Temperature-induced changes in egg white antimicrobial concentrations during pre-incubation do not influence bacterial trans-shell penetration but do affect hatchling phenotype in Mallards

Microbiome formation and assemblage are essential processes influencing proper embryonal and early-life development in neonates. In birds, transmission of microbes from the outer environment into the egg’s interior has been found to shape embryo viability and hatchling phenotype. However, microbial transmission may be affected by egg-white antimicrobial proteins (AMPs), whose concentration and antimicrobial action are temperature-modulated. As both partial incubation and clutch covering with nest-lining feathers during the pre-incubation period can significantly alter temperature conditions acting on eggs, we experimentally investigated the effects of these behavioural mechanisms on concentrations of both the primary and most abundant egg-white AMPs (lysozyme and avidin) using mallard (Anas platyrhychos) eggs. In addition, we assessed whether concentrations of egg-white AMPs altered the probability and intensity of bacterial trans-shell penetration, thereby affecting hatchling morphological traits in vivo. We observed higher concentrations of lysozyme in partially incubated eggs. Clutch covering with nest-lining feathers had no effect on egg-white AMP concentration and we observed no association between concentration of egg-white lysozyme and avidin with either the probability or intensity of bacterial trans-shell penetration. The higher egg-white lysozyme concentration was associated with decreased scaled body mass index of hatchlings. These outcomes demonstrate that incubation prior to clutch completion in precocial birds can alter concentrations of particular egg-white AMPs, though with no effect on bacterial transmission into the egg in vivo. Furthermore, a higher egg white lysozyme concentration compromised hatchling body condition, suggesting a potential growth-regulating role of lysozyme during embryogenesis in precocial birds.

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Partial incubation-induced changes in concentrations of egg white antimicrobials do not influence trans-shell infection but affect hatchling phenotype

10.21203/rs.3.rs-337108/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jana Svobodová ◽

Jakub Kreisinger ◽

Veronika Gvoždíková Javůrková

Keyword(s):

Egg White ◽

Embryo Viability ◽

Antimicrobial Proteins ◽

Egg White Lysozyme ◽

Lysozyme Concentration ◽

Precocial Birds ◽

Induced Changes ◽

Outer Environment

Abstract Host-microbiome interactions during embryonal and early phase of life is critical point in microbiome formation and assemblage in neonates. In birds, transmission of microbes from the outer environment into the egg interior was found to shape embryo viability and hatchlings phenotype. Microbes’ transmission may be modulated by egg white antimicrobial proteins (AMPs) whose concentration and antimicrobial action are temperature-modulated. As partial incubation and clutch covering with nest-lining feathers during pre-incubation period may both significantly alter temperature conditions acting on eggs, we experimentally investigated effects of these behavioural mechanisms on the concentrations of primary egg white AMPs - lysozyme and avidin using Mallard (Anas platyrhychos) eggs. Moreover, we studied in vivo if concentrations of egg white AMPs reduced probability and intensity of bacterial trans-shell infection and hatchlings phenotype. We found significantly higher egg white lysozyme concentration, while avidin concentration tended to be higher in partially incubated eggs. Clutch covering with nest-lining feathers had no effect on egg white AMPs concentrations. Neither probability nor intensity of bacterial trans-shell infection was associated with concentrations of egg white AMPs. Finally, increased egg white lysozyme was associated with decreased scaled body mass index of hatchlings. These outcomes demonstrate that incubation prior to clutch completion in precocial birds may modulate concentrations of particular egg white AMPs, yet without any effect on transmission of bacteria into the egg in vivo. Furthermore, increased egg white lysozyme may compromise body condition of hatchlings supporting growth-regulating role of lysozyme during embryogenesis in precocial birds.

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The inhibitory role of clioquinol in the fibrillation of hen egg white lysozyme

Chemical Physics Letters ◽

10.1016/j.cplett.2021.138830 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 138830

Author(s):

Baoliang Ma ◽

Haohao Wang ◽

Yujie Liu ◽

Fang Wu ◽

Xudong Zhu

Keyword(s):

Egg White ◽

Hen Egg White Lysozyme ◽

Egg White Lysozyme ◽

Inhibitory Role ◽

Hen Egg White ◽

Hen Egg

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Development of an in Vivo Bioassay Method for Allergy-Preventive Substances Using Hen-Egg White Lysozyme (HEL)-Induced Blood Flow Decrease

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin ◽

10.1248/bpb.28.1490 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 28 (8) ◽

pp. 1490-1495 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Kyoko Ishiguro ◽

Hisae Oku ◽

Yoshimi Ueda ◽

Emiko Iwaoka ◽

Masaru Kunitomo

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Egg White ◽

Hen Egg White Lysozyme ◽

Bioassay Method ◽

Egg White Lysozyme ◽

Hen Egg White ◽

In Vivo Bioassay ◽

Hen Egg

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Role of endothelial cells in regulating hemoglobin-induced changes in lymphatic pumping

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.1992.263.6.h1880 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 263 (6) ◽

pp. H1880-H1887 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. M. Elias ◽

J. Eisenhoffer ◽

M. G. Johnston

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cells ◽

Smooth Muscle ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Direct Inhibitory Effect ◽

Induced Changes ◽

Lymphatic Pumping ◽

Pumping Activity

Studies with a sheep isolated duct preparation in vivo demonstrated that the route of administration of hemoglobin was important in demonstrating its inhibitory effect on lymphatic pumping. With autologous oxyhemoglobin administered intravenously (final plasma concentration 5 x 10(-5) M), pumping was not inhibited. However, the addition of oxyhemoglobin (5 x 10(-5) M) into the reservoir (lumen of the duct) resulted in > 95% inhibition of pumping. The extraluminal administration of oxyhemoglobin (10(-5) M) to bovine mesenteric lymphatics in vitro resulted in a 40% inhibition of pumping, whereas the introduction of oxyhemoglobin (10(-5) M) into the lumen of the vessels suppressed pumping 95%. In vessels mechanically denuded of endothelium, intraluminal oxyhemoglobin inhibited pumping 50%. These results suggested that oxyhemoglobin depressed pumping through an effect on both smooth muscle and endothelium. Once pumping was inhibited with oxyhemoglobin administration, stimulation of the duct with elevations in transmural pressure restored pumping activity when endothelial cells were present. However, in the absence of endothelium, pumping decreased with increases in distending pressures. We conclude that oxyhemoglobin has a direct inhibitory effect on lymphatic smooth muscle. The ability of oxyhemoglobin to alter the pressure range over which the lymph pump operates appears to be dependent on an intact endothelium.

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Role of enkephalins in regulation of basal intestinal water and ion absorption in the rat

AJP Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpgi.1984.246.4.g386 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 246 (4) ◽

pp. G386-G392

Author(s):

R. Fogel ◽

R. B. Kaplan

Keyword(s):

Receptor Antagonist ◽

Water Transport ◽

Opiate Receptor ◽

Ion Absorption ◽

Mu Receptors ◽

Induced Changes ◽

Delta Receptor ◽

Mu Opiate Receptor

Intraluminal administration of naloxone (10(-4) M), a mu-opiate receptor antagonist, or diprenorphine (10(-6) M), an opiate receptor antagonist with high affinity for both delta- and mu-receptors, decreased basal in vivo water and electrolyte absorption in the jejunum and ileum but not the colon of the rat. Diprenorphine (10(-5) M) decreased basal colonic water transport. These changes were not due to a reduction in mucosal Na-K-ATPase activity. Intravenous atropine prevented as well as abolished the changes in water transport due to naloxone. The diprenorphine-induced changes were not altered by atropine. Naloxone and diprenorphine acted by different receptors. Pretreatment with naloxone (10(-4) M) prevented the increase in water transport due to morphine, a mu-agonist, whereas a higher concentration of naloxone (10(-3) M) was required to inhibit the increase due to D-Ala-methionine-enkephalinamide, a delta-receptor agonist. In contrast, diprenorphine (10(-6) M) abolished the absorption caused by morphine and D-Ala-methionine-enkephalinamide. Diprenorphine (3 X 10(-7) M) partially prevented the morphine-induced increase in water absorption.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Structure–Sweetness Relationship in Egg White Lysozyme: Role of Lysine and Arginine Residues on the Elicitation of Lysozyme Sweetness

Chemical Senses ◽

10.1093/chemse/bji060 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 30 (8) ◽

pp. 667-681 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Tetsuya Masuda ◽

Nobuyuki Ide ◽

Naofumi Kitabatake

Keyword(s):

Egg White ◽

Egg White Lysozyme ◽

Arginine Residues

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Subtilisin-catalyzed religation of proteolyzed hen egg-white lysozyme: investigation of the role of disulfides

Chemistry & Biology ◽

10.1016/s1074-5521(96)90109-x ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 295-299 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Karen Vogel ◽

Julia Cook ◽

Jean Chmielewski

Keyword(s):

Egg White ◽

Hen Egg White Lysozyme ◽

Egg White Lysozyme ◽

Hen Egg White ◽

Hen Egg

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Differential role of glucocorticoids in mediating endotoxin-induced changes in IGF-I and IGFBP-1

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.1997.272.6.r1990 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 272 (6) ◽

pp. R1990-R1997 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Y. H. Li ◽

J. Fan ◽

C. H. Lang

Keyword(s):

Plasma Corticosterone ◽

Mrna Abundance ◽

Male Rats ◽

Ru 486 ◽

Igf I ◽

Igf Binding ◽

Induced Changes ◽

Igf Binding Protein

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether endogenous elevations in glucocorticoids mediate the changes in insulin-like growth factor (IGF) 1 and IGF binding protein (IGFBP) 1 levels in plasma and tissues observed after in vivo administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In overnight-fasted male rats LPS injected via the tail vein decreased the IGF-I concentration in plasma, liver, and skeletal muscle (30-45%) and increased IGF-I content in kidney (approximately 3-fold). LPS also decreased IGF-I mRNA abundance in liver and muscle and increased gene expression in kidney. Concomitantly, IGFBP-1 levels in plasma, liver, and muscle were markedly elevated by LPS. All these changes were associated with a greater than fourfold elevation in plasma corticosterone. Pretreatment of rats with the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist RU-486 completely prevented or blunted the LPS-induced changes in IGF-I content in plasma, liver, muscle, and kidney. In liver and muscle RU-486 significantly attenuated the reduction in IGF-I mRNA abundance produced by LPS, but in kidney the LPS-induced increase in IGF-I mRNA was still evident. In contrast, pretreatment with RU-486 did not prevent or attenuate the LPS-induced increase in IGFBP-1 levels in plasma, liver, or muscle. These data suggest that glucocorticoids play a major role in regulating IGF-I mRNA and peptide content in tissues in response to LPS, but the increased IGFBP-1 in blood and tissues induced by LPS appears largely glucocorticoid independent.

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