scholarly journals Avaliação da qualidade hídrica de poços de abastecimento do município de Juína, MT-Brasil

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-358
Author(s):  
Vanessa Caroline Manochio ◽  
Alan Cândido da Silva ◽  
Josiane De Brito Gomes
Keyword(s):  

A água é um elemento fundamental para todos os seres vivos, atuando diretamente na manutenção dos ecossistemas e ao equilíbrio ambiental e ecológico. Em Juína, é comumente utilizada água provenientes de poços, porém, estes são frequentemente construídos sem critérios técnicos adequados, tornando esta água mais susceptível à contaminação. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho buscou avaliar a qualidade da água de poços de abastecimento do bairro Módulo VI, confrontando os resultados com os padrões de potabilidades estabelecidos pela Portaria no 05/2017 do Ministério da Saúde. Para a coleta das amostras foi utilizada a metodologia proposta no Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and em duas campanhas. A primeira campanha foi realizada no mês de março de 2019, período de elevado índice pluviométrico, e a segunda campanha foi realizada no mês de julho de 2019, mês este de escassez hídrica do município. Foram analisadas amostras de água de dez poços de abastecimento, distribuídos de forma aleatória no bairro. Os parâmetros analisados foram alcalinidade, cloretos, dureza, cálcio, pH, condutividade elétrica, ferro, coliformes totais e termotolerantes. Para as análises físico-químicas, utilizou-se de medidores digitais e titulometria, respectivamente, e para as análises microbiológicas avaliou-se o desenvolvimento de colônias de bactérias em cartelas de substrato cromogênico (Colipaper). Com o intuito de verificar os efeitos da sazonalidade sobre os elementos analisados, adotou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com dois tratamentos (seco e chuvoso) e os dados dos parâmetros físico-químicos foram comparados por meio de análise de variância, em nível de 5% de probabilidade pelo teste de Fischer (Teste F). As diferenças encontradas foram comparadas por meio do teste de Scott-Knott em nível de 5% de probabilidade e submetidos ao teste de correlação de Pearson também em nível de 5% de probabilidade. Deste modo, conclui-se que a população do bairro Módulo VI, está consumindo água fora dos padrões de potabilidade estabelecido pela legislação brasileira, podendo refletir diretamente na saúde da população consumidora. Os resultados expostos nesse trabalho evidenciam a necessidade da implantação de medidas mitigadoras de forma efetiva bem como, a necessidade de monitoramento contínuo da qualidade da água do bairro Módulo VI.

Author(s):  
S. Cusack ◽  
J.-C. Jésior

Three-dimensional reconstruction techniques using electron microscopy have been principally developed for application to 2-D arrays (i.e. monolayers) of biological molecules and symmetrical single particles (e.g. helical viruses). However many biological molecules that crystallise form multilayered microcrystals which are unsuitable for study by either the standard methods of 3-D reconstruction or, because of their size, by X-ray crystallography. The grid sectioning technique enables a number of different projections of such microcrystals to be obtained in well defined directions (e.g. parallel to crystal axes) and poses the problem of how best these projections can be used to reconstruct the packing and shape of the molecules forming the microcrystal.Given sufficient projections there may be enough information to do a crystallographic reconstruction in Fourier space. We however have considered the situation where only a limited number of projections are available, as for example in the case of catalase platelets where three orthogonal and two diagonal projections have been obtained (Fig. 1).


Author(s):  
M. R. Edwards ◽  
J. D. Mainwaring

Although the general ultrastructure of Cyanidium caldarium, an acidophilic, thermophilic alga of questionable taxonomic rank, has been extensively studied (see review of literature in reference 1), some peculiar ultrastructural features of the chloroplast of this alga have not been noted by other investigators.Cells were collected and prepared for thin sections at the Yellowstone National Park and were also grown in laboratory cultures (45-52°C; pH 2-5). Fixation (glutaraldehyde-osmium), dehydration (ethanol), and embedding (Epon 812) were accomplished by standard methods. Replicas of frozenfracture d- etched cells were obtained in a Balzers apparatus. In addition, cells were examined after disruption in a French Press.


Author(s):  
J.A. Eades ◽  
A. van Dun

The measurement of magnification in the electron microscope is always troublesome especially when a goniometer stage is in use, since there can be wide variations from calibrated values. One elegant method (L.M.Brown, private communication) of avoiding the difficulties of standard methods would be to fit a device which displaces the specimen a small but known distance and recording the displacement by a double exposure. Such a device would obviate the need for changing the specimen and guarantee that the magnification was measured under precisely the conditions used.Such a small displacement could be produced by any suitable transducer mounted in one of the specimen translation mechanisms. In the present case a piezoelectric crystal was used. Modern synthetic piezo electric ceramics readily give reproducible displacements in the right range for quite modest voltages (for example: Joyce and Wilson, 1969).


1992 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
P. K. Shires ◽  
T. L. Dew

SummaryThis report has documented the repair and healing of two ilial fractures in dogs which were compounded by the presence of a cemented acetabular prosthesis. While specific recommendations can not be made from such a small number of cases, the information presented herein suggests that such fractures will heal without complication if aseptic surgical techniques and standard methods of internal fixation are employed. The authors strongly recommend the prophylactic use of intravenous antibiotics and the placement of cancellous bone graft when the repair of such fractures is attempted.Two traumatic ilial fractures involving the cement/bone interface of acetabular prostheses were repaired using lag screws, cerclage wires, and autogenous bone grafts. The fractures healed and ambulatory function was regained.


1965 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
pp. 155-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C Hemker ◽  
P.W Hemker ◽  
E. A Loeliger

SummaryApplication of the methods of enzyme-kinetic analysis to the results of clotting tests is feasible and can yield useful results. However, the standard methods of enzyme kinetics are not applicable without modifications imposed by the peculiarities of the blood-clotting enzyme system. The influence of the following complicating circumstances is calculated :1. Substrate is not present in excess.2. Only relative measures exist for concentrations of substrate or enzymes.3. Enzymes and substrates are often added together.4. Reagents are not pure.5. Clotting-time is our only measure for clotting-velocity.Formulas are deduced, which makes it possible to recognize the effect of these complications.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 28-30
Author(s):  
D. M. Zlatopolski

The article describes a number of little-known methods for translating natural numbers from one number system to another. The first is a method for converting large numbers from the decimal system to the binary system, based on multiple divisions of a given number and all intermediate quotients by 64 (or another number equal to 2n ), followed by writing the last quotient and the resulting remainders in binary form. Then two methods of mutual translation of decimal and binary numbers are described, based on the so-called «Horner scheme». An optimal variant of converting numbers into the binary number system by the method of division by 2 is also given. In conclusion, a fragment of a manuscript from the beginning of the late 16th — early 17th centuries is published with translation into the binary system by the method of highlighting the maximum degree of number 2. Assignments for independent work of students are offered.


PCI Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rémy D. Lequesne ◽  
William N. Collins ◽  
Enrico Lucon ◽  
David Darwin ◽  
Ashwin Poudel

Author(s):  
Trapti Sharma ◽  
R. P. Nagar ◽  
R. C. Gaur ◽  
Pooja Gupta ◽  
Charanjit Kaur

In Rajasthan state the ground waters of some areas like Ramganj-mandi, Morak, Barmer, Jaisalmer, Chittor and Udaipur etc. are susceptible from drinking point of view.To test the quality of groundwater in Chittor district 14, ground water samples were collected from various places and analyzed for pH, E.C., Fluoride and Nitrate parameters by standard methods (A.P.H. A., Washington, USA, 1995). The study revealed that none of the ground waters was found suitable completely from drinking point of view. Some are having electrical conductivity > 1.4 dS/m, some are having pH >8.5, some area having fluoride >1.5 ppm and some are having nitrate>45 ppm. These are the limits of various parameters permitted by various International authorities like Bureau of Indian Standard, Indian Council of Medical Research,world health Organization etc. for drinking waters. So, it is recommended to the residents of above areas to use water for drinking purpose only after reverse osmosis or adopting suitable method of removing excess of Fluoride and Nitrate for drinking water to avoid unwanted pathogenic diseases harmful for human health.


2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally M. Haase ◽  
José Sánchez ◽  
David R. Weise

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