scholarly journals The effect of supragingival glycine air polishing on periodontitis during maintenance therapy: a randomized controlled trial

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongye Lu ◽  
Lu He ◽  
Yibing Zhao ◽  
Huanxin Meng
Keyword(s):  
Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Air Polishing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plaque Biofilm

Background Glycine air polishing has been proved to be safe, comfortable and time-saving. Whether it could substitute ultrasonic scaling to remove dental plaque biofilm during periodontal maintenance remains unclear. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the effect of supragingival glycine air polishing (SGAP) on the subgingival periodontal pathogens during maintenance therapy and to check the association of periodontal pathogens and clinical parameters. Methods Twenty-three chronic periodontitis patients during their maintenance therapy were enrolled in the 12-week study. According to randomized split-mouth design, the test side was treated with SGAP (65 μm), while the control side was treated with supragingival ultrasonic scaling and polishing (SUSP) with rubber cup. Clinical examination including plaque index (PLI), probing depth (PD), bleeding index (BI) were performed at baseline and 12 weeks post-treatment. Sampling of the subgingival plaque at each investigational site (mesiobuccal site of the mandibular first molar) was performed at baseline and 2, 4, 8, 12 weeks after maintenance treatment. Four periodontal pathogens including Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola and Fusobacterium nucleatum were detected by 16S rDNA polymerase chain reaction. Results Clinical status generally improved after treatment in both groups. PLI in both groups, PD in SGAP group and bleeding on probing (%) in SUSP group significantly decreased after treatment (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference of clinical parameters between two groups before and after treatment. The detection rates of P. gingivalis, T. denticola in both groups, T. forsythia in SUSP group and F. nucleatum in SGAP group decreased after maintenance treatment in both groups, although no significant difference was found, and it rebound to baseline level at 12 weeks after maintenance treatment. There was no significant difference between SGAP group and SUSP group at any time point. T. denticola-positive sites had significantly greater BI than T. denticola-negative sites (p < 0.05). Discussion Supragingival glycine air polishing had a reliable effect in removing subgingival dental plaque biofilm during maintenance period, and three months may be a proper maintenance interval for pockets not more than 5 mm.

The JPJDF has Synergistic Effect with Fluoropyrimidine in the Maintenance Therapy for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-269
Author(s):  
Xiaoling Fu ◽  
Yanbo Zhang ◽  
Lisheng Chang ◽  
Dengcheng Hui ◽  
Ru Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Metastatic Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Advanced Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Induction Treatment ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Regimen ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Maintenance chemotherapeutic regimen with low toxicity is needed for metastatic colorectal cancer. A recent patent has been issued on the spleen-strengthening and detoxification prescription (JPJDF), a traditional Chinese herbal medicinal formula with anti-angiogenesis effect. The clinical effect of JPJDF on the maintenance treatment of advanced colorectal cancer has not been evaluated. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of JPJDF in combination with fluoropyrimidine compared to fluoropyrimidine alone as maintenance therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer. Methods: We applied a prospective, randomized, double-blinded, single center clinical study design. A total of 137 patients with advanced colorectal cancer were recruited. Patients received either Fluoropyrimidine (Flu-treated group, n = 68), or Fluoropyrimidine plus JPJDF (Flu-F-treated group, n = 69) as maintenance treatment after 6-cycle of FOLFOX4 or FOLFORI induction treatment. The primary endpoints were Progression-Free Survival (PFS) and Overall Survival (OS). The secondary endpoints were safety, Performance Status (PS) score and other symptoms. Results: The endpoint of disease progression was observed in 91.7% of patients. The PFS was 5.0 months and 3.0 months in the Flu-F-treated and Flu-treated groups, respectively. The OS was 15.0 months and 9.0 months in the Flu-F-treated and Flu-treated groups, respectively. Some common symptoms, such as hypodynamia, anepithymia, dizziness and tinnitus and shortness of breath, were improved in the Flu-F-treated group. There was no significant difference in the common adverse reactions between the two groups. Conclusion: JPJDF and fluoropyrimidine have synergistic effect in the maintenance treatment of mCRC.

scholarly journals Efficacy of a U-Shaped Automatic Electric Toothbrush in Dental Plaque Removal: A Cross-Over Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
pp. 4649
Author(s):  
Michele Nieri ◽  
Veronica Giuntini ◽  
Umberto Pagliaro ◽  
Monica Giani ◽  
Lorenzo Franchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Plaque Score ◽  
Plaque Removal ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Electric Toothbrush

Background: The aim of this single-use, four-treatment, four-period (visit), cross-over, mono-centered, examiner-blind, cross-over randomized controlled trial (RCT) was to evaluate the efficacy in dental plaque removal of a U-shaped automatic electric toothbrush (U) compared to a conventional powered toothbrush (P), a habitual toothbrushing procedure (H), and no brushing (N). Methods: Eligible participants were volunteer students. Primary outcome measure was the reduction in full-mouth plaque score (FMPS) after brushing. The secondary outcome variable was a visual analogic scale (VAS) on subjective clean mouth sensation. Mixed models were performed for difference in FMPS and VAS. Results: Twenty-two participants were randomized to the treatments in the four periods of the study. The differences between treatments in FMPS reduction after brushing were statistically significant (p < 0.0001). The differences were statistically significant between the U and P groups (difference −48; 95% CI from −54 to −41) favoring the P group, and between the U and H groups (difference −45; 95% CI from −52 to −39) favoring the H group. On the contrary, the difference between the U and N groups was not significant (difference 5; 95% CI from −2 to 12) favoring the U group. The differences between treatments in clean mouth VAS was statistically significant (p < 0.0001) favoring the P and H groups. Conclusions: The U-shaped automatic electric toothbrush tested in this study proved to be not effective in removing dental plaque.

scholarly journals Periodontopathogens in the saliva and subgingival dental plaque of a group of mothers

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odila Pereira da Silva Rosa ◽  
Salete Moura Bonifácio da Silva ◽  
Beatriz Costa ◽  
Sérgio Aparecido Torres ◽  
Euloir Passanezi
Keyword(s):  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Prevotella Nigrescens ◽  
Probing Depth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mothers And Children ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Oral Colonization

The aim of this study was to assess the periodontal condition and the presence of putative periodontal pathogens in 30 Brazilian mothers, aging 21-40 years (28.4 ± 4.49 years), and in their children, aging 5-6 years, since mothers can be a source of pathogens and, thus, influence their children's bacteriological and clinical condition. Besides assessing the plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) and pocket probing depth (PD), the survey analyzed four subgingival dental plaque samples from mothers and children, as well as a sample of stimulated saliva from mothers. Those samples were analyzed by means of the slot immunoblot (SIB) technique, in order to determine the presence of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Prevotella nigrescens (Pn), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and Treponema denticola (Td). The mean values and standard deviations of the evaluated clinical variables for mothers and children were, respectively: 1.86 ± 0.67 and 1.64 ± 0.68 for PI, and 1.24 ± 0.67 and 0.82 ± 0.37, for GI. Only for mothers, the total PD was 1.81 ± 0.69 mm, and the PD of four sites was 4.03 ± 1.40 mm. The Wilcoxon test revealed significant difference (p < 0.05) between mothers and their children only as to GI. The most prevalent bacteria in mothers were, in decreasing order: Aa, Pn, Pg and Td. The children presented patterns of oral hygiene and bacterial profiles similar to those of their mothers, in spite of the fact that most of them did not present enough subgingival plaque for testing. The comparison between mothers' subgingival dental plaque and saliva samples revealed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) for all bacteria, with greater positivity and scores in the saliva, which demonstrates that it is an indicator of oral colonization and can work as a vehicle for the transmission of periodontopathogens from mothers to their children.

scholarly journals Comparison of colon adenoma detection rates using cap-assisted and Endocuff-assisted colonoscopy: a randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 07 (12) ◽  
pp. E1585-E1591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Marsano ◽  
Sheeva Johnson ◽  
Stephanie Yan ◽  
Latifat Alli-Akintade ◽  
Machelle Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Polyp Size ◽  
Withdrawal Time ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Adenoma Detection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adenoma Detection Rates

Abstract Objectives and study aim Colonoscopy prevents colorectal cancer by removing adenomatous polyps, but missed adenomas lead to interval cancers. Different devices have been used to increase adenoma detection rates (ADR). Two such devices of interest are the transparent cap (Olympus) and Endocuff (ARC Medical). Our study aimed to compare differences in ADR between Endocuff-assisted colonoscopy (EAC), cap-assisted colonoscopy (CAC) and standard colonoscopy (SC). Patients and methods A sample size of 126 subjects was calculated to determine an effect size of 30 %. Patients undergoing screening or surveillance colonoscopy between March 2016 and January 2017 were randomized to SC, CAC or EAC groups. Three experienced endoscopists performed all colonoscopies. Patient demographics, procedure indication, Boston Bowel Prep Score (BBPS), withdrawal time, polyp size, location, histopathology, were analyzed. Results There was no difference in ADR (52 %, 40 % and 54 %) in the SC, CAC and EAC groups respectively (P = 0.4). Similar findings were also observed for proximal ADR (45 %, 35 %, and 50 %, P = 0.4) and SSA detection rate (16 %, 14 %, and 23 %, P = 0.5). EAC detected higher mean ADR per colonoscopy compared to CAC (1.70 vs 0.76, P = 0.01). However, there was no significant difference in mean ADR per positive colonoscopy (2.08, 1.63, and 2.59, P = 0.21). Conclusion In a randomized controlled trial comparing AC to CAC and SC, neither device conferred additional benefits in ADR among high detectors. When comparing each device, EAC may be better than CAC at detecting more total adenomas.

Trehalose powder for subgingival air-polishing during periodontal maintenance therapy: A randomized controlled trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne B. Kruse ◽  
Dodji L. Akakpo ◽  
Rabie Maamar ◽  
Johan P. Woelber ◽  
Ali Al-Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Air Polishing ◽  
Periodontal Maintenance

scholarly journals Comparing the influence of 1-day versus 3-day low-residue diet on bowel preparation for colonoscopy:a randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Jiao ◽  
Junmin Wang ◽  
Wenjuan Zhao ◽  
Huan Ma ◽  
Xiao Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bowel Preparation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Polyp Detection ◽  
Cecal Intubation ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Polyp Detection Rate ◽  
Patient Tolerance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Low Residue Diet

Abstract Backgroud :A low-residue diet (LRD) can potentially reduce the hunger of patients while improving compliance and tolerance,without compromising the quality of bowel preparation.This study investigated the effects of 1-day low-residue diets compared with 3-day for colonoscopic bowel preparation . Methods: Patients undergoing bowel preparation before colonoscopy were randomly divided into 1-day and 3-day LRD groups.Oral polyethylene glycol (PEG) electrolyte solution and simethicone were applied to all patients submitted to bowel preparation. The primary outcome measure included the quality of the bowel preparation rated by the Boston bowel preparation scale(BBPS), and the secondary measures included (i) cecal intubation time and withdrawal time, (ii) polyp detection rate, (iii) patient tolerance and (iv) the willingness of the patient to repeat the diet protocol thereafter. Results: No significant difference was detected in regards the quality of the bowel preparation when comparing the two groups, since the mean of BBPS score was 6.54 versus 6.55 in the 1- and 3-day LRD groups. The cecal intubation times,withdrawal times, polyp detection rates,and the patient tolerance (i.e.hunger-comfort score[1]) showed no significant difference between the 1- and 3-day LRD groups. However,overall satisfaction was higher with the 1-day LRD group than with the 3-day LRD group. Conclusion: The 1-day and 3-day low-residue diets showed no major effect on bowel preparation previously to colonoscopy, while the tolerance and satisfaction of patients were higher after 1-day low-residue diet. Trial registration: Clinical Trial Registry Identifier:ChiCTR1900025843.Date of registration:September 10,2019 “Retrospectively registered”. Key words: colonoscopy; bowel preparation; low-residue diet; duration; bowel-cleansing quality

Thalidomide-Interferon Vs. Interferon Maintenance Therapy After Thal-Dex Vs. MP Induction Therapy in Elderly Patients with Multiple Myeloma.

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (22) ◽  
pp. 2891-2891
Author(s):  
Heinz Ludwig ◽  
Zdenek Adam ◽  
Elena Tóthová ◽  
Roman Hajek ◽  
Boris Labar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Induction Therapy ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Logrank Test ◽  
Log Rank Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Standard Risk

Abstract Abstract 2891 Poster Board II-867 Thalidomide maintenance therapy after completion of induction therapy plus ASCT and also after conventional therapy yielded conflicting results with some trials showing improvement in overall survival and others not. This study evaluates the efficacy of Thalidomide plus Interferon a2b (Thal-IFN) in comparison to interferon a2b (IFN) as maintenance therapy in elderly pts with multiple myeloma. For induction therapy, 289 pts had been randomized to either Thalidomide-Dexamethasone or to Melphalan-Prednisolone; results of this part of the study had been reported previously (BLOOD, 113, 3435-3442, 2009). 137 pts who had completed 9 cycles of induction therapy and had achieved stable disease or better were eligible for maintenance treatment, and 128 (median age 72 years, range 54 - 86 years) had finally been randomized to either Thal (starting dose: 200mg/day) in combination with IFN-a2b (Schering-Plough, 3 Mega U, TIW) or IFN a2b (IFN) at the same dose/schedule only. All pts were scheduled for zoledronate 4mg, q 4 weeks. Median follow up from randomization to maintenance: 35 mos. Median duration of maintenance therapy: 13.2 mos and 8.3 mos for pts randomized to Thal-IFN or to IFN, respectively (logrank test p=0.20). Maintenance therapy with Thal-IFN resulted in an improvement in the depth of response from PR to VGPR or CR in 5 (8%) and with IFN in 2 (3%) pts, respectively. Progression-free survival (PFS) was significantly longer in the Thal-IFN (27.7 mos) compared to the IFN only maintenance group (13.2 mos), (HR, 0.55; 95% 95% CI, 0.36-0.86; log-rank test, p=0.0068). Analysis of PFS by either Thal-Dex or MP induction therapy showed a significantly shorter PFS in pts started on Thal-Dex and subsequently randomized to IFN maintenance only (7.8 mos, log-rank test, p=0.037). PFS was 27.7 mos in pts started on Thal-Dex followed by Thal-IFN, 20.2 mos in those with MP induction therapy followed by IFN, and 27.6 mos in pts with Thal-IFN maintenance after MP induction therapy. Overall survival (OS) was similar in both groups (Thal-IFN 52.6 mos and IFN 51.4 mos, HR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.53-1.66, log-rank test; p=0.81). OS by induction therapy did not vary significantly between the four treatment groups (logrank test, p=0.99). No significant difference in OS was seen between pts younger than 75 years and those aged 75 years or older (logrank test, p=0.39). Survival after progression of disease tended to be longer in pts who received IFN maintenance therapy only compared to those started on Thal-IFN (HR: 1.75, 95% CI, 0.97 – 3.14, logrank test: 0.056), while OS was similar between both groups when analyzed from termination of maintenance therapy (HR: 1.20, 95% CI, 0.65 – 2.20, log rang test 0.57). Baseline scores of the EORTC QLQ C30 items general health (Thal-IFN, mean 56; IFN, mean 59) and overall quality of life (Thal-IFN, mean 58; IFN, mean 60) were markedly below the score obtained in an healthy population (mean 75.3 and 73.3 respectively), but did neither differ at baseline between both groups nor did they vary significantly during the course of the maintenance (statistics will be provided). Cytogenetic data were available in 66 pts. PFS tended to be longer in pts with adverse FISH findings [t (4; 14), t (14; 20) Del 17p and abnormalities of 1q21] compared to the standard risk group, but differences were not significant (median: 31.5 vs. 21.6 mos, HR: 1.69, 95% CI, 0.13 – 3.07, log-rank test 0.084). The median of OS was 72.3 mos in those with standard risk and 39.6 mos in those with high risk features (HR: 1.94, 95% CI 0.91-4.13, log rank test: 0.082). In multivariate analysis (Cox model) only Thal-IFN maintenance therapy was shown to correlate significantly with PFS (HR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.39-0.89, p=0.04) while for poor performance status, low hemoglobin, and low albumin a statistically non-significant correlation with survival was noted. Hematologic toxicity was similar between both groups. Pts on Thal-IFN maintenance experienced significantly more neuropathy (p=0.0024), constipation (p=0.0007) and skin toxicity (p=0.0063) and increase in renal impairment (p=0.037). In addition, there was a tendency for more dyspnea (p=0.40) and more fatigue (p=0.11) in pts on Thal-IFN maintenance therapy. Other non-hematological toxicities were similarly distributed in both therapy arms. In conclusion, Thal-IFN maintenance therapy resulted in increased PFS compared IFN maintenance treatment only, but OS was similar between both groups. Disclosures: Ludwig: Celgene: Honoraria; Mundipharma: Honoraria; AMGEN: Honoraria; Ortho-Biotech : Honoraria; Janssen-Cilag: Research Funding; Roche: Honoraria. Hajek:Janssen-Cilag: Honoraria. Kuhn:Schering-Plough: Employment.

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