scholarly journals Travel Time Estimation on Urban Street Segment

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Kajalić ◽  
Nikola Čelar ◽  
Stamenka Stanković
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Travel Time Estimation ◽  
Highway Capacity ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Highway Capacity Manual ◽  
Urban Streets

Level of service (LOS) is used as the main indicator of transport quality on urban roads and it is estimated based on the travel speed. The main objective of this study is to determine which of the existing models for travel speed calculation is most suitable for local conditions. The study uses actual data gathered in travel time survey on urban streets, recorded by applying second by second GPS data. The survey is limited to traffic flow in saturated conditions. The RMSE method (Root Mean Square Error) is used for research results comparison with relevant models: Akcelik, HCM (Highway Capacity Manual), Singapore model and modified BPR (the Bureau of Public Roads) function (Dowling - Skabardonis). The lowest deviation in local conditions for urban streets with standardized intersection distance (400-500 m) is demonstrated by Akcelik model. However, for streets with lower signal density (<1 signal/km) the correlation between speed and degree of saturation is best presented by HCM and Singapore model. According to test results, Akcelik model was adopted for travel speed estimation which can be the basis for determining the level of service in urban streets with standardized intersection distance and coordinated signal timing under local conditions.

scholarly journals TRAVEL TIME ANALYSIS OF SELECTED URBAN STREETS IN BAGHDAD CITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (Special) ◽  
pp. 3-157-3-164
Author(s):  
Rania M. Ahmed ◽  
◽  
Zainab A. Alkaissi ◽  
Ruba Y. Hussain ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Time Estimation ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Travel Time Estimation ◽  
Travel Time Reliability ◽  
Urban Streets ◽  
Traffic Performance ◽  
Local Speed

Estimating travel time and measuring speed are critical for increasing the efficiency and safety of traffic road networks. This study presents an investigation of arterial travel time estimation for vital routes in Baghdad city. These estimations including speeds, stops, and delays were computed via GPS device and compared to those currently used to quantify congestion and travel time reliability. The study involved a 45-day survey of private vehicles in Baghdad utilizing a Global Positioning System (GPS) probe to collect data on traffic performance metrics for analysis in a GIS context. It was found that the proposed travel time performance measures show definite differences in estimates of peak-hour travel time as compared with weekend travel time. Route (1) from Bayaa intersection - Bab Al-Mutham intersection (through highway) produced a travel time of 165 minutes and 136 minutes for Bayaa intersection - Bab Al-Mutham intersection (through downtown). The travel speed of routes 1 and 2 are observed near 25 kmph which is below the local speed limit of 70 kmph. The maximum travel time of routes 1 and 2 are 71 minutes and 37 minutes, respectively. While delay time was observed 45 and 20 minutes due to traffic congestion on route 1 and 2, respectively. The majority of vehicles are capable of traveling at normal speeds, with relatively few exceeding them.

scholarly journals Self-Organizing Tree Algorithm (SOTA) Clustering for Defining Level of Service (LOS) Criteria of Urban Streets

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-317
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar Das ◽  
Prasanta Kumar Bhuyan
Keyword(s):  
Travel Speed ◽  
Flow Speed ◽  
Free Flow ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Highway Capacity ◽  
Tree Algorithm ◽  
Highway Capacity Manual ◽  
Urban Streets ◽  
Flow Speeds ◽  
Self Organizing

This study is intended to define the Free Flow Speed (FFS) ranges of urban street classes and speed ranges of Level of Service (LOS) categories. In order to accomplish the study FFS data and average travel speed data were collected on five urban road corridors in the city of Mumbai, India. Mid-sized vehicle (car) mounted with Global Positioning System (GPS) device was used for the collection of large number of speed data. Self-Organizing Tree Algorithm (SOTA) clustering method and five cluster validation measures were used to classify the urban streets and LOS categories. The above study divulges that the speed ranges for different LOS categories are lower than that suggested by Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) 2000. Also it has been observed that average travel speed of LOS categories expressed in percentage of free flow speeds closely resembles the percentages mentioned in HCM 2010.

Uncertainty in Operational Analysis of Two-Lane Highways

2002 ◽  
Vol 1802 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Tapio Luttinen
Keyword(s):  
Input Data ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Highway Capacity ◽  
Highway Capacity Manual ◽  
Operational Analysis ◽  
Percent Time ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Percent Time Spent Following

The Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) 2000 provides methods to estimate performance measures and the level of service for different types of traffic facilities. Because neither the input data nor the model parameters are totally accurate, there is an element of uncertainty in the results. An analytical method was used to estimate the uncertainty in the service measures of two-lane highways. The input data and the model parameters were considered as random variables. The propagation of error through the arithmetic operations in the HCM 2000 methodology was estimated. Finally, the uncertainty in the average travel speed and percent time spent following was analyzed, and four approaches were considered to deal with uncertainty in the level of service.

scholarly journals Analysis of Component Errors in the Highway Capacity Manual Travel Time Reliability Estimations for Urban Streets

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (6) ◽  
pp. 85-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest O. A. Tufuor ◽  
Laurence R. Rilett
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Time Variability ◽  
Travel Time Reliability ◽  
Travel Times ◽  
Highway Capacity ◽  
Highway Capacity Manual ◽  
Urban Streets ◽  
Estimate Travel Time ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Travel Time Variability

The Highway Capacity Manual 6th edition (HCM6) includes a new methodology to estimate and predict the distribution of average travel times (TTD) for urban streets. The TTD can then be used to estimate travel time reliability (TTR) metrics. Previous research on a 0.5-mi testbed showed statistically significant differences between the HCM6 estimated TTD and the corresponding empirical TTD. The difference in average travel time was 4 s that, while statistically significant, is not important from a practical perspective. More importantly, the TTD variance was underestimated by 70%. In other words, the HCM6 results reflected a more reliable testbed than field measurement. This paper expands the analysis on a longer testbed. It identifies the sources and magnitude of travel time variability that contribute to the HCM6 error. Understanding the potential sources of error, and their quantitative values, are the first steps in improving the HCM6 model to better reflect actual conditions. Empirical Bluetooth travel times were collected on a 1.16-mi testbed in Lincoln, Nebraska. The HCM6 methodology was used to model the testbed, and the estimated TTD by source of travel time variability was compared statistically to the corresponding empirical TTD. It was found that the HCM6 underestimated the TTD variability on the longer testbed by 67%. The demand component, missing variable(s), or both, which were not explicitly considered in the HCM6, were found to be the main source of the error in the HCM6 TTD. A focus on the demand estimators as the first step in improving the HCM6 TTR model was recommended.

Optimalisasi Kapasitas dan Tingkat Pelayanan di Koridor Jalan Raya Bogor Segmen Pasar Cisalak

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Reinaldy T Y Darius ◽  
Tri Mulyono ◽  
Winoto Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Monday Morning ◽  
Sunday Morning ◽  
Highway Capacity ◽  
Monday Afternoon ◽  
Market Activity ◽  
Highway Capacity Manual ◽  
Saturday Afternoon

This research is a analysis of capacity and level of service at Jalan Raya Bogor segment Cisalak Market in existing condition with a purpose to optimize it based on rule that already assigned in Highway Capacity Manual (MKJI) year 1997. The result of analysis showed that capacity of Jalan Raya Bogor segment Cisalak Market can be optimize if its does not affect by market activity, from 3307 smp/hour to Jakarta become 3596,36 smp/hour. The direction to Bogor also having incresement from 2696,52 smp/hour become 3329,04 smp/hour.The degree of saturation and level of service direction to Jakarta can be upgraded from 0,47 (C) become 0,43 (B) at Sunday morning if its does not affect by the activity of the market, also in Monday morning which is restrained in LoS E with Ds 0,85 become 0,79 or in LoS D and in Monday afternoon with LoS D (0,76) become C (0,69). Meanwhile direction to Bogor can be upgraded in Saturday afternoon from LoS C (0,61) become B with the number of Ds 0,49, then in Sunday morning and afternoon also Monday morning respectively can be upgraded from C to B. Last but not least, in Monday afternoon into LoS C with number of degree of saturation is 0,62 from LoS D with 0,76.

scholarly journals AFFINITY PROPAGATION CLUSTERING IN DEFINING LEVEL OF SERVICE CRITERIA OF URBAN STREETS

Transport ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 401-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasanta Kumar Bhuyan ◽  
Smruti Sourava Mohapatra
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Heterogeneous Traffic ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Highway Capacity ◽  
Highway Capacity Manual ◽  
Urban Streets ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
Indian Context ◽  
Validation Parameters ◽  
Street Segments

Defining Level Of Service (LOS) criteria is very important as this is the first step of LOS analysis but this is not well defined in Indian context. The analysis followed in India is basically adaptation of Highway Capacity Manual (HCM 2000) methodology which is more suitable for developed countries having homogenous traffic pattern. An attempt has been made in this study to define LOS criteria of urban streets for developing countries having heterogeneous traffic flow condition. Defining LOS is basically a classification problem and to solve it Affinity Propagation (AP), a very recently developed cluster algorithm is used. Inventory details and the required speed data are collected from five major street corridors of Greater Mumbai Region in India through the application of Trimble GeoXT Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver. Six validation parameters are used on Free Flow Speed (FFS) data to find the optimal number of clusters, which is required for the classification of street segments into number of classes. After that speed data collected during both peak and off-peak hours are averaged over street segments and clustered into six groups to get the speed ranges of different LOS categories. Using validation parameters, considering the physical and surrounding environmental characteristics it is found that street segments can be classified into four classes in Indian context as mentioned in Highway Capacity Manual 2000. However, the FFS range for urban street class IV (urban design category) is significantly lower because of varying road geometric characteristics. The speed ranges of LOS categories under urban street classes are proportionately lower to that values mentioned in HCM 2000 because of highly heterogeneous traffic flow on urban Indian roads. The travel speed data collection procedure using GPS is simple and accurate. In addition, AP clustering is highly efficient in terms of time saving and provides a very accurate solution to classification problems. Hence, both GPS and AP techniques can be applied in other countries to define the speed ranges of LOS categories considering the local conditions.

Proposed Framework for Evaluating Spillback in the Highway Capacity Manual

2017 ◽  
Vol 2615 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-158
Author(s):  
Yinan Zheng ◽  
Michael Armstrong ◽  
Gustavo de Andrade ◽  
Lily Elefteriadou
Keyword(s):  
Signalized Intersection ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Highway Capacity ◽  
Highway Capacity Manual ◽  
Urban Streets ◽  
Facility Type ◽  
Street Intersection ◽  
Lane Utilization ◽  
New Procedures ◽  
Data Collection Effort

Procedures detailed in the Highway Capacity Manual 2010 (HCM 2010) estimate capacity and several operational measures dictating level of service for freeway facilities and surface streets. However, these methods do not consider cases in which spillback occurs from one facility type to another. The queuing effects in oversaturated conditions as they propagate upstream onto a freeway main line or a surface street intersection are not accounted for. The objective of this paper is to propose a series of modifications to enhance the HCM 2010 methods to address spillback conditions. These modifications consider lane utilization and lane blockage under spillback conditions and consist of restructuring existing equations and reference tables as well as developing new procedures. A four-regime method is proposed for evaluating spillback effects from urban streets to diverge and weaving segments. In addition, a method is proposed to account for the spillback effects from freeway on-ramps by reducing the effective green time as a proportion of the percent of time that the queue is expected to block the upstream signalized intersection. The framework developed uses assumptions that should be further explored through an extensive, nationwide data collection effort.

scholarly journals Simulasi Manajemen dan Rekayasa Lalulintas Untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Simpang Tiga Tak Bersinyal Pada Jalan Jatiraya – Kahuripan Nirwana Kabupaten Sidoarjo (Management and Traffic Engineering Simulation to Improve The Unsignalised Intersection Performance on Jalan Jatiraya – Kahuripan Nirwana Kabupaten Sidoarjo)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Kurnia Hadi Putra ◽  
Faisal Rosih Alfanan
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Engineering ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Highway Capacity ◽  
Highway Capacity Manual ◽  
Toll Road ◽  
Commercial Area ◽  
The One

AbstractUnsignalised 3-way intersection at Jati Raya – Kahuripan Nirvana streets is an area with high traffic congestion. It caused by the increasing of vehicle volume at rush hour. In addition, the surrounded area of the intersection is a commercial area with a dense population and the intersection is also the main access to the toll road. To deal with these conditions, management and traffic engineering need to be done. The method of field surveys is conducted to obtain primary data and the existing condition. All the traffic data is obtained from the number of vehicles passing through the intersection for four days (27-30 May 2016). Then, all the data is recapitulated and calculated using the formula of Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual 1997. As the result, it can be concluded that the 3-way intersection at Jati Raya – Kahuripan Nirvana has the degree of saturation (DS) 1.23. This value is far from the one suggested by MKJI 1997 for the unsignalized 3-way intersection, i.e. DS = 0.85. Therefore, management and traffic engineering are conducted to overcome these conditions. The fourth alternative shows the DS 0,51 with Level of Service C.Keywords: Unsignalised Intersection, Degree of Saturation, Management and Traffic Engineering AbstrakSimpang tiga tak bersinyal pada jalan Jati Raya – Kahuripan Nirwana merupakan daerah yang sering mengalami kemacetan. Hal ini disebabkan oleh pertumbuhan lalu lintas yang cukup tinggi, selain itu disekitar simpang merupakan daerah komersil, pemukiman penduduk dan akses menuju jalan tol. Dalam mengatasi permasalahan pada simpang digunakan manajemen dan rekayasa lalu lintas. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survei lapangan untuk mendapatkan data primer dan kondisi eksisting. Data lalu lintas diperoleh dari jumlah kendaraan yang melintasi simpang selama empat hari (27-30 Mei 2016). Kemudian data tersebut diolah dengan perhitungan Manual Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia (MKJI) 1997. Dari hasil analisis data dapat disimpulkan bahwa simpang jalan Jati Raya – Kahuripan Nirwana memiliki nilai Derajat Kejenuhan (DS) = 1,23 dengan Level Of Service LOS (F) . Nilai itu jauh dari nilai yang disarankan oleh MKJI 1997 untuk simpang tak bersinyal yaitu DS = 0,85. Oleh karena itu dilakukan beberapa alternatif solusi manajemen dan rekayasa lalu lintas. Dalam mengatasi kemacetan diambil alternatif solusi yang menghasilkan derajat kejenuhan (DS) paling kecil dengan nilai = 0,51 dengan Level Of Service LOS (C) yang terjadi pada alternatif empat.Kata kunci: Simpang tak bersinyal, Derajat Kejenuhan, Manajemen rekayasa lalulintas

scholarly journals Pengaruh Keberadaan Pasar Sungai Lulut Terhadap Kinerja Jalan Martapura Lama KM. 05

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Riska Hawinuti
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Highway Capacity ◽  
Highway Capacity Manual ◽  
Geometric Conditions ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Side Friction ◽  
The Impact

Jalan Martapura Lama is an alternative road connecting Banjarmasin, Martapura and Banjarbaru city and it is under the administration of Banjar Regency. The existence of Sungai Lulut Market in Kilometer 05 consistently causing congestion to the area, especially during peak hours. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of market activities on the performance of Jalan Martapura Lama KM 05 indicated by the degree of saturation (DS) and the value of the level of road service. The method of primary data collection was by conducting traffic surveys and measuring geometric conditions in the site manually on Tuesday to Thursday, 06-08 February 2018 during the morning rush hour (07.00-08.00 a.m), the noon hour (12.00-14.00 p.m) and afternoon rush hour (16.00 to 18.00 p.m) while the secondary data was obtained from the internet. The calculation refers to Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual (MKJI) 1997. From the calculation results it can be concluded that the impact of market activities on the performance of Jalan Martapura Lama KM 05 indicated by the degree of saturation (DS) and the value of road level of service with the optimum DS is 0,68 with the value of level of road service is C on Thursday’s afternoon rush hour and the minimum DS is 1.34 with the value of level of road service is F on Wednesday’s morning rush hour. With a total frequency of occurrences and side friction class of 571 frequencies, the maksimum friction is incoming and outgoing vehicles on area alongside roads (EEVs) of 446 occurrences on Tuesday in the morning rush hour.

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