A cross-sectional study of the association between anxiety and temporomandibular disorder in Australian chiropractic students

Objective: This study examined the association between anxiety and temporomandibular disorder (TMD) in Australian chiropractic students, particularly its effect on quality of life. Methods: Chiropractic students (n = 185) completed online surveys, including the Oral Health Impact Profile for TMDs (OHIP-TMD) and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) questionnaire. The OHIP-TMD psychometric properties were assessed using principal component analysis. Linear regression models were used to examine demographic predictors for anxiety and TMD. A general linear model assessed the association between anxiety and the psychosocial and function scales identified through analysis of the OHIP-TMD questionnaire. Results: The mean value for the OHIP-TMD and PROMIS was 1.3 (SD = 0.7) and 9.5 (SD = 4.1), respectively. Women reported significantly lower quality of life (QoL) related to TMD symptoms (p = 0.006) and that QoL related to TMD symptoms increased significantly as students progressed through the course (p = .025). Lower levels of anxiety were significantly associated with male gender (p = .000), employment (p = .008), higher program levels (p = .003), and having children (p = .005). General linear model analysis revealed that increased anxiety was significantly associated with higher levels of oral physical function impairment (p = .003) and elevated psychosocial distress (p = .0001). Conclusion: Anxiety was significantly associated with psychosocial distress and oral physical function impairment in university chiropractic students. In addition to impacting on oral health-related QoL, anxiety also affects students' engagement with learning and academic performance. It would therefore be beneficial to implement strategies that mitigate students' anxiety levels.

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Analysis of the Levels of Physical Activity in the Quality of Life of Elderly Patients With Hypertension

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v12n4p138 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 138

Author(s):

Leônidas Oliveira Neto ◽

Vagner Deuel de Oliveira Tavares ◽

Ângelo Augusto Paula do Nascimento ◽

Kenio Costa Lima

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Elderly Patients ◽

Linear Model ◽

Mental Status ◽

General Linear Model ◽

General Linear

BACKGROUND: Changes in lifestyle are essential to promote the control of hypertension and quality of life in older adults. Objective: To verify the influence of the level of physical activity (LPA) on quality of life in hypertensive older adults. METHOD: The sample included a total of 291 hypertensive older adults, 102 men and 189 women, with a mean age of 69.7 ± 7.7 and 69.2 ± 7.2 respectively. The General Linear Model was applied to measure the interactions (LPA and sex) between active and inactive groups. RESULTS: There was a difference between active men and active women with inactive older adults of both sexes for mental status (p<.0001), as well as a difference between active men and active women with inactive older adults of both sexes for somatic manifestations (p<.0001). No differences were observed between active men and active women for any other variables. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that a higher level of physical activity can lead to a better quality of life.

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Domestic violence and its relationship with quality of life in pregnant women during the outbreak of COVID-19 disease

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-021-03579-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Somayyeh Naghizadeh ◽

Mojgan Mirghafourvand ◽

Roghaye Mohammadirad

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Mental Health ◽

Domestic Violence ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Linear Model ◽

Health Department ◽

General Linear Model ◽

General Linear ◽

The Mean

Abstract Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, pregnant women bear considerable physical and psychological stress because of their special conditions, which combined with other stress factors such as violence, makes their situation even more critical. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of domestic violence and its relationship with quality of life in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed with the participation of 250 pregnant women in the obstetrics clinic of 29-Bahman Hospital, Tabriz city. Using a three-part questionnaire consisting of the socio-demographic and obstetrics information, the domestic violence questionnaire developed by WHO, and the SF-12 quality of life questionnaire, the required information was collected. A general linear model was then used to determine the relationship between domestic violence and quality of life, while adjusting the socio-demographic and obstetrics information. Results According to the data, more than one-third of pregnant women (35.2 %) had experienced domestic violence. The most common type of violence experienced was emotional violence (32.8 %), followed by sexual violence (12.4 %), and physical violence (4.8 %). The mean score of the physical health department of quality of life in the group of women exposed to violence (50.21) was lower compared to the unexposed group (53.45), though there was no significant difference between them (P = 0.25). However, the mean score of the mental health department of quality of life in women exposed to violence (46.27) was significantly lower compared to unexposed women (61.17) (P < 0.001). Based on the general linear model, the mean score for quality of life in the mental health dimension was significantly higher among unexposed women compared to those exposed to violence (β = 9.3, 95 %CI: 3.5 to 15.0, P = 0.002). Conclusions The findings of this study indicate a high prevalence of domestic violence and its relationship with a low quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the findings signify the importance of screening pregnant women in terms of domestic violence in respective centers as well as the necessity of conducting proper interventions to address domestic violence to improve the quality of life in women.

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Age‐related differences in diagnostic categories, psychological states and oral health–related quality of life of adult temporomandibular disorder patients

Journal of Oral Rehabilitation ◽

10.1111/joor.13121 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Adrian Ujin Yap ◽

Ye Cao ◽

Min‐Juan Zhang ◽

Jie Lei ◽

Kai‐Yuan Fu

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Oral Health ◽

Temporomandibular Disorder ◽

Health Related Quality ◽

Psychological States ◽

Diagnostic Categories ◽

Age Related ◽

Related Quality ◽

Health Related

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Decision letter for "Age‐related differences in diagnostic categories, psychological states, and oral health‐related quality of life of adult Temporomandibular Disorder patients"

10.1111/joor.13121/v1/decision1 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Oral Health ◽

Temporomandibular Disorder ◽

Health Related Quality ◽

Psychological States ◽

Diagnostic Categories ◽

Age Related ◽

Related Quality ◽

Health Related

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Dysphagia and Masticatory Performance as a Mediator of the Xerostomia to Quality of Life Relation in the Older Population

10.21203/rs.3.rs-29978/v4 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ting-Yu Lu ◽

Jen-Hao Chen ◽

Je-Kan Du ◽

Ying-Chun Lin ◽

Pei-Shan Ho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Older Adults ◽

Oral Health ◽

Physical Function ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Dental Status ◽

Mediating Effects ◽

Masticatory Performance ◽

Oral Function

Abstract Background: The impact of poor oral health on older adults’ quality of life is a public health problem. In this study, the mediating effects of dental status, occlusal condition, dysphagia, and masticatory performance on the association between xerostomia and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) were assessed in the older adult population. Methods: Stratified cluster sampling was used to recruit 1076 community-dwelling adults aged 65 years and older from Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Community care centers were randomly selected according to their geographic classifications (urban, rural, or mountainous areas). Assessments of dental status and occlusal condition were performed by dentists. Information on demographics, physical function, xerostomia, dysphagia and depression was collected through face-to-face interviews. Masticatory performance was evaluated using color-changeable chewing gum. OHRQoL was measured using the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index. Hierarchical regression models were used to assess the relationships between OHRQoL and physical function, dental status and oral function in older adults. Path analysis was used to estimate direct and indirect pathways between xerostomia and OHRQoL.Results: Participants with xerostomia exhibited a 0.20 OHRQoL reduction (p < .001) compared with patients with no xerostomia, and the direct effect accounted for 83.3% of the total effect. Dysphagia and masticatory performance were found to exert significant mediating effects on the association between xerostomia and OHRQoL (βs = 0.20 and −0.12, respectively; both p < .001; βs = 0.06 and −0.09, respectively; both p < .05). Moreover, potential mediating effects of the number of functional teeth (βs = −0.11 and −0.43, respectively; both p < .001) and occlusal condition (βs = 0.09 and 0.13, respectively; both p < .05) on the relationship between xerostomia and masticatory performance were noted.Conclusions: Dysphagia and masticatory performance may serve as pathways through which xerostomia affects quality of life. Early oral function intervention may be a valuable and actionable target for older adults to maintain quality of life. Our results further suggest that checkup and screening for oral dysfunction are essential to prevent or delay the onset of complications.

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