THE ADDITION OF COCONUT WATER AND THIAMINE TOWARDS CHRYSSANTHENUM MICRO CUTTINGS (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev) IN VITRO

Chryssanthenum is ornamental plant with variety of shape and color which are unique and appealing. So that, it is in great demand in the community. The production of Chrissanthenum conventionally hampered by availability and quality of seeds. Thus, it needs research through tissue culture. The aim of this research is to know interaction between coconut water and thiamine and to determine the best coconut water and thiamine concentration toward Chryssanthenum micro cuttings. This research used laboratory experimental method by using completely randomized design with two factor. The 1st factor was coconut water concentration consisted of three level which were 5%, 10% and 15%. The 2nd factor was thiamine concentration consisted of three level which were 1mg/L, 2 mg/L and 3 mg/L. From the two factors, those were found that, there were nine combination of treatments and repeated 3 times. The variety of data was analyzed by using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with level of α=5%, and continued by examining Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) with level of α=5%. The result indicated that the interaction of coconut water concentration was 5% and thiamine was 1 mg/L on the parameters when growing shoot. There was also interaction on coconut water concentration which was 10 % and thiamine was 1 mg/L on the parameters in the number of shoots. interaction of coconut water combination was 15% and thiamine was 2 mg/L on fresh weight. The addition of 10% coconut water and 1 mg/L thiamine showed the best result on shoot length.

THE EFFECT OF HEIGHT OF TAPPING COVER AND SEED DRYING THICKNESS ON SIPERKASA FLOOR INNOVATION ON SEED QUALITY AND GROWTH OF RICE SEEDS (Oryza sativa L.)

Drying rice grain is one of the problems faced during the rainy season. This study aims to obtain information about the height of the tent, the thickness of the appropriate seed layer, and the interaction between the height of the tent and the thickness of the seed layer on the quality of rice seeds. The research method used is a field experiment prepared with a completely randomized block design using a split-plot design. As the main plot is the treatment of the height of the tarpaulin cover are 50, 80, and 110 cm. As a subplot is a thick layer treatment is 5, 7, 9, and 11 cm. Each treatment combination was repeated three times. The results showed that tarpaulin height has a significant effect on the parameters of the maximum growth potency and plant height at week 4. A tent height of 50 cm had the highest maximum growth potential. Layer thickness gave a significant effect on the parameters of the number of tillers at week 4 and plant height at week 4. The number of tillers in the fourth week of treatment with a layer thickness of 7, 9, and 11 cm was not significantly different but was significantly better than the layer thickness of 5 cm. The highest parameter of plant height at week 4 was 7 cm thick. There was an interaction between tarpaulin height and layer thickness on the parameters of the number of tillers at week 6, plant height at week 2 and 6.

THE AGRONOMIC CHARACTER AND POTENTIAL YIELD OF 17’S GENOTYPE OF MAIZE

Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of crops that source of carbohydrate than rice. The maize production needs to production goal. The problems is traditional variety haved low yield. This study aims to determine the agronomic character and potential yield of several hybrids maize.. The research method used was randomized completely block design was repeated 3 times. The treatment factor namely hybrid maize genotype. The data obtained were analyzed in theirs diversities by using variace at 5 % level, if there were significant difference, continued by using the least significant increase at 5% level to compared of variety tester. The results shows that hybrid maize genotypes, G2KPW-43, G2KPW-45, and G2KPW-48 haved superiorities in agronomic character and higher potential yield.Key words: genotypes, potential yield, maize

THE EFFECTIVE VOLUME OF WATER IN SEVERAL TYPES OF SOIL FOR THE GROWTH OF Mucuna bracteata

The aim of this research was to determine the effective volume of water in several types of soil for the growth of Mucuna bracteata. This research was conducted at the Education and Research Garden (KP-2) of the Stiper Agricultural Institute located in Maguwoharjo, Sleman, DIY. This study uses factorial experiments arranged in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of two factors and five replications. The first factor was the volume of water spray/day/plant consisting of four volume levels, namely: 50 ml, 100 ml, 150 ml and 200 ml. The second factor was the type of soil consisting of three types of soil, namely : regosol, latosol and grumusol. The results of the research data were analyzed using variance (Analysis of variance) at a real level of 5%. Data that is significantly different is continued with Duncan's multiple distance test or DMRT (Duncan multiple range test) at a real level of 5%. The results showed that there was no good combination of the volume of water and soil type on the growth of Mucuna bracteata. The volume of 50 ml / plant water was sufficient to produce good Mucuna bracteata plant growth. Mucuna bracteata plants can grow in regosol, latosol, and grumusol soil types.Keywords: volume, water, soil type, Mucuna bracteata

RESPONSE OF THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF CIHERANG RICE (Oryza sativa L.) AND WEEDS ON THE DIFFERENT PLANTING METHODS AND WEEDING FREQUENCIES

This study aimed to observe the growth and yield of Chiherang rice (Oryza sativa L) and weeds in response of different planting methods and weeding frequencies. We conducted the study in Semampir, Argorejo, Sedayu Sub-district, Bantul District on April until August, 2018. We arranged field study using randomized complete block design in 3x2 factorials with 3 times repetition. First factor was Jajar legowo (J) stratified as 3 levels; 2:1 (J1), 4:1 (J2), dan 6:1 (J3). Second factor was weeding frequency in 2 levels which were 2 times in 14 and 70 hst (P1) and 3 times in 14, 49 and 70 hst (P2). Observed variables include Ciherang rice growth (plant height, total tillers, percentage of productive tillers, fresh and dried weight of each plant), components of rice yield (grain dry weight of each harvest, percentage of filled grains, yield of each hectares), and weeds (type of weeds, fresh and dry weight of weeds). We analyzed results using variance analysis with significant level of 5%, followed with 5% DMRT test. We found that application of jajar legowo planting method and weeding frequency do not correlates with all growth and weeding frequency variables of Ciherang rice and weeds. 2:1, 4:1 and 6:1 jajar legowo planting methods do not show significant impact both on Ciherang rice growth and yield, and also weeds. Both 2 times (14 and 70 hst) and 3 times (14, 49 and 70 hst) also do not have significant impact on all variables observed.Keywords: Jajar Legowo, Weeding Frequency, Ciherang Rice

EFFICIENCY BASED ON MARKER ASSISTED SELECTION FOR F2 POPULATION WITH ONE LOCUS MODEL: A SIMULATION STUDY

Simulation study was done to evaluate QTL mapping and selection efficiency of molecular markers utilisation in the F2 population. The simulation study started with formulating genetic configuration which consists of chromosome maps and genetic models. Genetic model for diploid individuals is a model which consists two alleles for each locus. Genetic model that used is a mathematical model consists additive, dominance, and interactions with different effects at each locus, with maximum interaction occurs between two loci (digenic). QTL mapping was constructed by using single locus model, two loci model and multiple loci model. the effect of sample size, heritability, and marker density was observed. Three model was used to analyse QTL position, i.e. marker regression, interval mapping (IM) and composite interval mapping (CIM). Several parameters were specified in this study: genetic variability coefficient (GVC=15%), population mean (μ=10), epistasis and genetic variance ratio (f=0.1), dominance and additive variance ratio (r=0.25), the ratio of AA:AD:DD is 3:2:1 with additive and dominance gene action, and its interaction. The first and last marker were located at each edge of 150 cM chromosome for each chromosome. The interval distance between markers were equal. Haldane’s map function was used in this simulation. The simulation was performed by using the QTL Package on “R” software. With a heritability 0.2, the required sample size to indicate the interval markers associated with QTL were 50 for single locus model. The level of selection efficiency using molecular markers was higher than the phenotypic screening on. Efficiency level of selection based on molecular markers (Em) is a function of the distance between the markers to QTL (d) which follows “reciprocal quadratic” function. Efficiency level of selection based on phenotype (Ef) is a function of heritability favourable traits which follows “reciprocal quadratic” function.Keywords: efficiency, markers, QTL, simulation

COMBINATION OF BROWNING INHIBITOR SUBSTANCE AND SUCROSE ON THE GROWTH OF MAS KIRANA BANANA PLANLET(Musa acuminata C.) IN VITRO

Mas Kirana Banana (Musa acuminata C.) is one of the most popular tropical fruit plants in the community. The problem of banana tissue culture is browning on the media against phenolic substances that need to be done before the browning inhibitor. This study was conducted to determine the effect of browning inhibitor substance and sucrose on the growth of plantlet banana mas kirana. Research method with RAL (Completely Random Design) two factors + 1 control. The first ingredient consisted of 3 levels, namely polyvinylpyrrolidone 75 g / L, Vitamin C 0,50 ppm, Active Charcoal 1 g / L, while the second factor consisted of 3 levels, sucrose 15 g / L, 20 g / L and 25 g / L Each treatment was repeated 3 times. Data with anova and test with DMRT at 5% level. Browning inhibitors Vitamin C results in the number of shoots, wet weight, dry weight and browning level compared with polyvinylpyrrolidone and activated charcoal. The addition of sucrose concentrations of 20 g / L canincrease length of rootKeywords: Banana, tissue culture, browning inhibitor substance, sucrose