scholarly journals Determinants of pro-environmental behavior among excessive smartphone usage children and moderate smartphone usage children in Taiwan

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11635
Author(s):  
Wei-Ta Fang ◽  
Eric Ng ◽  
Shu-Mei Liu ◽  
Yi-Te Chiang ◽  
Mei-Chuan Chang
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Environmental Behavior ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Direct Path ◽  
Environmental Behaviors ◽  
Personal Norms ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge

Introduction Although there is evidence linking the relationships between smartphone usage with health, stress, and academic performance, there is still inadequate knowledge about the influence on pro-environmental behaviors. This study seeks to bridge this gap by adapting the theory of attribution framework to examine the effects of personal norms, social norms, perceived behavioral control on pro-environmental behavior of smartphone usage in children. Methods A total of 225 children aged between 11 to 12 from eight selected public primary schools at the Hsinchu Science and Industrial Park in Taiwan were surveyed. Two distinct groups (excessive versus moderate usage) were purposefully selected for comparison, of which 96 participants were excessive smartphone users while the remaining 129 were moderate smartphone users. Results Findings revealed significant differences between excessive and moderate smartphone usage children groups in personal norms (p < 0.001), social norms (p = 0.002), perceived behavioral control (p = 0.001), and pro-environmental behavior (p = 0.001). Findings for excessive smartphone usage children showed that social norms (β = 0.428, t = 4.096***, p < 0.001) had a direct predictive impact on pro-environmental behavior. In contrast, while there was no direct path established between personal norms and pro-environmental behavior (β = 0.177, t = 1.580, p > 0.05), as well as social norms and pro-environmental behavior for moderate smartphone usage children (β = 0.181, t = 1.924, p > 0.05), but such a relationship could be developed through the mediating effect of perceived behavioral control (β = 0.497, t = 4.471***, p < 0.001). Discussion The results suggested that excessive smartphone usage children lack positive perceived behavioral control, and their pro-environmental behavior could only be predicted through explicit social norms, whereas pro-environmental behavior of moderate smartphone usage children was implicitly influenced by personal norms through perceived behavioral control.

scholarly journals Determinants of pro-environmental behavior among excessive smartphone usage children and moderate smartphone usage children in Taiwan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Ta Fang ◽  
Eric Ng ◽  
Shumei Liu ◽  
Yi-Te Chiang ◽  
Mei-Chuan Chang
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Environmental Behavior ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Direct Path ◽  
Environmental Behaviors ◽  
Personal Norms ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge

Abstract Background: Although there are evidences linking the relationships between smartphone usage with health, stress, and academic performance; however, there is still inadequate knowledge about the influence on pro-environmental behaviors. This study seeks to bridge this gap by adapting the theory of attribution framework to examine the effects of personal norms, social norms, perceived behavioral control on pro-environmental behavior of smartphone usage in children. Methods: A total of 225 children aged between 11 to 12 from eight selected public primary schools at the Hsinchu Science and Industrial Park in Taiwan were surveyed. Two distinct groups (excessive versus moderate usage) were purposefully selected for comparison, and of which 96 (42.7%) participants were regarded as excessive smartphone users while the remaining 129 (57.3%) were moderate smartphone users. Results: Findings revealed significant differences between excessive smartphone usage children and moderate smartphone usage children in personal norms ( p < 0.001), social norms ( p = 0.002), perceived behavioral control ( p = 0.001), and pro-environmental behavior ( p = 0.001), where moderate smartphone usage children’s responses were considerably higher than those of excessive smartphone usage children. Path analysis suggested that the two smartphone usage groups had different pro-environmental behavior paths. For excessive smartphone usage children, findings showed that social norms ( β = 0.428, t = 4.096***, p <0.001) had a direct predictive impact on pro-environmental behavior. In contrast, while there was no direct path established between personal norms and pro-environmental behavior ( β = 0.177, t = 1.580, p > 0.05), as well as social norms and pro-environmental behavior for moderate smartphone usage children ( β = 0.181, t = 1.924, p >0.05), but such a relationship could be developed through the mediating effect of perceived behavioral control ( β = 0.497, t = 4.471***, p < 0.001). Conclusions: In conclusion, findings suggested that excessive smartphone usage children lack positive perceived behavioral control, and their pro-environmental behavior could only be predicted through explicit social norms. Whereas, pro-environmental behavior of moderate smartphone usage children were implicitly influenced by personal norms through perceived behavioral control.

scholarly journals Explicating Perceived Sustainability-Related Climate: A Situational Motivator of Pro-Environmental Behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Wah Leung ◽  
Sonny Rosenthal
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Environmental Behavior ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Environmental Behaviors ◽  
External Context ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Item Scale

Individuals take cues from their surroundings when deciding whether to perform pro-environmental behaviors. Previous studies have acknowledged the role of structural, policy, and communication efforts to encourage pro-environmental behavior. Such studies demonstrate the importance of evaluating the external contexts when examining behaviors. Yet, there is a lack of explication of what external context is entailed. Expanding the concept of perceived sustainability-related climate (PSRC) used in organizational communication literature, this study proposes two dimensions that shape PSRC in the workplace—structural cues and social cues. The study then generalizes PSRC such that it is applicable in contexts beyond the workplace and proposes a 10-item scale to measure PSRC. Using confirmatory factor analysis, this study tests the factor structure and concurrent validity of the concept. The study also tests convergent validity of PSRC with social norms, perceived behavioral control, and attitudes.

scholarly journals Applying a Comprehensive Action Determination Model to Examine the Recycling Behavior of Taipei City Residents

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 490
Author(s):  
Wei-Ta Fang ◽  
Mei-Hsuan Huang ◽  
Bai-You Cheng ◽  
Rong-Jeo Chiu ◽  
Yi-Te Chiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Personal Norms ◽  
Taipei City ◽  
Recycling Behavior

With the occurrence of rapid global economic growth concerns about waste and its related effects on the environment are on the rise. There has been an increasing focus towards sustainable development and waste recycling as part of environmental sustainability strategies, and the encouraging of recycling behavior has received considerable attention from various environmental stakeholders. While numerous studies have used grounded theories such as the theory of planned behaviors and the norm activation model to examine environmental behaviors, a lack of consideration of other important variables in these studies has been revealed. This study aimed to address this gap by adopting the comprehensive action determination model, which comprises a wider group of influencing variables related to norms, intentions, situations, and habits. This model was tested using structural equation modelling with a sample of 386 valid questionnaires collected from Taipei City residents in the domain of recycling behaviors. Results indicated that awareness had a positive influence on personal norms towards recycling behaviors; social norms had a positive influence on personal norms towards recycling behaviors; attitudes had a positive influence on recycling intentions; social norms had a positive influence on recycling intentions; personal norms had a positive influence on recycling intentions; perceived behavior control had a positive influence on recycling intentions; recycling intentions had a positive influence on recycling behavior; and recycling habits had a positive influence on recycling behavior. However, findings did not support the positive impact of perceived behavioral control on recycling behavior.

scholarly journals Determinants of Different Types of Positive Environmental Behaviors: An Analysis of Public and Private Sphere Actions

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8547
Author(s):  
Ralph Hansmann ◽  
Claudia R. Binder
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Environmental Knowledge ◽  
Private Sphere ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Environmental Behaviors ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Different Types

A survey of 1206 participants investigated determinants of positive environmental behaviors (PEBs) in Switzerland. Based on a principle component analysis on data for 23 different PEBs, three behavior types were distinguished: (i) public sphere PEBs with politically mediated impacts; (ii) socially salient private “lighthouse” PEBs that convey a pro-environmental message; and (iii) less socially salient private PEBs. An environmental behavior model identified general environmental knowledge and attitudes as the strongest predictors of PEBs, followed by green self-identity, justifications, assumed consequences, prescriptive social norms, gender, age, and perceived behavioral control (PBC), respectively. To promote sustainability-oriented behaviors and achieve corresponding societal and economic changes, the identified psychological factors need to be promoted by education and communication strategies as well as complementary measures ranging from policy changes to technology development and systems design. Green self-identity turned out to be significantly more influential for private PEBs than for public sphere PEBs, whereas prescriptive social norms and environmental knowledge were more important for public sphere PEBs. These findings indicate that promoting different types of sustainability-oriented behaviors may require distinct strategies. Public sphere PEBs may be enhanced well by conveying social practices and norms, whereas the promotion of a pro-environmental green self-identity may increase private sphere PEBs effectively.

scholarly journals Intentions to Consume Sustainably Produced Fish: The Moderator Effects of Involvement and Environmental Awareness

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 946
Author(s):  
Kåre Skallerud ◽  
John Armbrecht ◽  
Ho Huy Tuu
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Environmental Awareness ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Product Involvement ◽  
Boomerang Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

The purpose of this study is to apply the conceptual framework of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to explain the consumption of sustainable produced fish in Sweden. We seek to understand the moderating role of food product involvement and environmental awareness as extensions of traditional constructs such as attitudes, social norms, and perceived behavioral control. The data were derived from a representative sample of 1974 Swedish consumers. Structural equation modeling was applied to test the relationships between constructs and evaluate the reliability and the validity of the constructs. Attitudes had a significantly positive effect on intention to consume fish in general and sustainably produced fish in particular. Social norms had significantly positive effect on intention to consume fish in general, but no effect on intention to consume sustainably produced fish. Behavioral control had no effect on behavioral intention. Interestingly, involvement negatively moderated the effect of attitudes on both intention to consume more fish and to consume more sustainably produced fish. Environmental awareness also negatively moderated the effect of attitudes on intention to consume more sustainably produced fish. It seems that attempts to create food product involvement and environmental awareness among consumers may have the opposite effect—a boomerang effect—than what conventional wisdom and much of the research on fish consumption indicates. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed.

Factors associated with coach–athlete conversations about mental health in intercollegiate sport

2021 ◽  
pp. 174795412199345
Author(s):  
Jessica Murphy ◽  
Philip Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Health Improvement ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Mental Health Training ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Health Training ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Team Culture

Increasing conversation about mental health is one way to decrease stigma and prevent/treat maladaptive processes within the context of sport. Due to their proximity and influence over athletes, coaches can increase conversation and change team culture. The objective of this study was to apply the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to explore the factors associated with coach-athlete conversation about mental health. A total of 136 Canadian coaches completed a demographic questionnaire as well as a TPB-based survey measuring Attitudes, Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC), Social Norms and Intention. Intention was measured as Role perception, if a coach believed it was their role to be involved in athlete mental health. Behavior was measured as talking with an athlete(s) about mental health. Approximately 68% of coaches had spoken to athletes about mental health in the last season. The linear regression model predicted a significant amount (42.7%) of the variance in Intention ( p < .05) from the three TPB constructs. Logistic regression found a significant interaction effect of PBC and Intention on Behavior ( p < .01). Measured TPB construct scores were influenced by previous mental health training, personal experience with mental illness, age group and the act of talking ( p < .05). Although a promising amount of coaches spoke to athletes about mental health, improvement is still possible. Mental health training should continue to be promoted to all members of the athletic community. As attitude scores were generally positive, this training should potentially focus more on improving capabilities and social norms.

Using the theory of planned behavior to understand the students’ pro-environmental behavior: a case-study in a Portuguese HEI

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabete Correia ◽  
Sara Sousa ◽  
Clara Viseu ◽  
Joana Leite
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Environmental Behavior ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Environmental Attitude ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Main Determinants

Purpose Through the application of the theory of planned behavior (TPB), this study aims to explore the main determinants of higher education students’ pro-environmental behavior. Design/methodology/approach An online survey was conducted among the students of a public higher education institution (HEI) in Portugal, from March to May of 2020. The data were analyzed with the structural equation modeling technique, considering environmental attitude, knowledge, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control as exogenous latent variables, and pro-environmental intention and behavior as endogenous latent variables. Findings The results show that the students’ environmental attitude and knowledge have no significant impact on their pro-environmental intention, while the students’ subjective norm and perceived behavioral control have a positive impact on their pro-environmental intention. The results also reveal that the students’ perceived behavioral control and pro-environmental intention have a strong and positive impact on their pro-environmental behavior. Research limitations/implications This study focuses on the students from a single public HEI, in accounting and administration area, and deepens environmental behavior in relation to resources’ consumption. Practical implications This study provides findings that can be useful for HEIs to be more effective in their policies, strategies and practices to improve students’ environmental behavior. Originality/value The paper contributes to the literature by exploring the main determinants of higher education students’ pro-environmental behavior in a Portuguese HEI and extending the TPB considering the additional variable environmental knowledge.

Attitude, social norms, and perceived behavioral control influence the academic integrity-related behavioral intentions of graduate students

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ting Yang ◽  
Yungui Wang ◽  
Jun Deng ◽  
Chunji Huang
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Academic Integrity ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Postgraduate Students

Graduate students have become the driving force of scientific research at Chinese universities. Therefore, further work is needed to understand what influences postgraduate students' academic integrity. Using the theory of planned behavior, this study investigated the relationships between postgraduates' attitude toward academic integrity, social norms (subjective, descriptive, and moral), perceived behavioral control, and intentions, and examined the moderating role of social identity in the relationship between social norms and intentions. We conducted a survey with 1,256 Chinese biomedical postgraduate students, and analyzed the data with structural equation modeling. The results show that attitude, subjective norms, descriptive norms, and perceived behavioral control influenced students' academic integrity-related behavioral intentions. The model explained over half of the variance in intentions, indicating that attitude, subjective norms, descriptive norms, and perceived behavioral control were the main variables influencing academic integrity-related behaviors. The theory of planned behavior can be applied in research on postgraduates' academic integrity.

Broadening the evidence for the Theory of Planned Behavior: predicting heavy episodic drinking in Argentinean female and male youth

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel I Peltzer ◽  
Karina Conde ◽  
Maria Ayelen Biscarra ◽  
Aldana Lichtenberger ◽  
Mariana Cremonte
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Perceived Control ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Heavy Episodic Drinking ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Male Youth ◽  
Prevention Interventions ◽  
And Performance

Introduction: Although the Theory of Planned Behavior has successfully been applied to explain heavy episodic drinking, recent reviews have identified gaps in the literature. Among them the role of gender, scarce research from non English speaking countries (and thus, other drinking contexts) and lastly, contradictory results regarding the measures used to evaluate social norms and perceived behavioral control. Objective: We aim to broaden the evidence for the Theory of Planned Behavior by evaluating the capacity of the model to predict heavy episodic drinking in Argentinean female and male youth. Methods: In this study a psychometrically sound measure is used and which evaluates both dimensions of social norms and perceived control. We measured Theory of Planned Behavior variables and last month heavy episodic drinking at two-time frames. Multiple linear and logistic regressions were performed. Results: Attitude was the main predictor of heavy episodic drinking intention; there were gender differences, among women perceived behavioral control and subjective norm were also predictors of heavy episodic drinking intentions. The intention was the main predictor of heavy episodic drinking for both genders, while perceived behavioral control was also a predictor among women. Conclusions: Theory of Planned Behavior allows us to better understand the motivational variables related to heavy episodic drinking intention and performance, and thus, to design appropriate prevention interventions.

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