scholarly journals On-station Evaluation of Family Drip Irrigation System in North-West Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Kasa Mekonen Tiku ◽  
Shushay Hagoes ◽  
Berhane Yohanes
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Furrow Irrigation ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
North West ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Irrigation Water Productivity

The study was carried out at the effect of drip and surface irrigation (Furrow irrigation) methods on onion and sesame crops from December 2011 to May 2012 in the Tigray region of Northwest Ethiopia. The objective was to evaluate the family drip irrigation system in comparison with furrow irrigation system in terms of irrigation water productivity (using 100% ETc for both commodities). The water saved in drip irrigation over furrow irrigation was found to be 33% for onion and sesame crops. The irrigation water productivity of onion was 0.9 kg/m3 and 0.55 kg/m3 under drip and furrow irrigation methods respectively. The irrigation water productivity of sesame was 0.14 kg/m3 and 0.045 kg/m3 under drip and furrow irrigation methods respectively.

scholarly journals Re-designing irrigated intensive cereal systems through bundling precision agronomic innovations for transitioning towards agricultural sustainability in North-West India

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Jat ◽  
P. C. Sharma ◽  
Ashim Datta ◽  
Madhu Choudhary ◽  
S. K. Kakraliya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Flood Irrigation ◽  
Energy Productivity ◽  
North West ◽  
Surface Drip Irrigation

AbstractA study was conducted to design productive, profitable, irrigation water¸ nitrogen and energy use efficient intensive cereal systems (rice-wheat; RW and maize-wheat; MW) in North-West India. Bundling of conservation agriculture (CA) with sub-surface drip irrigation termed as CA+ were compared with CA alone and conventional tillage based and flood irrigated RW rotation (farmer’s practice; ScI). In contrast to conventional till RW rotation which consumed 1889 mm ha−1 irrigation water (2-yr mean), CA+ system saved 58.4 and 95.5% irrigation water in RW and MW rotations, respectively. CA+ practices saved 45.8 and 22.7% of irrigation water in rice and maize, respectively compared to CA with flood irrigation. On a system basis, CA+ practices saved 46.7 and 44.7% irrigation water under RW (ScV) and MW (ScVI) systems compared to their respective CA-based systems with flood irrigation (ScIII and ScIV). CA+ in RW system recorded 11.2% higher crop productivity and improved irrigation water productivity by 145% and profitability by 29.2% compared to farmers’ practice. Substitution of rice with maize (MW system; ScVI) recorded 19.7% higher productivity, saved 84.5% of irrigation water and increased net returns by 48.9% compared to farmer’s practice. CA+ RW and MW system improved energy productivity by 75 and 169% and partial factor productivity of N by 44.6 and 49.6%, respectively compared to ScI. The sub-surface drip irrigation system saved the fertilizer N by 20% under CA systems. CA+ in RW and MW systems recorded ~13 and 5% (2-yr mean) higher profitability with 80% subsidy on installing sub-surface drip irrigation system and similar profitability without subsidy scenario compared with their respective flood irrigated CA-based systems.

scholarly journals Experimental Evaluation of Conservation Agriculture with Drip Irrigation for Water Productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tewodros Assefa ◽  
Manoj Jha ◽  
Manuel Reyes ◽  
Seifu Tilahun ◽  
Abeyou Worqlul
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Water Use

A field-scale experimental study was conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa (Ethiopia and Ghana) to examine the effects of conservation agriculture (CA) with drip irrigation system on water productivity in vegetable home gardens. CA here refers to minimum soil disturbance (no-till), year-round organic mulch cover, and diverse cropping in the rotation. A total of 28 farmers (13 farmers in Ethiopia and 15 farmers in Ghana) participated in this experiment. The experimental setup was a paired ‘t’ design on a 100 m2 plot; where half of the plot was assigned to CA and the other half to conventional tillage (CT), both under drip irrigation system. Irrigation water use and crop yield were monitored for three seasons in Ethiopia and one season in Ghana for vegetable production including garlic, onion, cabbage, tomato, and sweet potato. Irrigation water use was substantially lower under CA, 18% to 45.6%, with a substantial increase in crop yields, 9% to about two-fold, when compared with CT practice for the various vegetables. Crop yields and irrigation water uses were combined into one metric, water productivity, for the statistical analysis on the effect of CA with drip irrigation system. One-tailed paired ‘t’ test statistical analysis was used to examine if the mean water productivity in CA is higher than that of CT. Water productivity was found to be significantly improved (α = 0.05) under the CA practice; 100%, 120%, 222%, 33%, and 49% for garlic, onion, tomato, cabbage, and sweet potato respectively. This could be due to the improvement of soil quality and structure due to CA practice, adding nutrients to the soil and sticking soil particles together (increase soil aggregates). Irrigation water productivity for tomato under CA (5.17 kg m−3 in CA as compared to 1.61 kg m−3 in CT) is found to be highest when compared to water productivity for the other vegetables. The mulch cover provided protection for the tomatoes from direct contact with the soil and minimized the chances of soil-borne diseases. Adapting to CA practices with drip irrigation in vegetable home gardens is, therefore, a feasible strategy to improve water use efficiency, and to intensify crop yield, which directly contributes towards the sustainability of livelihoods of smallholder farmers in the region.

Evaluation of Drip Irrigation System for Water Productivity and Yield of Rice

2018 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
pp. 2378-2389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theivasigamani Parthasarathi ◽  
Koothan Vanitha ◽  
Sendass Mohandass ◽  
Eli Vered
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Drip Irrigation System

scholarly journals Performance of Disc, Conventional and Automatic Screen Filters Under Rainbow Trout Fish Farm Effluent for Drip Irrigation System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abed Mohammad Hasani ◽  
Saman Nikmehr ◽  
Eisa Maroufpoor ◽  
younes Aminpour ◽  
Jaume Puig Bargués
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Head Loss ◽  
Fish Farm ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
The Difference

Abstract This study aims to investigate the performance of disc, conventional screen, and automatic screen filters when rainbow trout fish effluent is used for irrigation. The experiments were performed in a fish farm, located in the north-west of Iran. The disc and conventional screen filters were tested at pressures of 150 and 300 kPa, and the automatic screen filter at 200 and 300 kPa. The filtration experiments continued until the backwashing was reached. The results showed that (1) the initial head loss of disc and conventional screen filters was 40 kPa, while for the automatic screen filter was 5 kPa. (2) In the disc filter, with increasing working pressure, the filtered volume significantly (P<0.05) increased from 9.7 to 14.5 m3 m-2 (10 kPa)-1, but for conventional and automatic screen filters, it was constant at 5.5 and 7.0 m3 m-2 (10 kPa)-1, respectively, and all of them had significant (P<0.05) differences. (3) In the disc filter, with increasing the working pressure, the filtered volume to reach backwashing significantly (P<0.01) increased from 80.9 to 104.4 m3 m-2, while in the conventional screen filter increased from 14.1 to 16.4 m3 m-2. This volume at two working pressures was 29.5 m3 m-2 for the automatic screen filter. These volumes were significantly different (P<0.01) between filters. (4) The mass retention for the disc, conventional, and automatic screen filters were 28.88, 9.11, and 7.72 g min-1 m-2, respectively and tended to increase at lower working pressures. Based on this index, the difference in the performance of the filters was significant (P<0.01). (5) Overall, the best performance was for the disc filter, and after that was the automatic screen filters, but the period of time to operate for the filters until backwashing time was less than half an hour, which is not applicable under farm conditions.

scholarly journals Low-Energy Precision Application (LEPA) Irrigation: A Forty-Year Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1343-1353 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Bordovsky
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Full Irrigation ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Irrigation Methods

Abstract. The low-energy precision application (LEPA) irrigation concept was developed 40 years ago (ca. 1978) to address the depletion of irrigation water from the Ogallala Aquifer and the sharp increase in pumping costs caused by the 1970s fuel crisis occurring at that time in the Texas High Plains. The LEPA method applies water to the soil surface at low pressure using a tower-truss irrigation system that continually moves through the field. This method brought changes in irrigation equipment and management that resulted in improvements in water productivity, particularly in semi-arid locations with diminishing water supplies. A review of published information pertaining to LEPA history, evaluation, and usage was performed. On landscapes of less than 1% slope, negative crop yield effects caused by irrigation runoff and start-stop system alignment were overcome with appropriately spaced basins, or furrow checks, and multiple irrigations over the course of the growing season. No consistent yield advantage at any level of irrigation was documented by placing water in every furrow (1 m spacing) compared to alternate furrows (2 m spacing). In irrigation treatments having =50% of the estimated full irrigation quantity, LEPA resulted in a 16% yield increase over sprinkler methods, although subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) resulted in a 14% yield increase over LEPA. At irrigation levels &gt;50% of full irrigation, crop yields of sprinkler treatments were only slightly less than those of LEPA, and SDI yields were 7% greater than LEPA. The LEPA irrigation method was the catalyst for innovations in chemigation, no-till planting, and site-specific irrigation. As irrigation water becomes more limited, use and proper management of optimum irrigation methods will be critical. Keywords: Basin tillage, Chemigation, Evapotranspiration, Irrigation methods, LEPA, Low-energy precision application, Runoff, Spray irrigation, Sprinkler irrigation, Uniformity, Water use efficiency.

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