scholarly journals Extraction, Characterization and Application of Cashew Nut Shell Liquid from Cashew Nut Shells

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sampson Kofi Kyei ◽  
Onyewuchi Akaranta ◽  
Godfred Darko ◽  
Uche J. Chukwu
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Physical Analysis ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell Liquid ◽  
Liquid Resin ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell

In this study, cashew nut shell liquid has been extracted from cashew nut shells using an accelerated solvent extraction technique and was employed as a precursor for the synthesis of cashew nut shell liquid resin. The extract was a dark brown viscous liquid with an average yield of 30.61±0.200%. Results of the physical analysis showed a moisture content of 4.45±0.020% and a density of 0.95±0.300 gcm-3. The percentage brix and refractive index were 76.20±0.001 and 1.47 ±0.010 respectively. Chemical characterization showed a pH of 5.65±0.003; acid value of 8.25± 0.200 mg KOH/g; ash content of 1.80±0.6%; free fatty acid of 4.12±0.400 mg KOH/g; ester value of 247.01±0.100 mg KOH/g and a saponification value of 255.26±0.800 mg KOH/g. The FTIR spectra revealed that cashew nut shell liquid is polymeric. These findings confirm that higher phenolic compounds which can be used as potential precursors in industrial applications could be obtained from agro wastes. Practical Applications: Cashew nut shell liquid, an extract from cashew nut shell, an agro waste has a wide range of functional products. A practical application is synthesis of a high viscous, flexible cashew nut shell liquid resin with physical properties that are consistent with literature and could also be further used in other industrial applications. Further processing of cashew nut shell for the development of value added products like resin can be a better option.

Bioactivity of cardanol against the rust red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (04) ◽  
pp. 353-361
Author(s):  
Thomas Buxton ◽  
E. O. Owusu ◽  
Chul-Sa Kim
Keyword(s):  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Red Flour Beetle ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell Liquid ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

AbstractCashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) is an economically important by-product obtained from the cashew nut Anacardium occidentale L. The liquid has been found to be versatile with a wide range of uses, including as a raw material in the polymer industry, in the development of drugs (antioxidants) and in pest control. One important chemical component of CNSL known for its bioactivity is cardanol. We isolated (8Z,11Z)-3-(8,11,14-pentadecatrienyl)phenol, a cardanol from CNSL, and determined its insecticidal and progeny growth and development inhibition activities against Tribolium castaneum Hebst. We used a bioassay-guided approach for the isolation. Exposure to cardanol produced 80% mortality of adult T. castaneum in the insecticidal bioassay. In the progeny growth and development inhibition bioassay, 46.7% of larvae were killed, and only 20.7% of adults emerged without deformities after the cardanol treatment. The amount of isolated cardanol from the 1 g equivalent/ml extracted CNSL was found to be 36.55 mg with LC50 value of 47.88 mg/ml and 13.28 mg/ml against adult T. castaneum and its larvae, respectively. We conclude that cardanol can potentially be useful in managing stored product insect pests, especially T. castaneum, but with the prerequisite that one should take much care when handling and when applying the compound.

Tribological analyses of a new optimized gearbox biodegradable lubricant blended with reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
pp. 135065012092559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubrajit Bhaumik ◽  
M Kamaraj ◽  
Viorel Paleu
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Reduced Graphene Oxide ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell Liquid ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Reduced Graphene ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell ◽  
Biodegradable Lubricant

The current work aims to develop a biodegradable lubricant by adding different volume percentages of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) in neat castor oil (NCO) and investigating its possibility as replacement to non-biodegradable mineral oil (commercial mineral oil) in industrial applications. The blend exhibiting better tribological properties was additived with different weight percentages of reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) nano-platelets and further tribological tests were performed. The performance of 40%CNSL+NCO was 45.8% better than commercial mineral oil, and with the addition of the 0.5% r-GO in the blend, the performance was improved by 61.7% than the commercial mineral oil. Finally, the novel biodegradable mixture blended with nanoparticles was employed as a lubricant in a gearbox, proving the superiority of the biodegradable lubricant over the commercial mineral oil.

Use of a Cashew Nut Shell Liquid Resin as a Potential Replacement for Phenolic Resins in the Preparation of Panels – A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 604 (1) ◽  
pp. 222-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Telascrêa ◽  
A. L. Leão ◽  
M. Z. Ferreira ◽  
H. F. F. Pupo ◽  
B. M. Cherian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cashew Nut Shell Liquid ◽  
Phenolic Resins ◽  
Liquid Resin ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell

Biocomposites from dwarf-green Brazilian coconut impregnated with cashew nut shell liquid resin

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
ACH Barreto ◽  
AEC Júnior ◽  
JEB Freitas ◽  
DS Rosa ◽  
WM Barcellos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cashew Nut Shell Liquid ◽  
Liquid Resin ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell
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