scholarly journals Nitrogen Use Efficiency: Farming Practices and Sustainability

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Muhammad Haroon ◽  
Fahad Idrees ◽  
Hamza Armghan Naushahi ◽  
Rabail Afzal ◽  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Soil Microbes ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Developmental Processes ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Food Challenges

It is expected that up to 2050, human population will be doubled. Agricultural researchers are striving their best to meet the food challenges. To get the higher yield, nitrogenous fertilizers use is also being increased. Nitrogenous fertilizers play vital roles in different plant’s growth and developmental processes. But, excessive use of nitrogen is no more beneficial to plants. Only 30 to 50% nitrogen use efficiency is recorded in plants, the remaining nitrogen is used by soil microbes, leached down in soil profile or volatilized. Different agronomical practices have been practiced and suggested for the general cultivation. Proper use of these agronomical practices can increase the crop yield and nitrogen use efficiency.

Yield and nitrogen use efficiency in wheat, and soil fertility status as influenced by substitution of rice with pigeon pea in a rice - wheat cropping system

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 1185 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K. Singh ◽  
B. S. Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency

Rice–wheat cropping systems managed on 10 million ha in the Indo-Gangetic Plain region (IGPR) of India are the most important production systems for national food security. Recent reports, however, indicate that the system is under production fatigue and the growth rates of rice and wheat have started declining. We, therefore, conducted field experiments at Modipuram, Meerut, India, for 3 consecutive years (1998–99 to 2000–01), to study the conservation of soil organic carbon, improvement in nitrogen use efficiency and increase in system yields through inclusion of a grain legume (pigeon pea) in place of rice. The wheat yields following pigeon pea crops were significantly (P<0.05) greater than those following rice crops during 1999–2000 and 2000–01, but not during 1998–99. The economic optimum doses of fertiliser N for wheat in the pigeon pea–wheat system were smaller (128–133 kg N/ha) than those in the rice–wheat system (139–173 kg N/ha), owing to increased N supply, greater N use efficiencies and a better crop growth environment in the pigeon pea–wheat system. The post-wheat harvest nitrate-N (NO3-N) at 90–105 cm soil depth in plots fertilised with 120 or 180 kg N/ha was greater for the rice–wheat system (6.5–8.1 mg/kg) than for the pigeon pea–wheat system (5.8–6.0 mg/kg), suggesting that inclusion of pigeon pea may help to minimise NO3-N leaching to deeper soil profile layers. In plots of pigeon pea, soil organic carbon at 0–15 cm and 15–30 cm soil depths was increased at the end of the experiment compared with the initial organic carbon content. With continuous rice–wheat cropping, the bulk density of soil increased over the initial bulk density, at different soil profile depths in general, and at 30–45 cm soil depth in particular. Inclusion of pigeon pea in the system maintained soil bulk density at its initial level, and thus eliminated sub-surface soil compaction. Despite these advantages of pigeon pea over rice as a preceding crop to wheat, permanent substitution of rice with pigeon pea in rice–wheat system is unlikely, because rice is a staple foodgrain crop in India. Nonetheless, decline in wheat productivity owing to puddling-induced soil constraints that arise on continuous rice–wheat systems could be minimised by introduction of pigeon pea into the system at longer time intervals.

Eco-Friendly Utilization of Nutrient Enriched Biochar from Sugar Industry Wastes and Its Effect on Nitrogen Use Efficiency

2017 ◽  
Vol 104 (4 - 6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hema B ◽  
◽  
Baskar M ◽  
Balasubramaniam P ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Essential Nutrients ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Absolute Control

 An experiment was conducted to study the nitrogen use efficiency of nutrient enriched biochar (NEB) from sugar industry wastes with seven treatments comprising T1 (absolute control), T2 (50% RD of PK through NEB), T3 (75% RD of PK through NEB), T4 (100% RD of PK through NEB), T5 (125% RD of PK through NEB), T6 (50% through NEB + 50% through inorganic fertilizer) and T7 (100% RD of PK through inorganic fertilizer) in RBD using the rice variety TRY 3. In all treatments, nitrogen was supplied based on LCC reading. The result revealed that application of N through NEB could release the nitrogen slowly and steadily, thereby increasing the nitrogen use efficiency and crop yield. Since the yield of T3 treatment (6103 kgha-1) was on par with T4 (6165 kgha-1) and T5 (6269 kgha-1) treatments, which indicated that the plants received the essential nutrients in required quantities at 75 % RD of PK through NEB itself. On optimization of graded levels of NEB, the application of 75% RD of Pk through NEB was found to be the best treatment with respect to nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield in response to the quantity of nitrogen applied.

Effects of reduced irrigation dose and slow release fertiliser on nitrogen use efficiency and crop yield in a semi-arid loamy sand

2016 ◽  
Vol 168 ◽  
pp. 68-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Chilundo ◽  
Abraham Joel ◽  
Ingrid Wesström ◽  
Rui Brito ◽  
Ingmar Messing
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Loamy Sand ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Semi Arid
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