scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Regional Difference of the Frequency of Generations of the Mulberry Scale, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona TARGIONI, Parasitic on Tea Plants

1975 ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Kazuki SHINANO ◽  
Takashige TERADA ◽  
Minoru IMANISHI
Keyword(s):  
Regional Difference ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona ◽  
Tea Plants

Chloride and amino acids are associated with K+-alleviated drought stress in tea (Camellia sinesis)

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianchen Zhang ◽  
Honghong Wu ◽  
Jingguang Chen ◽  
Linmu Chen ◽  
Xiaochun Wan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Tea Plant ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Tea Plants

Drought is one of the main limiting factors affecting tea plant yield and quality. Previous studies have reported that K+ (potassium) application significantly alleviated drought-induced damage in tea plants. However, the intrinsic mechanisms underlying K+-alleviated drought stress are still obscure. In our study, two contrasting varieties, Taicha12 (drought tolerant) and Fuyun6 (drought sensitive), were used to investigate the intrinsic mechanisms behind K+-alleviated drought stress in tea plants. In the present study, we compared with the case of tea plants under drought: higher water and chlorophyll contents were found in drought-stressed tea plants with an external K+ supply, confirming the role of externally supplied K+ in mitigating drought stress. We also found that an adequate K+ supply promoted Cl– accumulation in the mesophyll of Taicha12 (drought tolerant) over that of in Fuyun6 (drought sensitive). Moreover, Gly, Cys, Lys and Arg were not detected in Fuyun6 under ‘Drought’ or ‘Drought + K+’ conditions. Results showed that an exogenous supply of Arg and Val significantly alleviated drought-induced damage in Fuyun6, suggesting their role in K+-alleviated drought stress in tea plants. Collectively, our results show that chloride and amino acids are important components associated with K+-alleviated drought stress in tea plants.

scholarly journals Efficient isolation and purification of tissue-specific protoplasts from tea plants (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze)

Plant Methods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue-feng Xu ◽  
Hai-yan Zhu ◽  
Yin-feng Ren ◽  
Can Feng ◽  
Zhi-hao Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Tea Plant ◽  
Isolation And Purification ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Organ Tissue ◽  
Protoplast Preparation ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
Tea Plants ◽  
Mannitol Concentration

Abstract Background Plant protoplasts constitute unique single-cell systems that can be subjected to genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic analysis. An effective and sustainable method for preparing protoplasts from tea plants has yet to be established. The protoplasts were osmotically isolated, and the isolation and purification procedures were optimized. Various potential factors affecting protoplast preparation, including enzymatic composition and type, enzymatic hydrolysis duration, mannitol concentration in the enzyme solution, and iodixanol concentration, were evaluated. Results The optimal conditions were 1.5% (w/v) cellulase and 0.4–0.6% (w/v) macerozyme in a solution containing 0.4 M mannitol, enzymatic hydrolysis over 10 h, and an iodixanol concentration of 65%. The highest protoplast yield was 3.27 × 106 protoplasts g−1 fresh weight. As determined through fluorescein diacetate staining, maximal cell viability was 92.94%. The isolated protoplasts were round and regularly shaped without agglomeration, and they were less than 20 μm in diameter. Differences in preparation, with regard to yield and viability in the tissues (roots, branches, and leaves), cultivars, and cultivation method, were also observed. Conclusions In summary, we reported on a simple, efficient method for preparing protoplasts of whole-organ tissue from tea plant. The findings are expected to contribute to the rapid development of tea plant biology.

scholarly journals The conducting pheromone monitoring of the main pests of the orchard

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-16
Author(s):  
A. Borzykh ◽  
G. Tkalenko ◽  
I. Kirichuk ◽  
A. Chelombitko
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Pseudaulacaspis Pentagona ◽  
Phytosanitary Measures ◽  
Monitoring Technologies ◽  
Fruit Plantations

Goal. Analysis of the latest methods for identifying pests of an orchard using pheromone monitoring and factors affecting its implementation. Methods. The studies were carried out in accordance with modern methodological approaches to pheromone monitoring of pests of fruit plantations. Results. The principles of pheromone monitoring in an orchard are given to identify harmful and quarantine organisms, which makes it possible to obtain information about the presence of pests in a certain area, determine their number, development dynamics, and, on the basis of the data obtained, plan and carry out appropriate phytosanitary measures. The main pests of the orchard of the Lepidoptera and Hemiptera classes have been identified, monitoring of which is carried out using pheromone traps. Methodological recommendations are given for conducting pheromone monitoring in fruit plantations to identify the eastern fruit moth (Grapholitha molesta Busck), Californian and mulberry scale insects (Pseudaulacaspis pentagona Targ.-Tozzetti, Quadraspidiotus perniciosus Comst), American white butterfly (Hyphantria cune). The advantages of the pheromone method over other monitoring methods are presented. The main factors that affect the catch of pests with pheromone traps are described. Conclusions. The information obtained with the help of pheromone traps is a component of effective programs — systems of integrated plant protection against pests, which combine the use of a complex of biological, chemical, agrotechnical measures, as well as fundamental for planning measures to prevent emergencies in a phytosanitary state. The informativeness and reliability of pheromone monitoring makes it possible to substantiate and develop instrumental monitoring technologies that reduce the number of chemical treatments by up to 30%, increase labor productivity by 75%, reduce costs by 70%, and increase the efficiency and reliability of accounting.

Progress In The Practical Application Of Automated Image Analysis To Tem Negatives

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 214-217
Author(s):  
F. A. Heckman ◽  
E. Redman ◽  
J.E. Connolly
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Image Contrast ◽  
Automated Image Analysis ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
High Image Quality ◽  
Qualitative Evidence ◽  
Comprehensive Study

In our initial publication on this subject1) we reported results demonstrating that contrast is the most important factor in producing the high image quality required for reliable image analysis. We also listed the factors which enhance contrast in order of the experimentally determined magnitude of their effect. The two most powerful factors affecting image contrast attainable with sheet film are beam intensity and KV. At that time we had only qualitative evidence for the ranking of enhancing factors. Later we carried out the densitometric measurements which led to the results outlined below.Meaningful evaluations of the cause-effect relationships among the considerable number of variables in preparing EM negatives depend on doing things in a systematic way, varying only one parameter at a time. Unless otherwise noted, we adhered to the following procedure evolved during our comprehensive study:Philips EM-300; 30μ objective aperature; magnification 7000- 12000X, exposure time 1 second, anti-contamination device operating.

Factors affecting microstructural scale in liquid crystalline polymers

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 220-221
Author(s):  
Christine M. Dannels ◽  
Christopher Viney
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Liquid Crystalline Polymers ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Crystalline Polymers ◽  
Thermal Expansion Coefficients ◽  
Low Thermal Expansion ◽  
Lower Viscosity ◽  
Fine Microstructure ◽  
Planar Orientation ◽  
Strength And Stiffness

Processing polymers from the liquid crystalline state offers several advantages compared to processing from conventional fluids. These include: better axial strength and stiffness in fibers, better planar orientation in films, lower viscosity during processing, low solidification shrinkage of injection moldings (thermotropic processing), and low thermal expansion coefficients. However, the compressive strength of the solid is disappointing. Previous efforts to improve this property have focussed on synthesizing stiffer molecules. The effect of microstructural scale has been overlooked, even though its relevance to the mechanical and physical properties of more traditional materials is well established. By analogy with the behavior of metals and ceramics, one would expect a fine microstructure (i..e. a high density of orientational defects) to be desirable.Also, because much microstructural detail in liquid crystalline polymers occurs on a scale close to the wavelength of light, light is scattered on passing through these materials.

Factors affecting dentist participation in a state Medicaid program

1990 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 638-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
PC Damiano ◽  
ER Brown ◽  
JD Johnson ◽  
JP Scheetz
Keyword(s):  
Medicaid Program ◽  
Factors Affecting

Speech Therapy Services in a Large School System: A Six-Year Overview

1976 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constance P. DesRoches
Keyword(s):  
School System ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Case Load ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
School Population ◽  
System A ◽  
Therapy Services ◽  
And Shifts ◽  
Selection Factors

A statistical review provides analysis of four years of speech therapy services of a suburban school system which can be used for comparison with other school system programs. Included are data on the percentages of the school population enrolled in therapy, the categories of disabilities and the number of children in each category, the sex and grade-level distribution of those in therapy, and shifts in case-load selection. Factors affecting changes in case-load profiles are identified and discussed.

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