Dysphagia and Vertical Nystagmus in Magnesium Deficiency

Abstract Introduction CNS cavernomas are a type of raspberry-shaped vascular malformations that are typically asymptomatic, but can result in haemorrhage, neurological injury, and seizures. Here, we present a rare case of a brainstem cavernoma that was surgically resected whereafter an upbeat nystagmus presented postoperatively. Case report A 42-year old man presented with sudden-onset nausea, vomiting, vertigo, blurred vision, marked imbalance and difficulty swallowing. Neurological evaluation showed bilateral ataxia, generalized hyperreflexia with left-sided predominance, predominantly horizontal gaze evoked nystagmus on right and left gaze, slight left labial asymmetry, uvula deviation to the right, and tongue deviation to the left. MRI demonstrated a 13-mm cavernoma with haemorrhage and oedema in the medulla oblongata. Surgery was performed via a minimal-invasive, midline approach. Complete excision was confirmed on postoperative MRI. The patient recovered well and became almost neurologically intact. However, he complained of mainly vertical oscillopsia. The videonystagmography revealed a new-onset spontaneous upbeat nystagmus in all gaze directions, not suppressed by fixation. An injury of the rarely described intercalatus nucleus/nucleus of Roller is thought to be the cause. Conclusion Upbeat nystagmus can be related to several lesions of the brainstem, including the medial longitudinal fasciculus, the pons, and the dorsal medulla. To our knowledge, this is the first case of an iatrogenic lesion of the nucleus intercalatus/nucleus of Roller resulting in an upbeat vertical nystagmus. For neurologists, it is important to be aware of the function of this nucleus for assessment of clinical manifestations due to lesions within this region.

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Coffee Brews: Are They a Source of Macroelements in Human Nutrition?

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10061328 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1328

Author(s):

Ewa Olechno ◽

Anna Puścion-Jakubik ◽

Katarzyna Socha ◽

Małgorzata Elżbieta Zujko

Keyword(s):

Magnesium Deficiency ◽

Human Nutrition ◽

Google Scholar ◽

Sodium Potassium ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Coffee Brew ◽

Coffee Grounds ◽

Calcium Magnesium ◽

Coffee Brews

Coffee brews, made by pouring water on coffee grounds or brewing in an espresso machine, are among the most popular beverages. The aim of this study was to summarize data on the content of macroelements (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus) in coffee brews prepared with different methods, as well as to review the factors influencing the content of the elements. Studies from 2000 to 2020, published in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, were reviewed. Taking into account the results presented by the authors, we calculated that one portion of coffee brew can cover 7.5% or 6.4% (for women and men) and 6.6% of the daily requirement for magnesium and potassium, respectively. Coffee provides slightly lower amounts of phosphorus (up to 2.2%), sodium (up to 2.2%), and calcium (up to 0.7% of the daily requirement for women and 0.6% for men). If coffee is drunk in the quantity of three to four cups, it can be an important source of magnesium, considering the risk of magnesium deficiency in modern societies.

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Magnesium and Hypertension in Old Age

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13010139 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 139 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ligia J. Dominguez ◽

Nicola Veronese ◽

Mario Barbagallo

Keyword(s):

Older Persons ◽

Magnesium Deficiency ◽

Favorable Effect ◽

Processed Food ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Magnesium Supplementation ◽

Cerebrovascular Complications ◽

Close Relationship ◽

Causes Of Mortality

Hypertension is a complex condition in which various actors and mechanisms combine, resulting in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications that today represent the most frequent causes of mortality, morbidity, disability, and health expenses worldwide. In the last decades, there has been an exceptional amount of experimental, epidemiological, and clinical studies confirming a close relationship between magnesium deficit and high blood pressure. Multiple mechanisms may help to explain the bulk of evidence supporting a protective effect of magnesium against hypertension and its complications. Hypertension increases sharply with advancing age, hence older persons are those most affected by its negative consequences. They are also more frequently at risk of magnesium deficiency by multiple mechanisms, which may, at least in part, explain the higher frequency of hypertension and its long-term complications. The evidence for a favorable effect of magnesium on hypertension risk emphasizes the importance of broadly encouraging the intake of foods such as vegetables, nuts, whole cereals and legumes, optimal dietary sources of magnesium, avoiding processed food, which are very poor in magnesium and other fundamental nutrients, in order to prevent hypertension. In some cases, when diet is not enough to maintain an adequate magnesium status, magnesium supplementation may be of benefit and has been shown to be well tolerated.

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DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS AND MAGNESIUM DEFICIENCY

The Medical Journal of Australia ◽

10.5694/j.1326-5377.1981.tb135348.x ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 92-92

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Ketoacidosis ◽

Magnesium Deficiency

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Magnesium: Biochemistry, Nutrition, Detection, and Social Impact of Diseases Linked to Its Deficiency

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13041136 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 1136

Author(s):

Diana Fiorentini ◽

Concettina Cappadone ◽

Giovanna Farruggia ◽

Cecilia Prata

Keyword(s):

Social Impact ◽

Magnesium Deficiency ◽

Serum Magnesium ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Point Of View ◽

Magnesium Concentration ◽

Multiple Perspectives ◽

Dietary Reference Values ◽

Magnesium Status ◽

Total Body

Magnesium plays an important role in many physiological functions. Habitually low intakes of magnesium and in general the deficiency of this micronutrient induce changes in biochemical pathways that can increase the risk of illness and, in particular, chronic degenerative diseases. The assessment of magnesium status is consequently of great importance, however, its evaluation is difficult. The measurement of serum magnesium concentration is the most commonly used and readily available method for assessing magnesium status, even if serum levels have no reliable correlation with total body magnesium levels or concentrations in specific tissues. Therefore, this review offers an overview of recent insights into magnesium from multiple perspectives. Starting from a biochemical point of view, it aims at highlighting the risk due to insufficient uptake (frequently due to the low content of magnesium in the modern western diet), at suggesting strategies to reach the recommended dietary reference values, and at focusing on the importance of detecting physiological or pathological levels of magnesium in various body districts, in order to counteract the social impact of diseases linked to magnesium deficiency.

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