scholarly journals Negative finding in detection of transovarial transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi in Japanese ixodid ticks, Ixodes persulcatus and Ixodes ovatus

1992 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoru NAKAO ◽  
Kenji MIYAMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Transovarial Transmission ◽  
Ixodes Persulcatus ◽  
Negative Finding

scholarly journals Studies on the transovarial transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in the taiga tick Ixodes persulcatus

2004 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina V. Nefedova ◽  
Edward I. Korenberg ◽  
Nataliya B. Gorelova ◽  
Yury V. Kovalevskii
Keyword(s):  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Lato ◽  
Transovarial Transmission ◽  
Ixodes Persulcatus ◽  
Taiga Tick

scholarly journals Prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genetic markers in blood-sucking ticks in suburban park zones in Saint Petersburg

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-179
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Panferova ◽  
A. N. Vaganova ◽  
O. A. Freylikhman ◽  
K. A. Tretyakov ◽  
S. G. Medvedev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Ixodid Tick ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Vector System ◽  
Ixodes Persulcatus ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
The North ◽  
Blood Sucking

Tick-borne bacterial and viral infections are widespread in middle latitudes of the Northern hemisphere. Natural foci of such infections coincide with geographic areas inhabited by ixodid ticks. Ixodid tick-borne borreliosis is a pressing issue for some territories of Russia, especially for the North-Western Federal District and St. Petersburg megalopolis as well as adjacent areas of the Leningrad District, where people may become infected after tick bite in recreational zones in suburban park areas. Currently, very few publications regarding prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in St. Petersburg area are available. In our study, questing ticks flagged in park zone (northern coast of Finnish Gulf, Kurortny District) were examined with PCR for carriage of pathogenic B. burgdorferi sensu lato complex. In addition, samples positive for Borrelia DNA signal were further genotyped with species-specific primers against rpoBgene fragment. It was found that Ixodes persulcatus dominated in this area. Prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. complex comprised 9.33%. Genospecies B. afzelii and less frequently B. garinii were detected. A mixt-infection with two Borel-lia species was detected in one sample. Interestingly, all Borrelia-infected ticks belonged to I. persulcatus suggesting a closer association for certain species in «pathogen-vector» system. Our findings are essential in investigating distribution of ixodid borreliosis foci in St. Petersburg and suburbs, obtaining new data regarding epidemiology, diagnostics, treatment and prevention of this infection. It is noteworthy than prevalence of pathogenic Borrelia spp. vs. tick-borne encephalitis virus in vectors was higher thereby accounting for its higher morbidity. Comparing our data with those published elsewhere by European researchers allows to note that prevalence of pathogenic Borrelia spp. in ticks varies broadly in diverse geographic regions. It is necessary to take into consideration that prevalence of Borrelia markers achieves ~10% in ticks given frequent attendance of park areas near St. Petersburg that point at risk of developing bor-reliosis in recreational zones.

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal patterns of the emerging tick-borne pathogen Borrelia miyamotoi in blacklegged ticks (Ixodes scapularis) in New York

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Keesing ◽  
D. J. McHenry ◽  
M. H. Hersh ◽  
R. S. Ostfeld
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Ixodes Scapularis ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Transovarial Transmission ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Borrelia Miyamotoi ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Reservoir Hosts

AbstractBorrelia miyamotoi, a bacterium that causes relapsing fever, is found in ixodid ticks throughout the northern hemisphere. The first cases of human infection with B. miyamotoi were identified in 2011. In the eastern USA, blacklegged ticks (Ixodes scapularis) become infected by feeding on an infected vertebrate host, or through transovarial transmission. We surveyed B. miyamotoi prevalence in ticks within forested habitats in Dutchess County, New York, and identified possible reservoir hosts. To assess spatial variation in infection, we collected questing nymphal ticks at > 150 sites. To assess temporal variation in infection, we collected questing nymphs for 8 years at a single study site. We collected questing larval ticks from nine plots to estimate the amount of transovarial transmission. To evaluate potential reservoir hosts, we captured 14 species of mammal and bird hosts naturally infested with larval blacklegged ticks and held these hosts in the laboratory until ticks fed to repletion and molted to nymphs. We determined infection for all ticks using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The overall infection prevalence of questing nymphal ticks across all sites was ~ 1%, but prevalence at individual sites was as high as 9.1%. We detected no significant increase in infection through time. Only 0.4% of questing larval ticks were infected. Ticks having fed as larvae from short-tailed shrews, red squirrels, and opossums tended to have higher infection prevalence than did ticks having fed on other hosts. Further studies of the role of hosts in transmission are warranted. The locally high prevalence of B. miyamotoi in the New York/New England landscape suggests the importance of vigilance by health practitioners and the public.

Diversifying forest communities may change Lyme disease risk: extra dimension to the dilution effect in Europe

Parasitology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 143 (10) ◽  
pp. 1310-1319 ◽  
Author(s):  
SANNE C. RUYTS ◽  
EVY AMPOORTER ◽  
ELENA C. COIPAN ◽  
LANDER BAETEN ◽  
DIETER HEYLEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Dilution Effect ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Host Diversity ◽  
Pine Stands

SUMMARYLyme disease is caused by bacteria of theBorrelia burgdorferigenospecies complex and transmitted by Ixodid ticks. In North America only one pathogenic genospecies occurs, in Europe there are several. According to the dilution effect hypothesis (DEH), formulated in North America, nymphal infection prevalence (NIP) decreases with increasing host diversity since host species differ in transmission potential. We analysedBorreliainfection in nymphs from 94 forest stands in Belgium, which are part of a diversification gradient with a supposedly related increasing host diversity: from pine stands without to oak stands with a shrub layer. We expected changing tree species and forest structure to increase host diversity and decrease NIP. In contrast with the DEH, NIP did not differ between different forest types. Genospecies diversity however, and presumably also host diversity, was higher in oak than in pine stands. Infected nymphs tended to harbourBorrelia afzeliiinfection more often in pine stands whileBorrelia gariniiandBorrelia burgdorferiss. infection appeared to be more prevalent in oak stands. This has important health consequences, since the latter two cause more severe disease manifestations. We show that the DEH must be nuanced for Europe and should consider the response of multiple pathogenic genospecies.

scholarly journals Rickettsia spp. in rodent-attached ticks and first evidence of Spotted fever Group Rickettsia species Candidatus Rickettsia uralica in Europe.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Vikentjeva ◽  
Julia Geller ◽  
Jaanus Remm ◽  
Irina Golovljova
Keyword(s):  
Spotted Fever ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Myodes Glareolus ◽  
Ixodes Persulcatus ◽  
Spotted Fever Group ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Rickettsia Species ◽  
Questing Ticks ◽  
Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia

Abstract BACKGROUND Rickettsia spp. are human pathogens that cause a number of diseases and are transmitted by arthropods, including ixodid ticks. Estonia contributes a region, where the distribution area of two exophilic tick species of known medical importance, Ixodes persulcatus and I. ricinus, overlap. The presence of the nidicolous rodent-associated I. trianguliceps has recently been shown for Estonia. Although there is no Estonian data available on human disease caused by tick-borne Rickettsia spp., the presence of three Rickettsia species in non-nidicolous ticks, albiet at very dissimilar rates, was also previously reported. The aim of this studywas to screen, identify and characterize Rickettsia species in nidicolous and non-nidicolous ticks attached to rodents. RESULTS Nymphs and larvae of I. ricinus ( n = 1004), I . persulcatus ( n = 75) and I. trianguliceps ( n = 117) attached to rodents and shrews caught in different parts of Estonia were studied for the presence of Rickettsia spp. by nested PCR. Ticks were removed from 314 small animals of 5 species (bank voles Myodes glareolus , yellow necked mice Apodemus flavicollis , striped field mice A. agrarius, pine voles M. subterranius and common shrews S. araneus) . Rickettsial DNA was detected in 8,7% (103/1186) studied ticks. In addition to R. helvetica, previously found in questing ticks, this study reports the first identification of the recently described I. trianguliceps- associated Candidatus R. uralica in west of the Ural.

Fine structural evidence for the penetration of the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi through the gut and salivary tissues of Ixodes dammini

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 1737-1748 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Zung ◽  
S. Lewengrub ◽  
M. A. Rudzinska ◽  
A. Spielman ◽  
S. R. Telford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Microscopic Study ◽  
Electron Microscopic Study ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Transovarial Transmission ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
The Subject

The route followed by the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi as it passes from vector to host has been the subject of controversy over whether the spirochete is transmitted through the saliva of the tick or through regurgitation during feeding. In the event that the spirochete's presence in the salivary tissues is transient we employed a detailed electron microscopic study spanning the period of nymphal attachment to the host to determine whether B. burgdorferi invades the salivary acini and ducts. In addition we examined other tissues of the tick to determine the route and mode of migration. Two different groups of nymphs were used in this study. After feeding, spirochetes were found in both groups in the gut lumen, epithelium, and within the salivary glands and ducts. Borrelia is able to pass both inter- and intra-cellularly through these tissues. In one group of unfed nymphs Borrelia was limited to the gut lumen, whereas the second group demonstrated a disseminated infection. This difference might be due to transovarial transmission, the geographic origin, and (or) age of the ticks. The finding of Borrelia within the salivary glands and ducts provides strong evidence for the salivary transmission of the Lyme disease spirochete.

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