REVIEW OF UNITED KINGDOM CONTINGENCY PLANNING AND RESOURCE CAPABILITY

1983 ◽  
Vol 1983 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-197
Author(s):  
R. Adm. Michael L. Stacey
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Royal Commission ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Commission Report ◽  
Complementary Nature ◽  
Mechanical Recovery

ABSTRACT This paper reviews United Kingdom counter-pollution thinking over the past two years and with reference to the recently published Royal Commission Report on Environmental Pollution in respect of long and short-term environmental effects of oil pollution. It includes an update on present national plans, as well as the recent enhancement of the United Kingdom Marine Pollution Control Unit, and balance of resources between the use of dispersants and mechanical recovery. It assesses the complementary nature of tugboats and aircraft dispersant sprayers in the U.K. mix of government-maintained resources and describes the deployment of mechanical recovery devices. U. K. air spraying capabilities include a number of different types of aircraft, considerations of their alert availability and choices of main and secondary airfields, the provision of dispersants and logistic backup organisations, and maintenance programs for the aircraft and flying fitness assurance programs for pilots. Possible future developments, including airborne remote sensing, also are described.

MARINE POLLUTION CONTINGENCY PLANNING—RECENT CHANGES IN UNITED KINGDOM ORGANIZATION

1985 ◽  
Vol 1985 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-91
Author(s):  
Michael L. Stacey
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Contingency Planning ◽  
Royal Commission ◽  
Related Response ◽  
The Uk

ABSTRACT The UK has recently carried out a major review of the oil pollution problem (Royal Commission Report No. 8) which has resulted in an authoritative assessment of the environmental impact of oil spills, a series of recommendations covering a wide variety of aspects of prevention and response, and government acceptance and the subsequent implementation of a number of these recommendations. This paper summarizes the essential elements of the new environmental assessment, discusses the pros and cons of the recommendations, and describes those which government has accepted. It then goes on to deal in detail with the implications of the government's acceptance of the various recommendations and records progress in their implementation. The areas it covers in detail include: A new national organization for the central integration of sea and shore response in a single unit: the Marine Pollution Control Unit (MPCU), responsible within central government to the Department of Transport New structures and procedures to facilitate interaction between central and local government Redirection of emphasis in the R&D field, in the provision of sea and shore related response equipment, and in contingency planning in order to redress imbalances formerly existing between sea and shore related response Further development of the safe havens policy to facilitate salvage and cargo transfer operations Greater emphasis within the MPCU on the detection of violations of discharge regulations and the collection of evidence Arrangements for closer association between government and the oil industry in relation to provision of response equipment, the development of mutually supportive contingency planning, and response arrangements

Protection of Sensitive Coastal Areas in the United Kingdom: From Torrey Canyon to the New Millenium1

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-163
Author(s):  
Robin Perry
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Oil Storage ◽  
Environment Agency ◽  
Future Plans

ABSTRACT The tanker Torrey Canyon grounded in 1967 beginning the era of the major oil spill. The United Kingdom was unprepared for this event. Nevertheless, following the spill, much research was carried out, including methods for the protection of environmental and socio-economic sensitive areas. However, little was done to produce detailed protection plans for such sites. These can save hours of response time, as boom locations, priorities, layouts, deployment methods, equipment requirements, access and temporary oil storage arrangements will be specified. Yet in the United Kingdom, the Shoreline Response Centre (Command Centre) continued to decide these things after the spill had occurred, which was often too late. In 1990, a spill from the tanker Rosebay occurred in the English Channel, off the sensitive South Devon coast. Protection plans were non-existent. This gave an impetus to develop coastal protection planning, which the SW Region of the National Rivers Authority (NRA) commenced. In 1995, it was recommended that this should be extended throughout the United Kingdom to a common standard. Unfortunately, various factors delayed commencement of this work, which was jointly carried out in 1998 by the Environment Agency (EA), the successor to the NRA, the Maritime and Coastguard Agency, Marine Pollution Control Unit and the Northern Ireland Environment and Heritage Service. In the meantime, many unsatisfactory plans were produced for the upstream oil industry. The paper reviews this background and describes the new national coastal protection planning guidelines. It also includes completed examples, describes the testing and validation process and describes future plans.

UNITED KINGDOM—A REVIEW OF THE NEED TO MINIMISE OIL SPILLAGE IN MARINE CASUALTY SITUATIONS

1981 ◽  
Vol 1981 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-214
Author(s):  
Michael L. Stacey
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Port Authorities ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Oil Spillage ◽  
Safe Working

ABSTRACT This paper briefly describes the recently formed Marine Pollution Control Unit for dealing with marine pollution around the United Kingdom and considers the need to minimise oil spillage in marine casualty situations by emergency lightening, and the need for safe working conditions provided by coastal havens and ports of refuge. Concern is expressed at the reluctance of coastal and port authorities to offer assistance to damaged ships.

The interface of health support workers with the allied health professions

2020 ◽  
pp. 101-124
Author(s):  
Susan Nancarrow
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Health Workforce ◽  
Allied Health ◽  
Health Professions ◽  
Allied Health Professions ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Health Support ◽  
Professional Project

The chapter begins by describing the allied health workforce, before exploring from a neo-Weberian perspective the development of the support workforce associated with the allied health professions with a focus on the United Kingdom and Australia – not least by considering the reasons for introducing a support workforce, the contexts in which it is used, the negotiation of its boundaries, and the challenges and opportunities for allied health professions and its support workforce. In particular, this chapter claims that the heterogeneous allied health support workforce has evolved through two models, with different types of workers. The first is the profession-led model, which supports the neo-Weberian idea of the professional project, in which allied health professions developed support roles to expand and maintain their market monopoly and autonomy in niche areas. The second is the managerial model, which instead privileges the ‘patient-centred’ goals of increasing role flexibility by recognising and rewarding individuals’ skills and competencies and working across traditional professional and organisational boundaries. The chapter finally outlines some of the key challenges to allied health support workforce going forward.

Unitised with Profits – Gamaliel's Advice

1992 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 243-294
Author(s):  
J. E. O'Neill ◽  
H. W. Froggatt
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Product Development ◽  
Recent History ◽  
Valuation Methods ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Different Types ◽  
History Of

AbstractThe paper deals with the development of unitised with-profits business in the United Kingdom. The authors trace the recent history of these products and comment on the main reasons for their development. They also deal with corporate issues, including implications for policyholders and shareholders of different fund structures and different types of life office. Pricing and product development issues are also covered. Reserving issues including the range of valuation methods, statutory requirements and policyholders' reasonable expectations are explored. Finally the paper considers the actuary's contribution to the management of unitised with-profits policyholders' expectations.

Currency Crises in the United Kingdom and Hong Kong

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Francis E. Warnock
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Currency Crises ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Different Types

This case reviews different varieties of currency crises and two in particular: United Kingdom in 1992 and Hong Kong in 1998. These were two very different types of crises, and understanding them could serve the protagonist well when future crises occurred.

REVIEW OF UNITED KINGDOM OIL SPILL RESPONSE TECHNIQUES AND EQUIPMENT

1983 ◽  
Vol 1983 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Douglas Cormack
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Problem Definition ◽  
General Nature ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Status ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Operational Aspects

ABSTRACT As a result of recent studies in the United Kingdom and elsewhere on the factors affecting oil spilled at sea, it has been possible to redefine the problems presented for oil spill response given the general nature of response techniques and their likely future development. This topic has benefited in the past two years from discussions in the Bonn Agreement Working Group on Technical Scientific and Operational Aspects of Oil Pollution. The influence of this problem definition on the choice of response equipment in the United Kingdom is discussed. The chosen equipment is described in relation to success in meeting identified requirements and likelihood of success in real operations. The status of the various approaches exemplified by individual equipment choices is presented and future developments anticipated.

UNITED KINGDOM MARINE POLLUTION CONTINGENCY PLANNING—A REVIEW OF THE LAST TWO YEARS

1987 ◽  
Vol 1987 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-169
Author(s):  
Michael L. Stacey
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Contingency Planning ◽  
Emergency Operations ◽  
Chemical Spills ◽  
Bulk Chemical ◽  
Made In

ABSTRACT A report presented two years ago at this Conference described United Kingdom marine pollution contingency planning and a number of changes that had been identified. Progress has been made in these areas and further areas for change have been identified. Responsibility for dealing with marine pollution has been centralized in a Marine Pollution Control Unit, and to this has now been added responsibility for Her Majesty's Coastguard as well as for marine casualties around the U.K., with authority vested in one post—Director, Marine Emergency Operations. Work on developing contingency plans for bulk chemical spills also has begun and some research effort has been redirected from oil spill problems to this area.

THE BRAER: LEGAL ASPECTS OF A MAJOR OIL SPILL

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 (1) ◽  
pp. 721-728
Author(s):  
Måns Jacobsson
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Intergovernmental Organization ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Legal Problems

ABSTRACT The International Oil Pollution Compensation Fund (IOPC Fund), an intergovernmental organization with 58 member states, has recently been involved in a major oil spill of great interest both legally and technically, namely, the Braer incident, which occurred in January 1993 in the United Kingdom. The Braer was laden with approximately 84,000 metric tons (t) of crude oil when it grounded off the Shetland Islands. The ship broke up and the entire cargo escaped into the sea. The United Kingdom Government and Shetland Islands Council incurred expenses for cleanup operations, but these costs were fairly limited, estimated at not greater than US$6 million. The incident resulted in a very large number of claims from small businesses and individuals who suffered economic losses. A local claims office was set up on Shetland to handle these claims. So far, over 1,000 claims have been settled and paid for, representing a total of almost US$45 million. These claims cover losses suffered by fishermen, salmon farmers, crofters, and owners of houses that became polluted by wind-blown oil spray. Many of these claims have given rise to difficult legal problems regarding the admissibility of claims for compensation, in particular those concerning so-called pure economic losses. This paper addresses the practical problems that have arisen in handling the claims and analyzes some of the legal problems encountered.

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