Production of Bio-crude Oil from Palm Kernel Shell by Pyrolysis with Bubbling Fluidized Bed Reactor and the Characteristics of the Biocrude-oil

This study investigates the effect of pyrolysis temperature on the yields of char, organic compounds, water and gas. Fast pyrolysis was carried out in a fluidized bed reactor of 108 mm in internal diameter operated at 400, 450, 500 and 550 °C with nitrogen gas with flow rate of 25 L(NTP)/min. In specific the effect of temperature on the yields of known and unknown organics in bio-oil is discussed. For higher total organics, 500 oC was favorable. But higher phenol and acetic acid yields, 450 oC was preferable. The major organics include acetic acid, phenol and furfural. The minor ones include 2-methylphenol, 4-methylphenol, 4-methylnaphthalene, benzene, toluene and THF.

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Bio-Oil Derived from Palm Kernel Shell in Fluidized Bed Reactor: Effect of Particle Size

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.917.63 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 917 ◽

pp. 63-71

Author(s):

Ali Norizan ◽

Yoshimitsu Uemura ◽

N. Omar Wissam ◽

Toshio Tsutsui

Keyword(s):

Fluidized Bed ◽

Gas Flow ◽

Palm Kernel ◽

Calorific Value ◽

Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽

Nitrogen Gas ◽

Palm Kernel Shell ◽

Bio Oil ◽

Pyrolysis Unit ◽

Effect Of Particle Size

Bio-oil production from pyrolysis of 0.15-0.5 mm and 1-2 mm palm kernel shell (PKS) has been investigated in a fluidized bed reactor under the nitrogen gas flow rate of 25 L(NTP)/min, with reactor temperature of 450°C. The pyrolysis unit has six successive condensers. Thus, six fractions of bio-oil samples were acquired from the six condensers. The calorific value, water content, ash content, and element content of each bio-oil samples were determined. The bio-oil yield from palm kernel shell with the size of 0.15-0.5 mm and 1-2 mm were 20 % and 26 %, respectively. The highest calorific value among the six bio-oil samples was 25.1 MJ/kg which was drawn from the forth condenser from pyrolysis of 0.15-0.5 mm of palm kernel shell. The incondensable gas was a mixture of hydrogen, methane, carbon dioxide and ethane.

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Numerical Studies on Fast Pyrolysis of Palm Kernel Shell in a Fluidized Bed Reactor

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1088/1757-899x/874/1/012033 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 874 ◽

pp. 012033

Author(s):

Thoharudin ◽

Yi-Shun Chen ◽

Shu-San Hsiau

Keyword(s):

Fluidized Bed ◽

Fast Pyrolysis ◽

Palm Kernel ◽

Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽

Palm Kernel Shell ◽

Numerical Studies

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Fast Pyrolysis of Oil Palm Kernel Shell in a Fluidized Bed Reactor: The Effect of Biomass Size on the Yields of Pyrolysis Products

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.625.608 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 625 ◽

pp. 608-611

Author(s):

Yoshimitsu Uemura ◽

Ali Norizan ◽

Hafizah Ahmad Afif ◽

Norridah Osman ◽

Wissam N. Omar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Fluidized Bed ◽

Fast Pyrolysis ◽

Palm Kernel ◽

Fluidized Bed Reactor ◽

Internal Diameter ◽

Pyrolysis Products ◽

Palm Kernel Shell ◽

Bio Oil ◽

Benzene Toluene

This study investigates the effect of biomass size on the yields of char, liquid (organic compounds and water) and gas for fast pyrolysis of palm kernel shell (PKS). Fast pyrolysis was carried out in a fluidized bed reactor of 108 mm in internal diameter operated at 450 °C using three different sizes of palm kernel shell (0.325, 0.75 and 1.5 mm). In specific the effect of biomass size on the yields of known and unknown organics in bio-oil was mainly investigated. The major organics include acetic acid, phenol and furfural. The minor ones include 2-methylphenol, 4-methylphenol, 2-methylnaphthalene, benzene, toluene and tetrahydrofurane (THF). Smaller biomass sizes were favorable for higher bio-oil yields.

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