Preliminary Evaluation of Maize (Zea mays L.) Hybrids for Grain Yield under Temperate Conditions

Maize (Zea mays L.) is the third most important cereal crop after wheat and rice. Improving maize production is considered to be one of the most important strategies for food security in the developing countries. The farmers in Kandi areas usually grow their own saved seed which comprises of composites and landraces due to which maize production in the area suffers due to low productivity. Considering this scenario, a number of hybrids were developed in order to improve yield and productivity in order to enhance their income. Hence evaluating the performance of hybrid maize genotypes in terms of yield in specific agro ecology is very crucial for horizontal expansion. The study was aimed to conduct the preliminary evaluation of 12 maize hybrids to determine their grain yields. The hybrids were ranked according to their superiority in yield over check.

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New results in the hybrid-specific weed control of maize (Zea mays L.)

Acta Agronomica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/aagr.53.2005.1.3 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 53 (1) ◽

pp. 17-29

Author(s):

P. Pepó

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Active Agent ◽

Chernozem Soil ◽

Maize Hybrids ◽

Maize Genotypes ◽

Herbicide Treatments ◽

Weed Cover ◽

Weed Infestation ◽

Hybrid Maize

The effects of herbicides containing different active agents and applied at different times (early, normal and late post-emergence) were studied on a chernozem soil in the Hajdúság region of E. Hungary in stands of different hybrid maize genotypes. The results proved that the extent of weed cover was equally influenced by the forecrop and the year. In a drier year with wheat as the forecrop, moderate weed infestation was recorded, while with maize as the forecrop and more favourable water supplies, infestation was more severe. The hybrid did not have a significant effect on the extent of weed cover. Little (2-6%) or no visible phytotoxicity was observed in the maize hybrids as a consequence of post-emergence herbicide treatments. The yield-enhancing effects of the various herbicides changed in proportion to the weed cover (in comparison to the untreated weedy control). In the case of low weed cover (in 2002 the weedy control was 7.6-8.4%) there were yield increases of 0-500 kg ha-1, which increased to 700-2700 kg ha-1 in the case of moderate weed cover (in 2003 the weedy control was 27.4-35.1%) and to 3200-4200 kg ha-1 when weed infestation was severe (in 2004 the weedy control was 52.3-57.4%). The study proved that maize hybrids with different genotypes demonstrated general and specific types of herbicide sensitivity (active agent, timing of application).

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Genetic Variability of Maize (Zea mays L.) Genotypes on Some Yield and Yield Components at Haramaya, Eastern Ethiopia

Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology ◽

10.24925/turjaf.v8i9.1840-1845.3423 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 1840-1845

Author(s):

Mekuannet Belay Kebede ◽

Degefa Gebissa

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Genotype 1 ◽

Eastern Ethiopia ◽

Maize Production ◽

Maize Genotypes ◽

Coefficients Of Variation ◽

Study Results ◽

Almost All

Genetic improvement in components of economic importance along with maintaining a sufficient amount of variability is always the desired objective in the any maize (Zea mays L.) breeding program which will be handled under the conditions of Haramaya, Eastern Ethiopia. Therefore, an experiment was conducted using (27) and (3) check/control varieties to determine the genetic variability of maize genotypes at Haramaya, eastern Ethiopia. The study results revealed that significantly the tallest plant heights for (PH) were recorded from (3) (170 cm) and (18) (167.5 cm) genotypes whereas the shortest PH were recorded from (13) (117.5 cm) and (23) genotypes (120 cm). Good plant aspects (PA) were obtained from genotype 12, 22 and 26 (PA-1.5) and poor PA were attained from genotype 1 (PA-2.5). Besides, genetic and phenotypic variances were estimated for seven components. The highest genotypic coefficients variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficients of variation (PCV) were calculated from grain yield (GY – 23.39%). Comparatively the higher GY were attained from the genotypes of 3, 9 and 12. It can be concluded that almost all components of the PCV are greater than the GCV. Superior selected genotypes are recommended to the researchers /breeders to develop disease resistant and high yielder varieties to increase maize production by farmers under Haramaya and other similar agroecologies.

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THE AGRONOMIC CHARACTER AND POTENTIAL YIELD OF 17’S GENOTYPE OF MAIZE

Agrivet ◽

10.31315/agrivet.v24i2.4706 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Shafri Yuranto ◽

Basuki Basuki ◽

Lagiman Lagiman

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays L ◽

Block Design ◽

Potential Yield ◽

Maize Production ◽

Agronomic Character ◽

Traditional Variety ◽

Maize Genotypes ◽

Maize Genotype ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Hybrid Maize

Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of crops that source of carbohydrate than rice. The maize production needs to production goal. The problems is traditional variety haved low yield. This study aims to determine the agronomic character and potential yield of several hybrids maize.. The research method used was randomized completely block design was repeated 3 times. The treatment factor namely hybrid maize genotype. The data obtained were analyzed in theirs diversities by using variace at 5 % level, if there were significant difference, continued by using the least significant increase at 5% level to compared of variety tester. The results shows that hybrid maize genotypes, G2KPW-43, G2KPW-45, and G2KPW-48 haved superiorities in agronomic character and higher potential yield.Key words: genotypes, potential yield, maize

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The performance of new early maturing pro-vitamin A maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids in the derived savanna agro-ecology of Nigeria

Journal of Agricultural Sciences Belgrade ◽

10.2298/jas2103231k ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 66 (3) ◽

pp. 231-245

Author(s):

Adesike Kolawole ◽

Ibrahim Raji ◽

Solomon Oyekale

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Block Design ◽

Maize Production ◽

Maize Hybrids ◽

Derived Savanna ◽

Ear Height ◽

Consistent Performance

Maize (Zea mays L.) is a staple food for millions of people across the globe, and it supplies more than 30% of total dietary calories. However, the normal endosperm lacks a sufficient quantity of the nutritive precursor of vitamin A. To achieve food security and avert malnutrition, there is a need to adopt the cultivation of the early multiple stress-tolerant pro-vitamin A maize hybrid. The objective of this study was to assess the agronomic performance and yield of the newly developed maize hybrids. Fifteen improved maize hybrids and one commercial hybrid used as a local check were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with two replications for two years at the Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching and Research farm in Ogbomoso, Nigeria. Hybrids exhibited significant variation (P < 0.01) for grain yield, number of days to anthesis and silking, ear height and husk cover. Across the years, the grain yield of hybrids ranged between 4,780.8 kg ha?1 (PVAEH-19) and 7,886.9 kg ha?1 (PVAQEH-1), with a mean of 6,354.2 kg ha?1. PVAEH-15 ranks the best on the basis of superiority in grain yield, early flowering and tight husk cover. Fourteen hybrids out-yielded the local check (4,947.2 kg ha-1), and five hybrids had a significant (P < 0.05) yield advantage of > 26% over the local check. The consistent performance of PVAEH-15 and PVAEH-16 in the two years of evaluation indicates potential for the adaptability of the hybrids to the agro-ecology. Farmers? adoption of these maize hybrids will boost maize production and prevent malnutrition in the derived savanna agro-ecology of Nigeria.

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Selection approaches to the variation of responses to soil compaction stress among maize hybrids ( Zea mays L.)

Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science ◽

10.1111/jac.12491 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Maciej T. Grzesiak ◽

Anna Maksymowicz ◽

Barbara Jurczyk ◽

Tomasz Hura ◽

Grzegorz Rut ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Soil Compaction ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Maize Hybrids ◽

Compaction Stress

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Identification of Associations between SSR Markers and Quantitative Traits of Maize (Zea mays L.)

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11010182 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 182

Author(s):

Jan Bocianowski ◽

Kamila Nowosad ◽

Barbara Wróbel ◽

Piotr Szulc

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

Ssr Markers ◽

Marker Assisted Selection ◽

Quantitative Traits ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Multiple Traits ◽

Good Tool ◽

Maize Varieties ◽

Hybrid Maize

Microsatellite or simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers have wide applicability for genetic analysis in crop plant improvement strategies. Marker-assisted selection is an important tool for plant breeders to increase the efficiency of a breeding process, especially for multigenic traits, highly influenced by the environment. In this paper, the relationships between SSR markers and 26 quantitative traits of hybrid maize varieties (Zea mays L.) were analyzed. Association analyses were performed based on 30 SSR primers in a set of thirteen hybrid maize varieties. A total of 112 SSR markers were detected in these genotypes. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 1 to 17, with the average number of alleles per locus equal to 3.7. The number of molecular markers associated with observed traits ranged from 1 (for the number of kernels in row, ears weight and fresh weight of one plant) to 14 (for damage of maize caused by P. nubilalis) in 2016 as well as from 1 (for soil plant analysis development—SPAD, the number of grains in ear and fresh weight of one plant) to 12 (for carotenoids content) in 2017. The sum of statistically significant associations between SSR markers and at least one trait was equal to one hundred sixty in 2016 as well as one hundred twenty-five in 2017. Marker trait associations (MTAs) were found on the basis of regression analysis. The proportion of the total phenotypic variances of individual traits explained by the marker ranged from 24.4% to 77.7% in the first year of study and from 24.3% to 77.9% in 2017. Twenty-two SSR markers performed a significant effect on at least one tested trait in both years of experiment. The three markers (phi021/4, phi036/3, and phi061/2) can be a good tool in marker-assisted selection because they allow simultaneous selection for multiple traits in both years of study, such as the number of kernels in row and the number of grains in ear (phi021/4), the number of plant after germination, the number of plants before harvest, and the number of ears (phi036/3), as well as moisture of grain and length of ears (phi061/2).

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