scholarly journals Explorando habilidades requeridas para la industria 4.0: Un enfoque orientado al trabajador

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 577-588
Author(s):  
Marco Peña-Jimenez ◽  
Adalgisa Battistelli ◽  
Carlo Odoardi ◽  
Mirko Antino

Tecnologías emergentes están dando forma al mundo del trabajo, creando así una industria cada vez más digital, también conocida como "Industria 4.0". Por tanto, examinar el requirimiento de habilidades se vuelve esencial para facilitar la adaptación organizacional a esta revolución tecnológica. El objetivo de este estudio fue explorar la percepción de las habilidades requeridas por los trabajadores de una empresa manufacturera altamente tecnológica. En el Estudio 1 (n = 671), se realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio para identificar grupos relevantes de habilidades. Un año después, en el Estudio 2 (n = 176), confirmamos la estructural factorial a través de un análisis factorial confirmatorio y realizamos un análisis de curva de crecimiento latente para examinar posibles cambios en las habilidades requeridas debido al confinamiento y el trabajo remoto forzado durante la pandemia del COVID-19. Los resultados mostraron que las habilidades cognitivas, funcionales del negocio, estratégicas y de gestión de personas se consideran recursos importantes para la industria 4.0, siendo las habilidades funcionales del negocio más relevantes en el tiempo 2. Además, identificamos diferencias entre gerentes y subordinados con respecto a tales habilidades. Discutimos las implicaciones teóricas y prácticas para el desarrollo de habilidades en la era digital. Emerging technologies are shaping the world of work, thus creating an increasingly digital industry, also known as “Industry 4.0”. Thus, examining skill requirements becomes essential to facilitate organizational adaptation to this technological revolution. The aim of this study was to explore the perception of skill requirements of workers of a highly technological manufacturing company. In Study 1 (n = 671), an exploratory factor analysis was carried out to identify relevant groups of skills. A year later, in Study 2 (n = 176), we confirmed the factor structure through a confirmatory factor analysis and we conducted a latent growth curve analysis to examine potential changes of the previous skill requirements due to the lockdown and the forced remote working during the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings showed that cognitive, functional business, strategic and managing people skills are considered as important resources for the industry 4.0, being the functional business skills increasingly relevant in time 2. Moreover, we identified differences between managers and subordinates regarding such skills. We discuss theoretical and practical implications for skills development in the digital age.

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. e0207845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feifei Huang ◽  
Minqiang Zhang ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Zhe Li ◽  
Junyan Fang ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Ágnes Szabó ◽  
Andy Towers ◽  
Janie Sheridan ◽  
David Newcombe

Abstract Objective Older adults are often treated as a homogenous drinking group, but research suggests they engage with alcohol in various ways, ranging from abstention to heavy drinking. The study aimed to 1) identify subgroups of older adults based on changes in frequency and quantity of alcohol use over ten years, and 2) examine co-occurring changes in mental and physical health. Methods Data were collected between 2006 and 2016 biennially from 2632 New Zealanders (55-70 years old at baseline). Latent class growth analysis was performed to identify trajectories of alcohol use. Co-occurring changes in physical and mental health were examined using latent growth curve analysis. Results Five drinking profiles emerged: 1) infrequent, low quantity consumers; 2) highly frequent, low quantity consumers; 3) moderately frequent, high quantity consumers; 4) moderately frequent, low quantity consumers; and 5) highly frequent, high quantity consumers. Drinking trajectories demonstrated no change or slight declines in frequency and quantity over time. Frequent and moderately frequent, high quantity drinking was more prevalent among men, younger participants, and active smokers. Moderately frequent, heavy drinkers were in very poor health. Frequent and moderately frequent, low quantity drinking was associated with better health and economic wellbeing. Infrequent, low quantity consumers were more likely to be women and in poor health. Discussion The five drinking profiles indicate that older adults engage with alcohol in diverse ways. Two of these patterns indicated potentially hazardous use, which highlights the need for screening and intervention in this age group.


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