Melatonin improves the efficiency of super-ovulation and timed artificial insemination in sheep

It has been well proved that melatonin participates in the regulation of the seasonal reproduction of ewes. However, the effects of short term treatment of melatonin on ewe’s ovulation are still to be clarified. In this study, the effects of melatonin on the number of embryos harvested from superovulation, and the pregnant rate in recipients after embryo transferred have been investigated. Hu sheep with synchronous estrus treatment were given melatonin subcutaneously injection (0, 5, and 10 mg/ewe, respectively). It was found that the estrogen level in the group of 5 mg melatonin was significantly higher than that of other two groups at the time of sperm insemination (p < 0.05). The pregnant rate and number of lambs in the group of 5 mg melatonin treatment was also significantly higher than that of the rests of the groups (P < 0.05). In another study, 31 Suffolk ewes as donors and 103 small-tailed han sheep ewes as recipients were used to produce pronuclear embryo and embryo transfer. Melatonin (5 mg) was given to the donors during estrus. The results showed that, the number of pronuclear embryos and the pregnancy rate were also significantly higher in melatonin group than that in the control group. In addition, 28 donors and 44 recipient ewes were used to produce morula/blastocyst and embryo transferring. Melatonin (5 mg) was given during estrus. The total number of embryos harvested (7.40 ± 1.25/ewe vs. 3.96 ± 0.73/ewe, P < 0.05) and the pregnant rate (72.3 ± 4.6% vs. 54.7 ± 4.0%, P < 0.05) and number of lambs were also increased in melatonin group compared to the control group. Collectively, the results have suggested that melatonin treatment 36 hours after CIDR withdrawal could promote the number and quality of embryos in vivo condition and increased the pregnant rate and number of lambs.

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Melatonin improves the efficiency of super-ovulation and timed artificial insemination in sheep

10.7287/peerj.preprints.27598v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Yukun Song ◽

Hao Wu ◽

Xuguang Wang ◽

Aerman Hairy ◽

Xiaosheng Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Term Treatment ◽

Control Group ◽

Seasonal Reproduction ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Treatment ◽

Melatonin Treatment ◽

Timed Artificial Insemination ◽

Hu Sheep

It has been well proved that melatonin participates in the regulation of the seasonal reproduction of ewes. However, the effects of short term treatment of melatonin on ewe’s ovulation are still to be clarified. In this study, the effects of melatonin on the number of embryo s harvested from superovulation, and the pregnant rate in recipients after embryo transferred have been investigated. Hu sheep with synchronous estrus treatment were given melatonin subcutaneously injection (0, 5, and 10 mg/ewe, respectively). It was found that t he estrogen level in the group of 5 mg melatonin was significantly higher than that of other two groups a t the time of sperm insemination ( p < 0.05). The pregnant rate and number of lambs in the group of 5 mg melatonin treatment was also significantly higher than that of the rests of the groups ( P < 0.05). In another study, 31 Suffolk ewes as donors and 103 small-tailed han sheep ewes as recipients were used to produce pronuclear embryo and embryo transfer. Melatonin (5 mg) was given to the donors during estrus. The results showed that, the number of pronuclear embryos and the pregnancy rate were also significantly higher in melatonin group than that in the control group . In addition, 28 donors and 44 recipient ewes were used to produce morula/blastocyst and embryo transferring. Melatonin (5 mg) was given during estrus. The total number of embryos harvested ( 7.40±1.25/ewe vs. 3.96±0.73/ewe, P<0.05 ) and the pregnant rate (72.3±4.6% vs.54.7±4.0%, P<0.05) and number of lambs were also increased in melatonin group compared to the control group. Collectively, the results have suggested that melatonin treatment 36 hours after CIDR withdrawal could promote the number and quality of embryos in the in vivo condition and increased the pregnant rate and number of lambs.

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Evaluation of cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of the benzodiazepine flunitrazepam in vitro and in vivo

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.1590/s1984-82502014000200003 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 251-256

Author(s):

Igor Vivian de Almeida ◽

Giovana Domingues ◽

Lilian Capelari Soares ◽

Elisângela Düsman ◽

Veronica Elisa Pimenta Vicentini

Keyword(s):

Rattus Norvegicus ◽

Bone Marrow Cells ◽

Micronucleus Test ◽

Term Treatment ◽

Genotoxic Effects ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Treatment ◽

Chromosomal Aberration Test

Flunitrazepam (FNZ) is a sedative benzodiazepine prescribed for the short-term treatment of insomnia. However, there are concerns regarding possible carcinogenic or genotoxic effects of this medicine. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic, clastogenic and aneugenic effects of FNZ in hepatoma cells from Rattus norvegicus (HTC) in vitro and in bone marrow cells of Wistar rats in vivo. These effects were examined in vitro following treatment with 0.2, 1.0, 5.0 or 10 μg/mL FNZ using a micronucleus test with a cytokinesis block or in vivo using a chromosomal aberration test following treatment with 7, 15 or 30 μg/mL/kg body weight. The results showed that the benzodiazepine concentrations tested were not cytotoxic, aneugenic or clastogenic. However, considering the adverse effects of using this benzodiazepine, more studies are required.

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The diameter of the ureteral stent has an impact on pain levels and quality of life during short term treatment

European Urology Supplements ◽

10.1016/s1569-9056(18)31478-7 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. e929

Author(s):

S. Nestler ◽

B. Witte ◽

L. Schilchegger ◽

J. Jones

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Term Treatment ◽

Ureteral Stent ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Treatment

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Short-term treatment with nitrate is not sufficient to induce in vivo antithrombotic effects in rats and mice

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology ◽

10.1007/s00210-016-1308-5 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 390 (1) ◽

pp. 85-94 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

K. Kramkowski ◽

A. Leszczynska ◽

K. Przyborowski ◽

B. Proniewski ◽

N. Marcinczyk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Term Treatment ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Treatment ◽

Antithrombotic Effects ◽

Rats And Mice

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Health-Related Quality of Life Under Six Months' Treatment of Migraine-An Open Clinic-Based Longitudinal Study

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1046/j.1468-2982.1995.1505414.x ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 414-422 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

CGH Dahlöf

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Well Being ◽

Term Treatment ◽

Health Related Quality ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Treatment ◽

Related Quality ◽

Health Related ◽

The Impact

Health-related quality of life (HQL) assessment in the clinical setting have distinguished subjective perceptions (e.g. well-being), signs/symptoms of the disease, and functional capacity as three major components. The impact of short-term treatment for migraine attacks on these variables was evaluated in an open prospective 6-month study at the Gothenburg Migraine Clinic. Socio-economic factors, subjective symptoms, and general well-being/quality of life were evaluated by self-administered questionnaires in 99 patients with migraine with or without aura in accordance with the classification of the International Headache Society. Short-term treatment comprising conventional therapy or subcutaneous sumatriptan reduced number of days per month with migraine and absenteeism from work, migraine-associated symptoms, but did not significantly improve general well-being between attacks. Future assessment of the patients' HQL in accordance with this approach would enable us to consider all the advantages and disadvantages of current therapies of particular interest in the field of migraine.

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Activity of ketoconazole against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vitro and in the mouse model

Journal of Medical Microbiology ◽

10.1099/jmm.0.47058-0 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 56 (8) ◽

pp. 1047-1051 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Sean T. Byrne ◽

Steven M. Denkin ◽

Peihua Gu ◽

Eric Nuermberger ◽

Ying Zhang

Keyword(s):

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

Term Treatment ◽

New Drugs ◽

Bacteriostatic Effect ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Treatment ◽

Neutral Conditions

There is an urgent need for the development of new drugs that are active against drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains and can shorten tuberculosis (TB) therapy. It has previously been reported that the azole class of antifungals has anti-TB activity in vitro. This study evaluated ketoconazole (KTC) for activity against M. tuberculosis. The MIC of KTC for different M. tuberculosis strains ranged from 8 to 16 μg ml−1 under both acidic and neutral conditions, with the minimum bactericidal concentration being about twofold higher than the MIC. KTC had enhanced activity against old, non-growing bacilli in vitro when combined with pyrazinamide (PZA) and rifampicin (RIF). A single oral dose of KTC at 75 mg kg−1 led to an inhibitory serum concentration 2 h after administration. The in vivo activity of KTC was evaluated in established pulmonary TB in the murine model, compared alone and in combination with isoniazid (INH), PZA and RIF. KTC alone exhibited little effect after short-term treatment, with a borderline bacteriostatic effect on spleen colony counts but not on lung counts. KTC, when added in combination with INH, PZA and RIF, significantly improved the treatment outcome in the lungs (compared with treatment with INH, PZA and RIF). The lowest numbers of bacilli in lungs were found in mice treated with KTC, PZA and RIF. Further investigation is necessary to determine the role of KTC in the treatment of TB.

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A Comparison of Short-Term Treatment Effects of Intravenous Sodium Amytal-Methedrine and LSD in the Alcoholic

Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal ◽

10.1177/070674377001500514 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 493-497 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

F.G. Johnson

Keyword(s):

Term Treatment ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Treatment ◽

Improvement Rate ◽

Treatment Conditions ◽

Affective Experiences ◽

One Year ◽

Pronounced Reduction

Lysergic acid diethylamide (L.S.D.), given with and without a therapist present, is compared with sodium amylobarbitone-methedrine (S.A.M.), given with á therapist present, as abreactive agents in the treatment of alcoholism. Somatic, cognitive and affective experiences under the different treatment conditions are compared. L.S.D. produced a different quality of response from S.A.M. in many respects, but approximately half the patients in all categories noted a pronounced reduction of tension and depression following the experience. This short-term effect is contrasted with long-term (one year) absence of a significantly greater improvement rate with these drugs than with routine clinic treatment. The significance of these findings is discussed.

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Effectiveness of Low-Dye Taping for the Short-term Management of Plantar Fasciitis

Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association ◽

10.7547/0950525 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 95 (6) ◽

pp. 525-530 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Karl B. Landorf ◽

Joel A. Radford ◽

Anne-Maree Keenan ◽

Anthony C. Redmond

Keyword(s):

Therapeutic Effect ◽

Plantar Fasciitis ◽

Pain Scale ◽

Term Treatment ◽

Analysis Of Covariance ◽

Control Group ◽

Visual Analog Pain Scale ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Treatment ◽

Intention To Treat

Low-Dye taping is often used as a short-term treatment for plantar fasciitis. We evaluated the short-term effectiveness of low-Dye taping in relieving pain associated with plantar fasciitis. In this comparative study conducted at a university-based clinic, 65 participants with plantar fasciitis who received low-Dye taping for 3 to 5 days were compared with 40 participants who did not receive taping. Pain before and after treatment was measured using a visual analog pain scale. Analysis of the data was by the intention-to-treat principle, and a linear regression approach to analysis of covariance was used to compare effects. The visual analog pain scale score improved by a mean of 20 mm (from 44 to 24 mm) in the taping group and worsened by a mean of 6 mm (from 51 to 57 mm) in the control group. The analysis of covariance–adjusted difference in therapeutic effect favored the taping group by 31.7 mm (95% confidence interval, 23.6–39.9 mm) and was statistically significant (t = 7.71). In the short term, low-Dye taping significantly reduces the pain associated with plantar fasciitis. These findings are the first quantitative results to demonstrate the significant therapeutic effect of this treatment modality in relieving the symptoms associated with plantar fasciitis. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 95(6): 525–530, 2005)

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