scholarly journals Evaluation of Histomorphometric Changes in Tissue Architecture in Relation to Alteration in Fixation Protocol – An Invitro Study

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pallav Singhal
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Architecture ◽  
Fixation Protocol

scholarly journals Histomorphological Assessment of Formalin versus Nonformalin Fixatives in Diagnostic Surgical Pathology

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
pp. 271-275
Author(s):  
Jayaprakash Kubalady Shetty ◽  
Hannah Fathima Babu ◽  
Kishan Prasad Hosapatna Laxminarayana
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Alcohol ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Tissue Architecture ◽  
Substantial Evidence ◽  
Diagnostic Pathology ◽  
Rapid Fixation ◽  
Chromatin Texture ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Potential Human Health

Abstract Introduction Fixation is the critical step in the preservation of tissues in diagnostic pathology. The formalin is an economical and excellent fixative with the inherent property of adequate fixation. The well-established side effects of formalin include mucosal irritation, upper respiratory diseases, and corrosive injury to the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, substantial evidence exists regarding the potential role of formaldehyde as a human carcinogen. The carcinogenic and toxic effects of formalin encourage searching for alternative fixatives for tissue fixation. However, “the formalin dogma” has severely hampered the search for alternative fixatives for many years. Material and Methods Ninety tissues of liver and skeletal muscle obtained during autopsies were immersed in adequate amounts of the following fixatives: formalin (10%), methyl alcohol (70%), and acetone (100%). The comparison among the three was made based on time for fixation, preservation of tissue architecture, cell borders, cytoplasm, nuclear contours, chromatin texture, and uniformity of staining. Results The tissue preserved in formalin undergoes rapid fixation compared with alcohol and acetone. The tissue architecture, cell border characteristics of alcohol and acetone was found satisfactory compared with formalin. The cytoplasm and nuclear contour were superior with the formalin. The chromatin texture and uniformity of staining were similar with all the three fixatives. Conclusion The formalin is considered superior to most of the parameters, whereas both methyl alcohol and acetone showed nearly equivalent scores. Hence, owing to the potential human health hazards and carcinogenicity of formalin, no rational reasons hamper the complete substitution of formalin with alternative fixatives such as alcohol and acetone in diagnostic pathology and medical research.

scholarly journals Patterns of Cell Division and the Risk of Cancer

Genetics ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 163 (4) ◽  
pp. 1527-1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A Frank ◽  
Yoh Iwasa ◽  
Martin A Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Basal Layer ◽  
Mutation Rates ◽  
Tissue Architecture ◽  
Cell Lineages ◽  
Cell Mutation ◽  
Long Stem ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Transit Cell

Abstract Epidermal and intestinal tissues divide throughout life to replace lost surface cells. These renewing tissues have long-lived basal stem cell lineages that divide many times, each division producing one stem cell and one transit cell. The transit cell divides a limited number of times, producing cells that move up from the basal layer and eventually slough off from the surface. If mutation rates are the same in stem and transit divisions, we show that minimal cancer risk is obtained by using the fewest possible stem divisions subject to the constraints imposed by the need to renew the tissue. In this case, stem cells are a necessary risk imposed by the constraints of tissue architecture. Cairns suggested that stem cells may have lower mutation rates than transit cells do. We develop a mathematical model to study the consequences of different stem and transit mutation rates. Our model shows that stem cell mutation rates two or three orders of magnitude less than transit mutation rates may favor relatively more stem divisions and fewer transit divisions, perhaps explaining how renewing tissues allocate cell divisions between long stem and short transit lineages.

scholarly journals Pseudo-Placentational Endometrial Hyperplasia in the Bitch: Case Series

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 718
Author(s):  
Gabriele Marino ◽  
Alessandra Sfacteria ◽  
Giuseppe Catone ◽  
Antonina Zanghì ◽  
Fabiana Pecchia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cells ◽  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltrate ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Pregnant Female ◽  
Large Database ◽  
Tissue Architecture ◽  
Classical Form ◽  
Spongy Layer ◽  
Proliferative Lesion

Canine pseudo-placentational endometrial hyperplasia differs from the classical form of cystic endometrial hyperplasia for the well-organized tissue architecture resembling the canine placenta. After the discovery, it has been inconstantly reported. The present work reports the clinicopathological details of six spontaneous cases retrieved retrospectively from a large database. The lesion was found in young non-pregnant female dogs (median 2.0 years) at the end of dioestrus. It could be imaged by ultrasound and was always grossly detectable as single or multiple uterine enlargements of 2–3 cm in diameter with a villous whitish tissue growing on the mucosa and occluding the lumen. Histology confirmed the tissue architecture of the canine placenta with a basal glandular layer, a connective band, a spongy layer and a tortuous and compact labyrinth, often poorly recognizable. The pseudo-placentational hyperplasia is a non-inflammatory proliferative lesion although numerous mast cells inhabit the connective band, and a superimposed inflammatory infiltrate was seen in a case. Canine pseudo-placentational endometrial hyperplasia has very peculiar features, and it is a model for canine placentation and may help to better understand the cystic endometrial hyperplasia/pyometra complex.

Perfusion Improves Tissue Architecture of Engineered Cardiac Muscle

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Carrier ◽  
Maria Rupnick ◽  
Robert Langer ◽  
Frederick J. Schoen ◽  
Lisa E. Freed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Muscle ◽  
Tissue Architecture

scholarly journals Matt Gibson: The blueprints of tissue architecture

2009 ◽  
Vol 186 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-167
Author(s):  
Ben Short
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Architecture ◽  
Physical Processes

Gibson studies the genetic and physical processes that help epithelia get in shape.

scholarly journals Prediction and validation of cell alignment along microvessels as order principle to restore tissue architecture in liver regeneration

2010 ◽  
Vol 107 (23) ◽  
pp. 10371-10376 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hoehme ◽  
M. Brulport ◽  
A. Bauer ◽  
E. Bedawy ◽  
W. Schormann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Regeneration ◽  
Cell Alignment ◽  
Tissue Architecture

scholarly journals In vivo intervertebral disc deformation: intratissue strain patterns within adjacent discs during flexion–extension

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert L. Wilson ◽  
Leah Bowen ◽  
Woong Kim ◽  
Luyao Cai ◽  
Stephanie Ellyse Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Tissue Architecture ◽  
Mechanical Responses ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Adjacent Disc ◽  
Shear Strains ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

AbstractThe biomechanical function of the intervertebral disc (IVD) is a critical indicator of tissue health and pathology. The mechanical responses (displacements, strain) of the IVD to physiologic movement can be spatially complex and depend on tissue architecture, consisting of distinct compositional regions and integrity; however, IVD biomechanics are predominately uncharacterized in vivo. Here, we measured voxel-level displacement and strain patterns in adjacent IVDs in vivo by coupling magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with cyclic motion of the cervical spine. Across adjacent disc segments, cervical flexion–extension of 10° resulted in first principal and maximum shear strains approaching 10%. Intratissue spatial analysis of the cervical IVDs, not possible with conventional techniques, revealed elevated maximum shear strains located in the posterior disc (nucleus pulposus) regions. IVD structure, based on relaxometric patterns of T2 and T1ρ images, did not correlate spatially with functional metrics of strain. Our approach enables a comprehensive IVD biomechanical analysis of voxel-level, intratissue strain patterns in adjacent discs in vivo, which are largely independent of MRI relaxometry. The spatial mapping of IVD biomechanics in vivo provides a functional assessment of adjacent IVDs in subjects, and provides foundational biomarkers for elastography, differentiation of disease state, and evaluation of treatment efficacy.

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