variables included age, gender, duration of disease, insulin usage, online communication amount, SMBG count, and SMBG pairing count. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied with age, duration, gender, body mass index (BMI), HbA1c, low density lipoprotein- cholesterol (LDL-C), and blood pressure (BP) at baseline as the concomitant variable. After the PSM weighting, the average treatment effect (ATE) of post-pandemic BMI, HbA1c, LDL-C, and BP was compared with the baseline. Results: A total of 387 patients were enrolled in the study including 184 female (47.5%). The baseline values were the following: age, 61.7±9.4 year;, duration of diabetes, 11.7±8.2 years; BMI, 25.9±3.8Kg/m2; HbA1c, 7.2±1.3%; LDL-C, 2.49±0.85mmol/L; systolic BP, 130.8±14.9 mmHg; and diastolic BP, 81.1±40.9 mmHg. Among variables, online communication amounted to a statistically significant contribution to the HbA1c improvement after the COVID-19 pandemic (OR=2.178, p=0.003). During the pandemic, each patient received 18 (3, 56) times online communication support per quarter. Patients were divided into four groups by quartiles: Q1 (more than 56 times/quarter, n=95), Q2 (18–56 times/quarter, n=97), Q3 (3–18 times/quarter, n=93), and Q4 (0–3 times/quarter, n=102). After PSM, post-pandemic data showed significant differences. Between-group variance was found in HbA1c (Q1 vs. Q3, -0.42±0.16%, p=0.009; Q1 vs. Q4, -0.53±0.15%, p=0.0009) and BMI (Q1 vs. Q3, -1.2±0.5, p=0.02; Q1 vs. Q4 -1.5±0.7, p=0.01) of patients.Conclusion: During the COVID-19 pandemic, high-quality online support of the Internet plus Shared Care diabetes management model can significantly improve the HbA1c and BMI of type 2 diabetes patients.

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Association of sensorineural hearing loss in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: an analytical cross sectional study

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20214896 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 31

Author(s):

Jeevan Jyoti ◽

Ihsan Ali ◽

Syed Waseem Abbas

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Hearing Loss ◽

Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽

Sensorineural Hearing ◽

Duration Of Diabetes ◽

Control Of Diabetes ◽

And Control ◽

Diabetes Patients

Background: The association of sensorineural hearing loss in diabetes mellitus patients is known since decades, yet there is no clear consensus among previous studies, with respect to the prevalence of SNHL in type 2 diabetes patients and the effect of duration and control of diabetes on hearing acuity. Hence the objectives of this study are to find the prevalence of SNHL in type 2 diabetes patients and to find the effect of duration and control of diabetes on hearing loss.Methods: The present study was conducted on 100 type 2 diabetes patients and age and gender matched 100 non- diabetic controls in the age group of <50 years, selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. After detailed history taking and clinical examination, all subjects underwent FBS, PPBS estimation and HbA1c evaluation was done for diabetic patients. All underwent pure tone audiometry, DPOAE and BERA and the findings were recorded and analyzed.Results: Diabetes patients had insidious onset, gradually progressive, bilaterally symmetrical SNHL. SNHL is prevalent in 73% of type 2 diabetes patients compared to 16% of controls. It is aggravated with the increasing age and duration of diabetes. Poor control of diabetes showed increased prevalence of SNHL compared to good control of diabetes.Conclusions: There is increased prevalence of SNHL in type 2 diabetes patients and it is more evident in patients with long duration of diabetes and more pronounced in patients with poor diabetic control.

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Prevalence and Correlates of Microalbuminuria among Type 2 Diabetes Patients at Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Rwanda Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences ◽

10.4314/rjmhs.v4i1.7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 84-97

Author(s):

Evelyne Kantarama ◽

Dieudonne Uwizeye ◽

Teddy Mselle

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Cardiovascular Complications ◽

Muhimbili National Hospital ◽

National Hospital ◽

High Blood Sugar ◽

Duration Of Diabetes ◽

Regular Screening ◽

Diabetes Patients

Background Regular screening for microalbuminuria among type 2 diabetes patients is less common in most low-income countries while it is an early marker of diabetic nephropathy and cardiovascular complications. Objective This study aims to assess the need for regular screening for microalbuminuria among type 2 diabetes patients. Methodology with cross-sectional approach, 124 diabetic patients were recruited at Muhimbili National Hospital, in Tanzania; their age, gender, body mass index, fasting blood sugar levels (by Accu Chek Active Glucometer), random urine albumin levels (by Microalbumin 2-1 Combo Test Strips), and the duration of diabetes were recorded. Results The study indicated that 62.1% of the participants were microalbuminuric while 2.4% were macroalbuminuric. The risk of microalbuminuria was 4.55 higher in patients aged 60-69 years (95% CI: 1.32-16.51), and 17.4 times higher in patients aged 70 and above (95% CI: 1.49-202.86) compared to individuals aged below 50 years. Patients with high blood sugar level had a risk of 8.09 times higher compared to those with normal blood sugar (CI: 2.53-25.86). Also, the odds were 7.89 higher in patients who lived with diabetes for 10-14 years compared to those lived with the disease less than 5 years (95% CI:1.33-45.59). Conclusion The odds of microalbuminuria increased significantly as the patient gets older, with high blood sugar, and the duration of diabetes. Health policies need to establish programs that enhance care at the diabetic clinic through regular screening for microalbuminuria to reduce the risk of developing kidney and cardiovascular complications. Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2021;4(1):84-97

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Prevalence and progression rate of diabetic polyneuropathy in type 2 diabetes patients in correlation with the duration of diabetes

10.1055/s-0039-1688250 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

M Voigt ◽

B Christoph ◽

N Müller ◽

G Eidner ◽

C Kloos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Diabetic Polyneuropathy ◽

Progression Rate ◽

Duration Of Diabetes ◽

Diabetes Patients

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Prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss in type 2 diabetes mellitus

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20193860 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. 1227

Author(s):

Jyothi Anand Chavadaki ◽

Mohammed Nadeem Afroze Malli

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Hearing Loss ◽

Sensorineural Hearing Loss ◽

Sensorineural Hearing ◽

Duration Of Diabetes ◽

Control Of Diabetes ◽

And Control ◽

Diabetes Patients

Background: The association of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in diabetes mellitus patients is known since decades, yet there is no clear consensus among previous studies, with respect to the prevalence of SNHL in type 2 diabetes patients and the effect of duration and control of diabetes on hearing acuity. Hence the objectives of this study are to find the prevalence of SNHL in type 2 diabetes patients and to find the effect of duration and control of diabetes on hearing loss.Methods: The present study was conducted on 86 type 2 diabetes patients attending Navodaya Medical College Hospital, Raichur and age and gender matched 86 non- diabetic controls in the age group of 30-65 years, selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. After detailed history taking and clinical examination, all subjects underwent FBS, PPBS estimation and HbA1c evaluation was done for diabetic patients. All underwent pure tone audiometry and the findings were recorded and analyzed. Results: Diabetes patients had insidious onset, gradually progressive, bilaterally symmetrical SNHL. SNHL is prevalent in 67.44% of type 2 diabetes patients compared to 23.26% of controls. It is aggravated with the increasing age and duration of diabetes. Poor control of diabetes showed increased prevalence of SNHL compared to good control of diabetes.Conclusions: There is increased prevalence of SNHL in type 2 diabetes patients and it is more evident in patients with long duration of diabetes and more pronounced in patients with poor diabetic control.

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