scholarly journals Domestic violence and its relationship with quality of life in pregnant women during the outbreak of COVID-19 disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Somayyeh Naghizadeh ◽  
Mojgan Mirghafourvand ◽  
Roghaye Mohammadirad
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Health Department ◽  
General Linear Model ◽  
General Linear ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, pregnant women bear considerable physical and psychological stress because of their special conditions, which combined with other stress factors such as violence, makes their situation even more critical. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of domestic violence and its relationship with quality of life in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed with the participation of 250 pregnant women in the obstetrics clinic of 29-Bahman Hospital, Tabriz city. Using a three-part questionnaire consisting of the socio-demographic and obstetrics information, the domestic violence questionnaire developed by WHO, and the SF-12 quality of life questionnaire, the required information was collected. A general linear model was then used to determine the relationship between domestic violence and quality of life, while adjusting the socio-demographic and obstetrics information. Results According to the data, more than one-third of pregnant women (35.2 %) had experienced domestic violence. The most common type of violence experienced was emotional violence (32.8 %), followed by sexual violence (12.4 %), and physical violence (4.8 %). The mean score of the physical health department of quality of life in the group of women exposed to violence (50.21) was lower compared to the unexposed group (53.45), though there was no significant difference between them (P = 0.25). However, the mean score of the mental health department of quality of life in women exposed to violence (46.27) was significantly lower compared to unexposed women (61.17) (P < 0.001). Based on the general linear model, the mean score for quality of life in the mental health dimension was significantly higher among unexposed women compared to those exposed to violence (β = 9.3, 95 %CI: 3.5 to 15.0, P = 0.002). Conclusions The findings of this study indicate a high prevalence of domestic violence and its relationship with a low quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the findings signify the importance of screening pregnant women in terms of domestic violence in respective centers as well as the necessity of conducting proper interventions to address domestic violence to improve the quality of life in women.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study of the association between anxiety and temporomandibular disorder in Australian chiropractic students

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-117
Author(s):  
Jean Theroux ◽  
Norman Stomski ◽  
Vicki Cope ◽  
Sheila Mortimer-Jones ◽  
Laura Maurice
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorder ◽  
General Linear Model ◽  
General Linear ◽  
Function Impairment ◽  
Chiropractic Students

Objective: This study examined the association between anxiety and temporomandibular disorder (TMD) in Australian chiropractic students, particularly its effect on quality of life. Methods: Chiropractic students (n = 185) completed online surveys, including the Oral Health Impact Profile for TMDs (OHIP-TMD) and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) questionnaire. The OHIP-TMD psychometric properties were assessed using principal component analysis. Linear regression models were used to examine demographic predictors for anxiety and TMD. A general linear model assessed the association between anxiety and the psychosocial and function scales identified through analysis of the OHIP-TMD questionnaire. Results: The mean value for the OHIP-TMD and PROMIS was 1.3 (SD = 0.7) and 9.5 (SD = 4.1), respectively. Women reported significantly lower quality of life (QoL) related to TMD symptoms (p = 0.006) and that QoL related to TMD symptoms increased significantly as students progressed through the course (p = .025). Lower levels of anxiety were significantly associated with male gender (p = .000), employment (p = .008), higher program levels (p = .003), and having children (p = .005). General linear model analysis revealed that increased anxiety was significantly associated with higher levels of oral physical function impairment (p = .003) and elevated psychosocial distress (p = .0001). Conclusion: Anxiety was significantly associated with psychosocial distress and oral physical function impairment in university chiropractic students. In addition to impacting on oral health-related QoL, anxiety also affects students' engagement with learning and academic performance. It would therefore be beneficial to implement strategies that mitigate students' anxiety levels.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Levels of Physical Activity in the Quality of Life of Elderly Patients With Hypertension

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Leônidas Oliveira Neto ◽  
Vagner Deuel de Oliveira Tavares ◽  
Ângelo Augusto Paula do Nascimento ◽  
Kenio Costa Lima
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Mental Status ◽  
General Linear Model ◽  
General Linear

BACKGROUND: Changes in lifestyle are essential to promote the control of hypertension and quality of life in older adults. Objective: To verify the influence of the level of physical activity (LPA) on quality of life in hypertensive older adults. METHOD: The sample included a total of 291 hypertensive older adults, 102 men and 189 women, with a mean age of 69.7 &plusmn; 7.7 and 69.2 &plusmn; 7.2 respectively. The General Linear Model was applied to measure the interactions (LPA and sex) between active and inactive groups. RESULTS: There was a difference between active men and active women with inactive older adults of both sexes for mental status (p&lt;.0001), as well as a difference between active men and active women with inactive older adults of both sexes for somatic manifestations (p&lt;.0001). No differences were observed between active men and active women for any other variables. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that a higher level of physical activity can lead to a better quality of life.

scholarly journals Quality of Life, Social Support, Acceptance of Illness, and Self-Efficacy among Pregnant Women with Hyperglycemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (20) ◽  
pp. 3941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwanowicz-Palus ◽  
Zarajczyk ◽  
Pięta ◽  
Bień
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Health Organization Quality ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Acceptance Of Illness

Carbohydrate metabolism disorders resulting in hyperglycemia are among the most common metabolic complications of pregnancy. According to 2017 data from the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), 16.2% of pregnancies are complicated with hyperglycemia, of which gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) accounts for 86.4% of cases. Carbohydrate metabolism disorders developing during pregnancy require the patient to change her lifestyle or, in some cases, to undergo pharmaceutical treatment, which may affect various aspects of the patient’s life, including her perceived quality of life (QoL). The purpose of the present study was to evaluate levels of QoL, social support, acceptance of illness, and self-efficacy among pregnant patients with hyperglycemia. The study was performed between July 2016 and September 2017 in a group of hyperglycemic pregnant women. The following instruments were used: the World Health Organization Quality of Life—BREF (WHOQOL-BREF), the Berlin Social Support Scales (BSSS), the Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS), the Generalized Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) and a standardized interview questionnaire. Participants rated their overall QoL (3.64 points) higher than their overall perceived health (3.43). In terms of social support, the highest scores were obtained in terms of actually received support (3.53) and perceived available instrumental support (3.52), while the lowest in terms of support seeking (2.99) and the need for support (2.95). The mean acceptance of illness score among the hyperglycemic pregnant women that were studied was 31.37, and the mean generalized self-efficacy score was 31.58. Participants’ reported QoL in the various WHOQOL-BREF domains was associated with specific social support scales, acceptance of illness, and generalized self-efficacy.

scholarly journals The Effect of Solution-Focused Counseling on Violence Rate and Quality of Life of Pregnant Women at Risk of Domestic Violence: A randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepideh Din Mohammadi ◽  
Mohsen Dadashi ◽  
Elahe Ahmadnia ◽  
leila Janani ◽  
Roghieh Kharaghani
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Solution Focused

Abstract Background: Domestic violence is considered as one of the most common social problems, which can affect the quality of life of women. The problem of preventing and controlling this problem, especially during pregnancy, is one of the basic challenges of health systems. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of counseling based on conflict solution on the rate of violence and quality of life of pregnant women at risk of domestic violence. Methods: This study was a randomized controlled trial on 90 pregnant women, who were selected from maternity wards in health center number three in Zanjan city. Women who had inclusion criteria based on the domestic violence conflict tactics scale (CTS-2) selected with convenience sampling and randomly divided into two groups of intervention (45 people) and control (45 people) with a blocked randomization method. The intervention group received six counseling sessions with a solution-focused approach and the control group received no intervention. Study tool included demographic and reproductive questionnaires CTS- 2 and short form health survey (SF-36); which completed at baseline and six weeks follow-up in both groups. The results were analyzed by nonparametric ANCOVA using SPSS and R soft wares.Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference in the physical violence (P=0.001), psychological violence (P=0.001), and sexual violence (P=0.001) in the intervention group compared to the control group at six weeks follow- up. There were significant improvements in negotiation scores in the intervention group (P˂0.001). Moreover, there were significant differences in the quality of life scores (P=0.001), vitality (p=0.003), psychological health (p=0.004), bodily pain (p=0.014), physical functioning (p=0.023), and social functioning (p=0.019) between the two groups at the follow- up period.Conclusion: According to the result, individual counseling based on a solution-based approach reduces the amount of domestic violence and increases the quality of life of pregnant women at risk of violence.Trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT2017040628352N4. Date of registration: August 20th 2017.

scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health and Quality of Life among Local Residents in Liaoning Province, China: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingfei Zhang ◽  
Zheng Feei Ma
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Liaoning Province ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Our study aimed to investigate the immediate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and quality of life among local Chinese residents aged ≥18 years in Liaoning Province, mainland China. An online survey was distributed through a social media platform between January and February 2020. Participants completed a modified validated questionnaire that assessed the Impact of Event Scale (IES), indicators of negative mental health impacts, social and family support, and mental health-related lifestyle changes. A total of 263 participants (106 males and 157 females) completed the study. The mean age of the participants was 37.7 ± 14.0 years, and 74.9% had a high level of education. The mean IES score in the participants was 13.6 ± 7.7, reflecting a mild stressful impact. Only 7.6% of participants had an IES score ≥26. The majority of participants (53.3%) did not feel helpless due to the pandemic. On the other hand, 52.1% of participants felt horrified and apprehensive due to the pandemic. Additionally, the majority of participants (57.8–77.9%) received increased support from friends and family members, increased shared feeling and caring with family members and others. In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with mild stressful impact in our sample, even though the COVID-19 pandemic is still ongoing. These findings would need to be verified in larger population studies.

The Quality of Life in Mothers of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Comparative Study in Tehran, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-137
Author(s):  
Mohammad Vafaee-Shahi ◽  
Mehrnoosh Purfallah ◽  
Elham Shirazi ◽  
Samileh Noorbakhsh
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Adhd Children ◽  
The Mean

Background & Aim: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common mental health disorder among young children that affects the mothers’ lifestyles The aim of the present study was to consider the quality of life in Iranian mothers with ADHD children. Objective: In this comparative study, we compared the quality of life between mothers of ADHD children and mothers of normal children. Methods: In this descriptive study (2018-2019), a total of 75 mothers with ADHD children and 75 mothers with normal children, who were referred to referral educational hospital (Rasoul Hospital; Tehran, Iran) were evaluated. ADHD criteria were assessed by means of the SNAP-IV questionnaire, while the quality of life was evaluated by the SF-36 questionnaire. All data were analyzed by SPSS software. The environmental, mental, social physical, health and quality of life were compared between 2 groups. Results: The economic situation of mothers with normal children was average (73.3%) to good (16%), while in mothers with ADHD children the economic situation was average (45.3%) to poor (37.3%). Mothers’ employment in normal children group was 41.3%, but it was 14.6% in mothers with ADHD children. A significant difference was reported between two groups in the mean of environmental health score (p <0.05), social relationships (p <0.05), mental health (p <0.05), physical health (p <0.01) and quality of life (p <0.01). The mean score of environmental health, social relationships, mental health, physical health and quality of life in ADHD mothers was significantly lower than mothers with normal children. Conclusion: The difficulties in the management of ADHD children negatively affect the quality of mothers’ lifestyles. Therefore, preventive, educational and therapeutic interventions are recommended to improve the mental health and the quality of life of mothers.

THU0613-HPR ADAPTATION AND VALIDATION OF THE MINI OSTEOARTHRITIS KNEE AND HIP QUALITY OF LIFE (MINI-OAKHQOL) QUESTIONNAIRE IN TURKISH POPULATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 548.1-548
Author(s):  
M. T. Duruöz ◽  
S. Acer Kasman ◽  
H. H. Gezer
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Hip Osteoarthritis ◽  
Physical Activities ◽  
Health Profile ◽  
Turkish Version ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
The Mean

Background:The 20-item Mini-OAKHQOL was derived from the 40-item OAKHQOL questionnaire which was developed to assess the quality of life in subjects with osteoarthritis of the lower limbs. It has 5 subscales containing physical activities, mental health, pain, social support, social functioning; and two independent items addressing sex life and professional life (1). The Mini-OAKHQOL’s good psychometric properties have recently been shown and validation studies have been done in several populations (1,2).Objectives:We aimed to investigate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Mini-OAKHQOL in patients with knee and hip osteoarthritis.Methods:Patients diagnosed with knee or hip osteoarthritis clinically and radiologically were included in the study. Demographic data were noted. The French version of Mini-OAKHQOL was used for translation and adaptation. Translation-back translation methodology was applied and cross-cultural adaptation of the Mini-OAKHQOL into Turkish was done. Face and content validities were evaluated by cognitive information interviews with patients and expert committee. Internal consistency of the scale was made with Cronbach alpha coefficient. Convergent validity was evaluated by the correlations of Mini-OAKHQOL with Nothingam Health Profile (NHP), subscales of Short form 36 (SF-36), and VAS of the quality of life. The relations of the Mini-OAKHQOL with age, BMI, disease duration, VAS of the pain, WOMAC, and Lequesne Index were assessed for divergent validity. P <0.05 was considered significant.Results:Seventy-three patients (63 female, 10 male) with the mean age of 57.22 (SD: 9.91) years were recruited. The main site of the symptomatic lower limb osteoarthritis was knee in 44, hip in 25, and both in 4 patients. The mean BMI was 31.69 (SD: 11.06) and the median disease duration was 36 months (IQR: 12–72). Turkish version of Mini- OAKHQOL had a good face and content validity. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of the subscales for internal consistency were 0.927, 0.841, 0.867, 0.771, and 0.677. Physical activities, mental health, pain dimensions of Mini-OAKHQOL had moderate to high correlations with Nottingham Health Profile and the physical functioning, physical role limitations, energy/fatigue, social functioning, pain, and general health subscales of SF-36 (rho between 0.484-0.748). The social function subscale of Mini-OAKHQOL had mild significant correlations with emotional well-being (rho: 0.239) and general health (rho: 0.315) subscales of SF36. The subscales of Mini-OAKHQOL had no correlation with disease duration, BMI, and age; and had generally moderate correlations with VAS-pain, Lequesne Index, and the WOMAC subscales. These data show good convergent and divergent validities of Mini-OAKHQOL.Conclusion:The Turkish version of the Mini-OAKHQOL is a valid and reliable instrument to assess the quality of life in patients with knee/hip osteoarthritis. In addition, it is a simple, accurate, disease-specific, and not time-consuming self-report instrument.References:[1]Guillemin F, Rat AC, Goetz C, Spitz E, Pouchot J, Coste J. The Mini-OAKHQOL for knee and hip osteoarthritis quality of life was obtained following recent shortening guidelines. J Clin Epidemiol. 2016;[2]Gonzalez Sáenz de Tejada M, Bilbao A, Herrera C, García L, Sarasqueta C, Escobar A. Validation of the Mini-OAKHQOL for use in patients with osteoarthritis in Spain. Clin Rheumatol. 2017;Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Relation between quality of life and mental health in pregnant women with prior pregnancy loss

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 1290-1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Abbaspoor ◽  
Parvanah Sarparast Razmju ◽  
Kadijah Hekmat
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Loss

scholarly journals Depression, stress, anxiety and their predictors in Iranian pregnant women during the outbreak of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Effati-Daryani ◽  
Somayeh Zarei ◽  
Azam Mohammadi ◽  
Elnaz Hemmati ◽  
Sakineh Ghasemi Yngyknd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
General Linear Model ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
General Linear ◽  
Sensitive Period ◽  
Limited Information

Abstract Background Pregnancy as a sensitive period of a woman’s life can be affected by various psychological factors that can have adverse effects on the woman, her fetus and future baby. Since COVID-19 is a new phenomenon with limited information available, it may have adverse psychological effects on pregnant women. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the status of depression, stress, anxiety and their predictors in Iranian pregnant women during the outbreak of COVID-19. Methods This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 205 pregnant women covered by Tabriz health centers in Iran. The sampling method used was cluster sampling. The data collection tool was the socio-demographic characteristics questionnaire and the DASS-21 (Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21), which were completed online by pregnant women. The general linear model was used to determine the predictive factors of depression, anxiety and stress. Results The mean (SD) score of depression, stress, and anxiety were 3.91 (3.9), 6.22 (4.25), and 3.79 (3.39), respectively; the score range of 0 to 21. Depression, stress, and anxiety symptoms were observed in 32.7, 32.7, and 43.9% of the participants, respectively, with varying degrees from mild to very severe. Based on the adjusted general linear model, variables of education level, spouse’s job and marital life satisfaction were the predictors of depressive symptoms. Variables of spouse’s education level, spouse’s support, marital life satisfaction and the number of pregnancies were the predictive factors of anxiety symptoms and the variables of spouse’s education level, household income sufficiency, spouse’s support and marital life satisfaction were predictors of stress symptoms. Conclusions Considering the role of marital life satisfaction, high level of spouse’s education and income in reducing symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression in pregnant women in critical situations such as the prevalence of COVID-19, it seems that using strategies to promote marital life satisfaction and socio-economic status can play an effective role in controlling anxiety and reducing stress and depression in pregnant women.

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