8. International Assistance in Reconstruction

1945 ◽  
pp. 91-100
Keyword(s):  
International Assistance

Third World Urbanization and International Assistance

Urban Studies ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Lubell
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
International Assistance

A Crime against Humanity? Implications and Prospects of the Responsibility to Protect in the Wake of Cyclone Nargis

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Langmore ◽  
Ashley McLachlan-Bent
Keyword(s):  
East Asian ◽  
International Community ◽  
Military Regime ◽  
Responsibility To Protect ◽  
International Debate ◽  
International Assistance ◽  
Disaster Assessment ◽  
Cyclone Nargis ◽  
Threshold Criteria ◽  
Coercive Intervention

AbstractIn May 2008 Cyclone Nargis created significant international debate when the ruling military regime in Myanmar refused to allow international relief supplies and specialists into the country. The discussion that followed included invoking the principle of Responsibility to Protect as a way of forcing the regime to accept international assistance. This proposal caused sharp division amongst governments, relief agencies, journalists and citizens. The regime's shocking refusal to accept assistance constituted a crime against humanity and, as such, deserved consideration as an R2P situation. The damage which military action involves was severely underestimated by those proposing it and although the situation following Nargis clearly met the threshold criteria, permitting coercive intervention, the precautionary principles were not satisfied, thus making coercive intervention under R2P impermissible. The involvement of the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) following Nargis facilitated entry of disaster assessment teams and some aid into Myanmar. In light of Myanmar's fear of intervention in its affairs, the international community should have used R2P to frame a response and worked with ASEAN from the outset to pressure the regime to respond to the disaster more effectively.

Growing refugee debate ups pressure on Erdogan

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Foreign Nationals ◽  
Content Type ◽  
International Assistance ◽  
Refugee Population ◽  
Afghan Refugees ◽  
Material Benefits ◽  
Refugees And Asylum Seekers

Significance Erdogan is partly motivated by domestic alarm at the prospect of more Afghan refugees, which has heightened discontent over his policies regarding migration and the large, mainly Syrian refugee population ahead of elections in 2023. Viral social media posts this week amid a row over refugees 'provocatively' eating bananas that some Turks complain they cannot afford have resulted in the detentions of seven foreign nationals. Impacts Ankara will maintain its close interest in Afghanistan, and Afghan refugees could become the major factor in Turkey-Iran relations. Turkey’s incentives to control territory in Syria will include keeping IDPs within Syria and supporting returnees from Turkey. International assistance for refugees in Turkey may have to focus on material benefits for both refugees and local communities. Integrating refugees and asylum-seekers could slow further, and liberalising work or residence permits may favour the best-qualified. Officials may treat Syrians more harshly and hostility towards them may be tolerated, but a clampdown on cheap irregular labour is unlikely.

Pakistan: Co-operative Ventures in Social Welfare

1960 ◽  
Vol 329 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
Victor D. Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Social Planning ◽  
Muslim Population ◽  
International Assistance ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
The Government ◽  
Aid Programs ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Needy ◽  
Simultaneous Activity

The creation of the state of Pakistan, following in the wake of the bloody partition, the mass migrations, as well as the resultant concentration of people, culminated in a situation where the human needs could only be fulfilled through organ ized and planned social welfare. Industrialization was the apparent need for a largely agricultural country. But the Muslim population with its inbred tradition of social justice and equality reinforced the stress on social welfare. There emerged, therefore, a policy that demanded a balance between economic and social planning. Social work begun by volunteers was shaped by government efforts. International assistance was requested and personnel was secured to institute the needy training of local persons. Among the varied projects which developed, perhaps the most noteworthy was the emergence of the Village-Aid Programs and the Urban Community Develop ment Programs. The simultaneous activity of the government and the voluntary agencies facilitated rapid and dramatic prog ress in the planning and organization of welfare services.—Ed.

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